Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Institution
- Keyword
-
- Health (3)
- Emotion (2)
- Religion (2)
- Acceptance (1)
- Adolescents (1)
-
- Alcohol use (1)
- American (1)
- Anxiety (1)
- Avoided Negative Affect (1)
- Body image (1)
- Cancer screening (1)
- Change (1)
- Compassion (1)
- Coping (1)
- Couple therapy (1)
- Culture (1)
- Decision Making (1)
- Dialysis (1)
- Emotional intelligence (1)
- Emotions (1)
- Exercise (1)
- Exercise environment (1)
- Exertion (1)
- Family stabillity (1)
- Gender (1)
- German (1)
- Harsh parenting (1)
- Ideal Affect (1)
- Iran (1)
- Latino (1)
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
The Religious Shaping Of Feeling: Implications Of Affect Valuation Theory, Jeanne L. Tsai, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Masako Miyazaki, Cameron Ochs
The Religious Shaping Of Feeling: Implications Of Affect Valuation Theory, Jeanne L. Tsai, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Masako Miyazaki, Cameron Ochs
Psychology
Over 80% of the world population identifies with a specific religion (Adherents. com, 2007; Central Intelligence Agency, 2011). For some individuals, this religion structures and shapes every dimension of their daily lives: what they wear, with whom they spend time, where they go, and what they eat. As important, but perhaps less overt, is how religion shapes people's psyches. Indeed, one of the major functions of religion is to provide followers with a way of understanding and coping with their life circumstances (see Pargament, Falb, Ano, & Wachholtz, Chapter 28, this volume; Park, 2005). Another is to provide a guide …
The Santa Clara Strength Of Religious Faith Questionnaire (Scsorf): A Validation Study On Iranian Muslim Patients Undergoing Dialysis, Amir H. Pakpour, Thomas G. Plante, Mohsen Saffari, Bengt Fridlund
The Santa Clara Strength Of Religious Faith Questionnaire (Scsorf): A Validation Study On Iranian Muslim Patients Undergoing Dialysis, Amir H. Pakpour, Thomas G. Plante, Mohsen Saffari, Bengt Fridlund
Psychology
The Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire (SCSORF) is an often used and validated scale that is uncommonly utilized in culturally diverse populations. The purpose of this research investigation was to adapt the SCSORF for use among Iranian Muslim patients undergoing dialysis and to examine the reliability and validity of the scale among this population. A total of 428 patients (228 females, 200 males, M age = 52.2 years, SD = 10) were selected from five dialysis center in Tehran and Qazvin, Iran. A comprehensive forward–backward translation system was used for cross-cultural translation. Patients completed a baseline questionnaire obtaining …
Focusing On The Negative: Cultural Differences In Expressions Of Sympathy, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Jeanne L. Tsai
Focusing On The Negative: Cultural Differences In Expressions Of Sympathy, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Jeanne L. Tsai
Psychology
Feeling concern about the suffering of others is considered a basic human response, and yet we know surprisingly little about the cultural factors that shape how people respond to the suffering of another person. To this end, we conducted 4 studies that tested the hypothesis that American expressions of sympathy focus on the negative less and positive more than German expressions of sympathy, in part because Americans want to avoid negative states more than Germans do. In Study 1, we demonstrate that American sympathy cards contain less negative and more positive content than German sympathy cards. In Study 2, we …
If You Can’T Take The Heat, Stay Out Of The Kitchen: A Reflection On “Student Beliefs, Multiculturalism, And Client Welfare.”, Thomas G. Plante
If You Can’T Take The Heat, Stay Out Of The Kitchen: A Reflection On “Student Beliefs, Multiculturalism, And Client Welfare.”, Thomas G. Plante
Psychology
In Student beliefs, multiculturalism, and client welfare, Professor Kristin Hancock offers a thoughtful description of and reflection on the contemporary challenges associated with psychology graduate trainees managing their personal and religious beliefs and practices with the training and professional demands of the psychology profession and their educational training institutions. She reviewed several recent court cases (e.g., Ward v. Polite et al., Keeton v. Anderson-Wiley et al., Ward v. Wilbanks et al.) where psychology students sued their graduate programs (typically secular state universities) because their training requirements included multicultural competency training involving sexual issues such as homosexuality. These graduate training …
The Effect Of Harsh Parenting On Anxiety Levels In Adolescents As Moderated By Rsa And Family Stability, Laura B. Welburn
The Effect Of Harsh Parenting On Anxiety Levels In Adolescents As Moderated By Rsa And Family Stability, Laura B. Welburn
Psychology
The present study examines the relation between harsh parenting experienced during adolescence on anxiety symptoms during adulthood as moderated by the parasympathetic nervous system (PNS) activity and family stability. Participants completed questionnaires assessing parenting styles, the regularity or family activities, and current anxiety symptoms (61 adults; mean age = 19.39 years; 50.8% European American; 47.5% male). PNS activity was measured by resting respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). The results suggest that among males, relatively high RSA buffers the effects of harsh parenting on anxiety symptoms. Also, for males, the stability of home life at relatively high levels can be a protective …
The Role Of Transfer-Appropriate Processing In The Testing Effect, Mary T. Veltre
The Role Of Transfer-Appropriate Processing In The Testing Effect, Mary T. Veltre
Psychology
The testing effect is the finding that taking a review test enhances performance on a final test relative to merely restudying the material. I investigated the role of transfer-appropriate processing in the testing effect using semantic cues to evoke conceptual processing and orthographic cues to evoke data-driven processing. After an initial study phase, subjects either restudied the material or took a cued recall test consisting of half semantic cues and half orthographic cues. Two days later, all of the subjects returned for a final cued recall test. The final test consisted of the exact same cue given for that target …
The Effect Of Emotional Intelligence On The Relationship Between Negative Mood And Risk Taking, Gabriela Melillo
The Effect Of Emotional Intelligence On The Relationship Between Negative Mood And Risk Taking, Gabriela Melillo
Psychology
Emotional intelligence is conceptualized as encompassing perception, utilization, and management of emotion. Research suggests that the managing one’s own emotions subscale (MOE) may be particularly relevant to risky behaviors such as substance use and gambling. The present study examined the effects of emotional intelligence and mood manipulation on risk taking. Participants were randomly assigned to a positive, negative, or neutral mood condition. Baseline measures of mood state were obtained by the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS), followed by self-report questionnaires. Participants were then presented with a brief film clip for the mood manipulation. Immediately thereafter, a second PANAS was …
The Role Of Social Expressiveness Expectancies And Body Image In College Students’ Alcohol Use: A Moderation Model, Ashley Zenner
The Role Of Social Expressiveness Expectancies And Body Image In College Students’ Alcohol Use: A Moderation Model, Ashley Zenner
Psychology
This study examined the role of social expressiveness expectancies in the relationship between body image and alcohol use and explored possible gender differences. Body image, social expressiveness expectancies, alcohol use and consequences from alcohol use were examined using a moderation model. Based on the responses of 265 college students (160 women and 88 men) to self-report questionnaires the findings showed that women with poor body image and high social expressiveness expectancies used alcohol significantly more than women who did not have a poor body image. For men, no such relationship was observed. Contrary to hypotheses, negative consequences from alcohol use …
The Problem Is My Partner: Treating Couples When One Partner Wants The Other To Change, Kieran T. Sullivan, Joanne Davila
The Problem Is My Partner: Treating Couples When One Partner Wants The Other To Change, Kieran T. Sullivan, Joanne Davila
Psychology
Partners commonly present to couple therapy expecting that the relationship will only improve if their partner changes. In other words, the partner is the problem. In this paper we review research on people's capacity for change, the process of behavior change, and personality change, especially the role of attachment theory. We then review techniques for working with couples based on empirically validated approaches to couple therapy and general change principles in therapy. Finally, we present a case study and recommendations for working with change-demanding couples, emphasizing the importance of focusing on emotional acceptance.
Clues Cue The Smooze: Rhyme, Pausing, And Prediction Help Children Learn New Words From Storybooks, Kirsten Read
Clues Cue The Smooze: Rhyme, Pausing, And Prediction Help Children Learn New Words From Storybooks, Kirsten Read
Psychology
Rhyme, which is ubiquitous in the language experiences of young children, may be especially facilitative to vocabulary learning because of how it can support active predictions about upcoming words. In two experiments, we tested whether rhyme, when used to help children anticipate new words would make those words easier to learn. Two- to 4-year-old children heard rhyming stanzas naming novel monsters under three conditions: A non-rhyme condition in which novel monster names appeared as unrhymed elements within a rhymed stanza, a non-predictive rhyme condition in which the novel names were the rhymed element in the first line of a stanza, …
Choosing A Physician Depends On How You Want To Feel: The Role Of Ideal Affect In Health-Related Decision Making, Tamara Sims, Jeanne L. Tsai, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Ewart A.C. Thomas, Mary K. Goldstein
Choosing A Physician Depends On How You Want To Feel: The Role Of Ideal Affect In Health-Related Decision Making, Tamara Sims, Jeanne L. Tsai, Birgit Koopmann-Holm, Ewart A.C. Thomas, Mary K. Goldstein
Psychology
When given a choice, how do people decide which physician to select? Although significant research has demonstrated that how people actually feel (their “actual affect”) influences their health care preferences, how people ideally want to feel (their “ideal affect”) may play an even greater role. Specifically, we predicted that people trust physicians whose affective characteristics match their ideal affect, which leads people to prefer those physicians more. Consistent with this prediction, the more participants wanted to feel high arousal positive states on average ([ideal HAP]; e.g., excited), the more likely they were to select a HAP-focused physician. Similarly, the more …
Sex Differences In Stress-Induced Social Withdrawal: Role Of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor In The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis, Gian D. Greenberg, Abigail Laman-Marang, Katharine L. Campi, Heather Voigt, Veronica N. Orr, Leslie Schaal, Brian C. Trainor
Sex Differences In Stress-Induced Social Withdrawal: Role Of Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor In The Bed Nucleus Of The Stria Terminalis, Gian D. Greenberg, Abigail Laman-Marang, Katharine L. Campi, Heather Voigt, Veronica N. Orr, Leslie Schaal, Brian C. Trainor
Psychology
Depression and anxiety disorders are more common in women than men, and little is known about the neurobiological mechanisms that contribute to this disparity. Recent data suggest that stress-induced changes in neurotrophins have opposing effects on behavior by acting in different brain networks. Social defeat has been an important approach for understanding neurotrophin action, but low female aggression levels in rats and mice have limited the application of these methods primarily to males. We examined the effects of social defeat in monogamous California mice (Peromyscus californicus), a species in which both males and females defend territories. We demonstrate that defeat …
Failure To Replicate Retrocausal Recall, Imants Barušs, Vanille Rabier
Failure To Replicate Retrocausal Recall, Imants Barušs, Vanille Rabier
Psychology
In two temporally inverted memory experiments, Daryl Bem found that participants had better recall for words that were practiced after the recall task than for control words that were not practiced after the recall task. We attempted to replicate the second of Bem’s two experiments with the addition of a personality measure. After completing the Six Factor Personality Questionnaire, participants (n = 102) interacted with a computer on which they were shown 48 nouns, one at a time, then asked to type as many of the words as they could recall, and then asked to practice a random selection …
Questions About Interacting With Invisible Intelligences, Imants Barušs
Questions About Interacting With Invisible Intelligences, Imants Barušs
Psychology
So little of the physical universe is made up of the sort of material of which we think reality is made. Indeed 96% of it consists of dark matter and dark energy. And of the 4% made of “matter” as we ordinarily understand it, only a tiny sliver reflects visible light. Yet our ideas about what can or cannot be “out there” are often based on our minuscule exposure to the visible part of the universe. And we assume that whatever might be “out there,” where we cannot see anything, surely must be insentient. But what if we are wrong? …
Ethnic Differences In Therapy Outcome For Foster Youth, Breniel Q. Lemley, Rosana M. Aguilar, Saralyn C. Ruff, June Madsen Clausen, Foster Care Research Group
Ethnic Differences In Therapy Outcome For Foster Youth, Breniel Q. Lemley, Rosana M. Aguilar, Saralyn C. Ruff, June Madsen Clausen, Foster Care Research Group
Psychology
No abstract provided.
Dimensions Of Religiousness And Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Church-Going Latinas, Jennifer D. Allen, John E. Perez, Claudia R. Pischke, Laura S. Tom, Alan Juarez, Hosffman Ospino, Elizabeth Gonzalez-Suarez
Dimensions Of Religiousness And Cancer Screening Behaviors Among Church-Going Latinas, Jennifer D. Allen, John E. Perez, Claudia R. Pischke, Laura S. Tom, Alan Juarez, Hosffman Ospino, Elizabeth Gonzalez-Suarez
Psychology
Churches are a promising setting through which to reach Latinas with cancer control efforts. A better understanding of the dimensions of religiousness that impact health behaviors could inform efforts to tailor cancer control programs for this setting. The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between dimensions of religiousness with adherence to cancer screening recommendations among church-going Latinas. Female Spanish-speaking members, aged 18 and older from a Baptist church in Boston, Massachusetts (N = 78), were interviewed about cancer screening behaviors and dimensions of religiousness. We examined adherence to individual cancer screening tests (mammography, Pap test, and colonoscopy), …
The Influence Of Exercise Environment And Gender On Mood And Exertion, Thomas G. Plante, Marily A. Opezzo, L. Aislinn Diaz, Selena Pistoresi, Michael Santos, Jacqueline E. Fahey, Elizabeth Kay, Briana Britton, Suheel Khan
The Influence Of Exercise Environment And Gender On Mood And Exertion, Thomas G. Plante, Marily A. Opezzo, L. Aislinn Diaz, Selena Pistoresi, Michael Santos, Jacqueline E. Fahey, Elizabeth Kay, Briana Britton, Suheel Khan
Psychology
This study examined the influence of exercise environment and gender on post-exercise mood and exertion. College student participants (55 females, 49 males) were instructed to pedal a stationary bike at a moderate pace for 20 minutes. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three laboratory conditions: (1) exercising in front of a mirror and posters showing ideal fit body types (i.e., celebrity male and female personal trainers), (2) exercising in front of a mirror only, or (3) a control condition in which participants exercised without a mirror or posters. The Activation- Deactivation Adjective Check List (AD-ACL), measuring exercise-induced mood states, …
Beneficial Assessment Outcomes From Frequent Testing, Abdulrazaq Imam
Beneficial Assessment Outcomes From Frequent Testing, Abdulrazaq Imam
Psychology
When faced with deadlines, people tend to procrastinate. Students do this by delaying study time until examinations are so close the only option left is cramming. This procrastination scallop is a well-established behavioral phenomenon in both human and infrahuman species. Distributed practice also has been demonstrated to be superior to massed practice in the cognitive literature. Frequent testing provides opportunities for distributed practice and rehearsals that fill the gap between acquisition and the big test, creating its own mini-scallops. In sections of Introductory Psychology, Research Design, and Learning and Behavior courses, standard pre-post testing was conducted at the start and …
The Vestibular Contribution To The Head Direction Signal And Navigation, R.M. Yoder, J.S. Taube
The Vestibular Contribution To The Head Direction Signal And Navigation, R.M. Yoder, J.S. Taube
Psychology
Spatial learning and navigation depend on neural representations of location and direction within the environment. These representations, encoded by place cells and head direction (HD) cells, respectively, are dominantly controlled by visual cues, but require input from the vestibular system. Vestibular signals play an important role in forming spatial representations in both visual and non-visual environments, but the details of this vestibular contribution are not fully understood. Here, we review the role of the vestibular system in generating various spatial signals in rodents, focusing primarily on HD cells. We also examine the vestibular system's role in navigation and the possible …