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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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Psychology

University of Nebraska at Omaha

2011

Articles 1 - 10 of 10

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Natural Variation In Gestational Cortisol Is Associated With Patterns Of Growth In Marmoset Monkeys (Callithrix Geoffroyi), Aaryn C. Mustoe, Andrew K. Birnie, Andrew V. Korgan, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Jeffrey French Dec 2011

Natural Variation In Gestational Cortisol Is Associated With Patterns Of Growth In Marmoset Monkeys (Callithrix Geoffroyi), Aaryn C. Mustoe, Andrew K. Birnie, Andrew V. Korgan, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Jeffrey French

Psychology Faculty Publications

High levels of prenatal cortisol have been previously reported to retard fetal growth. Although cortisol plays a pivotal role in prenatal maturation, heightened exposure to cortisol can result in lower body weights at birth, which have been shown to be associated with adult diseases like hypertension and cardiovascular disease. This study examines the relationship between natural variation in gestational cortisol and fetal and postnatal growth in marmoset monkeys. Urinary samples obtained during the mother’s gestation were analyzed for cortisol. Marmoset body mass index (BMI) was measured from birth through 540 days in 30- or 60-day intervals. Multi-level modeling was used …

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Early Childhood/Child Welfare Priority, Nancy Edick, Samantha K. Ammons, Melissa Cast-Brede, Ann Coyne, Karen Falconer Al-Hindi, Shari Hofschire, Lisa Kelly-Vance, Jay Killion, Sajda Qureshi, Bridget O. Ryalls, Peter Simi, Peter Wolcott Dec 2011

Early Childhood/Child Welfare Priority, Nancy Edick, Samantha K. Ammons, Melissa Cast-Brede, Ann Coyne, Karen Falconer Al-Hindi, Shari Hofschire, Lisa Kelly-Vance, Jay Killion, Sajda Qureshi, Bridget O. Ryalls, Peter Simi, Peter Wolcott

Foundational Documents

This is the executive summary of a white paper that describes the context, current capacity, areas of opportunity, and next steps for the UNO Early Childhood/Child Welfare Priority (ECCW). It responds to the need for comprehensive integrated systems of services designed to give all young children (birth through age eight) access to what they need in the early years to succeed in school and in life. In this context, UNO recognizes ECCW as critical to our metropolitan university mission. Further, we must come together with early childhood service providers, P-12 districts, parents, policy makers, other University of Nebraska campuses, community …

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Brief Assessment Of Schizotypy: Developing Short Forms Of The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales, Beate P. Winterstein, Paul J. Silvia, Thomas R. Kwapil, James C. Kaufman, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Benjamin Wigert Dec 2011

Brief Assessment Of Schizotypy: Developing Short Forms Of The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales, Beate P. Winterstein, Paul J. Silvia, Thomas R. Kwapil, James C. Kaufman, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Benjamin Wigert

Psychology Faculty Publications

The Wisconsin Schizotypy Scales—the Perceptual Aberration, Magical Ideation, Physical Anhedonia, and Revised Social Anhedonia Scales—have been used extensively since their development in the 1970s and 1980s. Based on psychometric analyses using item response theory, the present work presents 15-item short forms of each scale. In addition to being briefer, the short forms omit items with high differential item functioning. Based on data from a sample of young adults (n = 1144), the short forms have strong internal consistency, and they mirror effects found for the longer scales. They thus appear to be a good option for researchers interested in …

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Effects Of Homophobic Versus Nonhomophobic Victimization On School Commitment And The Moderating Effect Of Teacher Attitudes In Brazilian Public Schools, Mandi M. Alexander, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Josafá Da Cunha, Lidia Weber, Stephen T. Russell Oct 2011

Effects Of Homophobic Versus Nonhomophobic Victimization On School Commitment And The Moderating Effect Of Teacher Attitudes In Brazilian Public Schools, Mandi M. Alexander, Jonathan Bruce Santo, Josafá Da Cunha, Lidia Weber, Stephen T. Russell

Psychology Faculty Publications

This study investigated homophobic victimization, teacher support, and school commitment in Brazilian schools. Participants were 339 students, ages 11 to 18 years old, in two public schools in Brazil. Data were obtained using the Brazil Preventing School Harassment Survey. Structural equation modeling revealed that both homophobic and nonhomophobic victimization were negatively related to school commitment but that homophobic victimization was a stronger predictor. Results supported the hypothesis that supportive teachers can moderate the relationship between victimization and school commitment. Finally, the moderating effect of teacher support was stronger in instances of frequent homophobic victimization.

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Cantankerous Creativity: Honesty–Humility, Agreeableness, And The Hexaco Structure Of Creative Achievement, Paul J. Silvia, James C. Kaufman, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Benjamin Wigert Oct 2011

Cantankerous Creativity: Honesty–Humility, Agreeableness, And The Hexaco Structure Of Creative Achievement, Paul J. Silvia, James C. Kaufman, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Benjamin Wigert

Psychology Faculty Publications

Creativity research has suggested that creative people are low in agreeableness. To explore this issue, we applied the HEXACO model of personality structure, which offers an expanded representation of interpersonal traits, particularly a distinction between Honesty–Humility and Agreeableness. A sample of 1304 adults completed the HEXACO-60 and several measures of creative achievement and activities. Latent variable models found that Agreeableness had no relationship with creativity, but Honesty–Humility did: people lower in Honesty–Humility had higher creativity scores, consistent with past work on arrogance and pretentiousness among creative people.

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Increasing On-Task Behavior Using Teacher Attention Delivered On A Fixed-Time Schedule, Jessica L. Riley, Brian Mckevitt, Mark D. Shriver, Keith D. Allen Sep 2011

Increasing On-Task Behavior Using Teacher Attention Delivered On A Fixed-Time Schedule, Jessica L. Riley, Brian Mckevitt, Mark D. Shriver, Keith D. Allen

Psychology Faculty Publications

The effectiveness of fixed-time delivery of attention to increase the on-task behavior of 2 students in general education was examined. The teacher in this study provided attention to students on a 5-min fixed-time schedule and responded to students in her typical manner between cued intervals. An ABAB withdrawal design was used to test the effects of the intervention. The results of this study indicate that a fixed-time schedule of attention was effective in increasing students’ on-task behavior and decreasing their off-task behavior. Implications of the study for research and practice are discussed.

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Meeting Design Characteristics And Attendee Perceptions Of Staff/Team Meeting Quality, Melissa A. Cohen, Steven G. Rogelberg, Joseph A. Allen, Alexandra Luong Mar 2011

Meeting Design Characteristics And Attendee Perceptions Of Staff/Team Meeting Quality, Melissa A. Cohen, Steven G. Rogelberg, Joseph A. Allen, Alexandra Luong

Psychology Faculty Publications

Meetings are a common tool in organizations and are used for a variety of purposes and implemented in a variety of ways. Despite the prevalence of meetings, surveys suggest that they are often unproductive and costly. The current study focused on how meetings are designed in hopes of providing practically and theoretically meaningful recommendations for improving meeting quality. A total of 18 design characteristics associated with staff/team meetings were identified and their relevance to perceptions of meeting quality was tested. Using an online panel-based respondent pool of working adults, 367 individuals participated in a survey that they completed within 48 …

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The Effect Of Regulatory Focus On Idea Generation And Idea Evaluation, Kanexa, Inc., Roni Reiter-Palmon Feb 2011

The Effect Of Regulatory Focus On Idea Generation And Idea Evaluation, Kanexa, Inc., Roni Reiter-Palmon

Psychology Faculty Publications

Regulatory focus, an individual difference characteristic, has been linked to decision making, such that those with a promotion focus show more risk taking and flexibility whereas those with a prevention focus are risk averse and more rigid. The relationship between regulatory focus and creativity has also been investigated, with similar results. However, the focus of these efforts has been on the idea generation phase (e.g., Friedman & Forster, 2001; Lam & Chiu, 2002). This study suggests that the influence of regulatory focus on creativity operates differently for the idea evaluation phase than with the idea generation phase. Furthermore, there are …

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The Genetic Basis Of Creativity And Ideational Fluency The Genetic Basis Of Creativity And Ideational Fluency, Mark A. Runco, Ernest P. Noble, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Selcuk Acar, Terry Ritchie, Justin M. Yurkovich Jan 2011

The Genetic Basis Of Creativity And Ideational Fluency The Genetic Basis Of Creativity And Ideational Fluency, Mark A. Runco, Ernest P. Noble, Roni Reiter-Palmon, Selcuk Acar, Terry Ritchie, Justin M. Yurkovich

Psychology Faculty Publications

Reuter, Roth, Holve, & Hennig (2006) described what they called the first candidate gene for creativity. This study replicated and extended their work for a more careful analysis of five candidate genes: Dopamine Transporter (DAT), Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT), Dopamine Receptor D4 (DRD4), D2 Dopamine Receptor (DRD2), and Tryptophane Hydroxylase (TPH1). Participants were 147 college students who received a battery of tests of creative potential. Multivariate analyses of variance indicated that ideational fluency scores were significantly associated with several genes (DAT, COMT, DRD4, and TPH1). This was apparent in both verbal and figural fluency ideation scores, before and after controlling general …

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The Presence Of A Best Friend Buffers The Effects Of Negative Experiences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Jonathan Bruce Santo, William M. Bukowski Jan 2011

The Presence Of A Best Friend Buffers The Effects Of Negative Experiences, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Jonathan Bruce Santo, William M. Bukowski

Psychology Faculty Publications

The goal of the current study was to examine how the presence of a best friend might serve as protection against the effect of negative experiences on global self-worth and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA axis). A total of 103 English-speaking male (n = 55) and female (n = 48) participants from Grade 5 (M = 10.27 years) and Grade 6 (M = 11.30 years) completed booklets about their experiences that occurred 20 min previously and how they felt about themselves at the moment, and they provided saliva multiple times per day over the course of 4 …

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