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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Concurrent Identity Training Is Not Necessary For Associative Symmetry In Successive Matching, Heloísa Cursi Campos, Peter J. Urcuioli, Melissa Swisher
Concurrent Identity Training Is Not Necessary For Associative Symmetry In Successive Matching, Heloísa Cursi Campos, Peter J. Urcuioli, Melissa Swisher
Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications
Pigeons demonstrate associative symmetry after successive matching training on one arbitrary and two identity relations (e.g., Urcuioli, 2008). Here, we tested whether identity matching training is necessary for this emergent effect. In Experiment 1, one group of pigeons (Dual Oddity) learned hue-form arbitrary matching and two oddity relations which shared sample and comparison elements with the arbitrary relations. A second (Control) group learned the same hue-form matching task and a second (form-hue) arbitrary task which, together with hue oddity, shared only the samples with the hue-form relations. On subsequent symmetry probe trials, four Dual Oddity pigeons exhibited higher probe-trial response …
Emergent Identity Matching After Successive Matching Training Ii: Reflexivity Or Transitivity?, Peter J. Urcuioli, Melissa Swisher
Emergent Identity Matching After Successive Matching Training Ii: Reflexivity Or Transitivity?, Peter J. Urcuioli, Melissa Swisher
Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications
Three experiments evaluated whether the apparent reflexivity effect reported by Sweeney and Urcuioli (2010) for pigeons might, in fact, be transitivity. In Experiment 1, pigeons learned symmetrically reinforced hue-form (A-B) and form-hue (B-A) successive matching. Those also trained on form-form (B-B) matching responded more to hue comparisons that matched their preceding samples on subsequent hue-hue (A-A) probe trials. By contrast, most pigeons trained on just A-B and B-A matching did not show this effect; but some did – a finding consistent with transitivity. Experiment 2 showed that the latter pigeons also responded more to form comparisons that matched their preceding …
Emergent Identity Matching After Successive Matching Training. I. Reflexivity Or Generalized Identity?, Peter J. Urcuioli
Emergent Identity Matching After Successive Matching Training. I. Reflexivity Or Generalized Identity?, Peter J. Urcuioli
Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications
This research investigated the source of an ostensible reflexivity effect in pigeons reported by Sweeney and Urcuioli (2010). In Experiment 1, pigeons learned two symmetrically reinforced symbolic successive matching tasks (hue-form and form-hue) using red-green and triangle-horizontal line stimuli. They differed in their third concurrently trained baseline task: form-form matching with stimuli appearing in the symbolic tasks (triangle and horizontal) for one group versus hue-hue matching with stimuli not appearing in the symbolic tasks (blue and white) for the other. During subsequent non-reinforced probe tests, all pigeons in the former group and most pigeons in the latter group responded more …
Reflexivity In Pigeons, Mary M. Sweeney, Peter J. Urcuioli
Reflexivity In Pigeons, Mary M. Sweeney, Peter J. Urcuioli
Department of Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications
A recent theory of pigeons’ equivalence-class formation (Urcuioli, 2008) predicts that reflexivity, an untrained ability to match a stimulus to itself, should be observed after training on two “mirror-image” symbolic successive matching tasks plus identity successive matching using some of the symbolic matching stimuli. One group of pigeons was trained in this fashion; a second group was trained similarly but with successive oddity (rather than identity). Subsequently, comparison-response rates on novel matching versus mismatching sequences with the remaining symbolic matching stimuli were measured on non-reinforced probe trials. Higher rates were observed on matching than on mismatching probes in the former …