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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
A Multimedia Intervention To Increase The Likelihood That University Students In Need Will Utilize Counseling Services, Todd W. Lindsley
A Multimedia Intervention To Increase The Likelihood That University Students In Need Will Utilize Counseling Services, Todd W. Lindsley
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The primary objective of this study was to create and test an intervention designed to increase students’ positive attitudes toward utilizing mental health services. A review of the literature was conducted to establish the guidelines for creating an intervention that would effectively influence attitudes while being relatively easy to customize and adapt to different settings. The content of the intervention was informed by the literature, reviewed by a panel of experts, and tested with a focus group of students before being finalized. In order to test the effectiveness of the intervention, and experimental study was designed which included an experimental …
Preventative Behavioral Parent Training In A Primary Care Context: Initial Evaluation Of A Universal Prevention Program For Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Jessica L. Malmberg
Preventative Behavioral Parent Training In A Primary Care Context: Initial Evaluation Of A Universal Prevention Program For Disruptive Behavior Disorders, Jessica L. Malmberg
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
One of the biggest challenges parents face is effectively managing their child’s engagement in various disruptive behaviors including noncompliance, tantrums, and aggression. Typically when children begin exhibiting disruptive behaviors, parents will express their concerns to their pediatricians; however, there are significant barriers to parents gaining adequate guidance due to clinic time constraints, insurance reimbursement issues, and the limited training pediatricians receive in addressing these concerns. As such, children are generally referred to outside mental health clinics where additional barriers arise including waitlist delays and mental health stigmatization. The treatment for conduct problems (CP) that has proven most effective is referred …
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Among Adolescents, Michelle R. Woidneck
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy For The Treatment Of Posttraumatic Stress Among Adolescents, Michelle R. Woidneck
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The prevalence of exposure to traumatic events among youth in the United States is alarmingly high. Trauma exposure has been linked to numerous negative outcomes, including the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and problematic posttraumatic stress symptomology. Effective trauma-focused treatments for children and adolescents have been identified; however, these treatments also possess various limitations, including a substantial number of individuals who do not respond, show minimal responsiveness, or drop out before completing treatment. Such limitations indicate that investigation into alternative treatment modalities is warranted.
In collaboration with Utah State University (USU), a psychology professor, Dr. Michael Twohig, and a …
Longitudinal Analysis Of Resource Competitiveness And Homelessness Among Young Adults, Mathew F. Prante
Longitudinal Analysis Of Resource Competitiveness And Homelessness Among Young Adults, Mathew F. Prante
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Homelessness occurs when individual resources are not enough for the demands of a given environment. It is not an arbitrary state of being, or a class of individual, it is a marker that signals a person has fallen to the extreme low end of a continuum of poverty. Perceiving homelessness as a point on a spectrum versus a discrete state, leads to research and explanations concerning how someone goes from being housed to being homeless, which can lead to more meaningful results than conceptualizing the homeless population as a class of people. It allows for the exploration of identification markers …
Characteristics Of 4-H Participants And Their Psychosocial Development, Lauralee Lyons
Characteristics Of 4-H Participants And Their Psychosocial Development, Lauralee Lyons
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Volunteerism is an important component in the 4-H program. It was initially used as a method to help agents reach the many youth interested in participating in 4-H. Community service has since become a required component for every club project. Research shows that volunteering can impact youth in many different ways. Other research shows that 4-H youth are more likely to contribute or do some type of community service.
The present study uses the Modified Extended Version of the Object Measure of Ego Identity Status (EOMEIS), the Cognitive Autonomy and Self-Evaluation (CASE) inventory, and an instrument specifically designed to study …
Raising Daughters To Become Leaders, Susan R. Madsen
Raising Daughters To Become Leaders, Susan R. Madsen
Susan R. Madsen
The purpose of this six-minute message is to share, in an engaging way, some key highlights from a variety of studies on how high profile women were raised to become leaders. It will focus on what influencers (e.g., parents, siblings, and relatives) did to rear their daughters, granddaughters, nieces, etc. to become the influential women they are today.
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption At Bear River Charter School; A Demand Curve Analysis, Mckelle Tobey
Fruit And Vegetable Consumption At Bear River Charter School; A Demand Curve Analysis, Mckelle Tobey
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
Many variables contribute to the rising prevalence of children being overweight and obese, one being poor nutrition and the lack of a balanced diet. Proper nutrition helps children to grow and develop normally, as well as lowers the risk of developing chronic problems such as cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and certain cancers later in life. Conducted alongside an applied behavioral intervention to increase consumption of fruits and vegetables, a behavioral economic evaluation of demand curves was administered to students in the fifth through eighth grades. Findings suggest that the intervention had no significant effect on the elasticity of the …
Personality; A Deciding Factor In Leadership, Gordon Hoffman
Personality; A Deciding Factor In Leadership, Gordon Hoffman
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
The goal of the proposed study is to assess whether particular personality styles of leaders relate to both their management style and degree of perceived work success of the individuals they help guide or direct. The basic question that underlies my hypotheses is: Does the personality style of the leader of a group affect the leadership style, group productivity, and group cooperation? I will be using the Big Five Inventory (John, Donahue, & Kentle 1991) and the Student Leadership Practices Inventory (SLPI) (Kouzes & Posner, 2006a; Kouzes & Posner, 2006b) to measure these constructs. Using a Repeated Measures ANOVA on …
Token Reinforcement And Resistance To Change, Eric A. Thrailkill
Token Reinforcement And Resistance To Change, Eric A. Thrailkill
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Interventions based on a token economy effectively reduce problematic behavior. Yet, treatment gains deteriorate once an intervention is discontinued. It is important to better understand the persistence of behavior maintained by token reinforcement in simple experimental procedures. A Pavlovian association with primary reinforcement is said to endow neutral stimuli (e.g., coins, poker chips, lights, signs, stickers, etc.) with their own function to strengthen behavior as conditioned reinforcers. Behavioral momentum theory suggests that resistance to change under conditions of disruption is the appropriate measure of response strength. However, some animal studies have suggested that conditioned reinforcement may not affect resistance to …
The Role Of Psychological Flexibility In Eating Disorders In A Residential Treatment Sample, Phillip Ryan Mitchell
The Role Of Psychological Flexibility In Eating Disorders In A Residential Treatment Sample, Phillip Ryan Mitchell
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified) have a dramatic effect on the lives of people who struggle with them. Individuals struggling with these diagnoses often suffer from cardiovascular problems, hormonal irregularities, and gastrointestinal issues, such as wearing away of the esophageal lining. The biggest concern to clinicians is mortality resulting from physical complications related to an eating disorder or suicide. There is a growing body of research that attempts to describe the cognitive and emotional aspects of these diagnoses. Research has illustrated how suppressing emotions and thoughts, or avoiding situations that may make these …
Predictors Of Father-Child And Mother-Child Attachment In Two-Parent Families, Jared P. Benware
Predictors Of Father-Child And Mother-Child Attachment In Two-Parent Families, Jared P. Benware
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Jared Benware, M.S. and Gretchen Gimpel Peacock, Ph.D. at Utah State University examined parent-child attachment in two-parent families. Specifically, the relationship between mother-child and father-child attachment, the relationship between a child's temperament and parent-child attachment, and the relationship between the attachment and the amounts of time a parent spends away from his or her child. The researchers solicited parents as participants to complete questionnaires that measure parent-child attachment and the temperament of their child. This study focused especially on providing more information on the connection between father-child attachment and mother-child attachment rather than focusing only on mothers as the primary …
Increasing Psychological Flexibility Regarding Interpersonal Conflict Between Religious Beliefs And Attitudes Towards Sexual Minorities: An Acceptance And Commitment Therapy (Act) Intervention, Cory John Myler
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study was designed to facilitate the development and assessment of a group therapeutic intervention for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and questioning individuals. Previous research has established that this population is particularly vulnerable to psychological distress and that religiosity contributes to this vulnerability, but there have been no interventions established specifically for the population of sexual minorities who are experiencing religious conflict. The components of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy were used to inform the development of a group intervention, which was then carried out. An assessment battery of numerous quantitative measures was given to participants before and after the intervention to …
The Relation Between Parenting Beliefs, Behaviors, And Acculturation On The Social Skills Of Prekindergarten Hispanic Children, Peter C. Winstead
The Relation Between Parenting Beliefs, Behaviors, And Acculturation On The Social Skills Of Prekindergarten Hispanic Children, Peter C. Winstead
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Research related to the importance of social skills in children shows that they are important to children's development and performance in school. Research on problem behaviors in children, such as bullying, have been shown to be related to negative outcomes later in life for children such as lower performance in school, and juvenile and adult criminal behavior. What parents believe and how they act on those beliefs have been found to be related to fewer problem behaviors, and to higher social skills in children. However, the research we have has focused on the parenting behaviors and social outcomes in children …
Perceptions Of Interethnic Dating Among College Students, Elisaida Méndez
Perceptions Of Interethnic Dating Among College Students, Elisaida Méndez
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The Department of Psychology at Utah State University proposed to examine the intersection of demographic variables. This phenomenon was studied in the context of power differential in relationships under the framework of social exchange theory and a racial hierarchy. The study examined the role of ethnicity, income, and gender in status and power balances in the perception of success of dating relationships. Social exchange theory explains the exchange of traits or resources in interpersonal relationships and relationship formation and based on a racial or ethnic hierarchy, race or ethnicity is seemingly overlooked when considering other valued traits.
The Interethnic Couples …
An Evaluation Of A Computer-Based Training On The Visual Analysis Of Single-Subject Data, Katie Snyder
An Evaluation Of A Computer-Based Training On The Visual Analysis Of Single-Subject Data, Katie Snyder
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Federal education policies, such as No Child Left Behind and the Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act, mandate the use of scientifically-proven or research-based curricula and interventions. Presumably, interventions that have a large amount of scientific evidence documenting their success are more likely to be effective when implemented with students in school settings.
In special education, single-subject research is the predominant methodology used to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. In single-subject research, a target behavior is measured under baseline conditions (i.e., before the intervention of interest is implemented) and intervention conditions. The data for each condition are graphed, and analyzed …
The Influence Of Widowhood And Sociodemographic Moderators On Dementia And Alzheimer's Disease Risk, Daniel Joseph Hatch
The Influence Of Widowhood And Sociodemographic Moderators On Dementia And Alzheimer's Disease Risk, Daniel Joseph Hatch
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Dementia and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are dramatic public health problems. In recent years, researchers have uncovered evidence demonstrating that chronic stress can lead to these conditions. Because of this, researchers have also investigated whether widowhood, one of the most stressful life events, may also lead to dementia and AD. However, these studies are conflicting, and few have investigated whether the influence of widowhood on dementia and AD varies in different contexts associated with aging and widowhood. For instance, evidence suggests that widowhood may exert greater influence among males and among those with a history of depression. Other such contextual factors …
Mothers' And Fathers' Attachment Relationships With Children Who Have Disabilities, Sheila Lopez
Mothers' And Fathers' Attachment Relationships With Children Who Have Disabilities, Sheila Lopez
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Research has found that attachment relationships between parents and children are formed independent of each other and have different outcomes for the child. Very little research regarding parent-child attachment relationships has been done with children who have a disability. This study aimed to learn more about whether differences exist in attachment relationships between mothers and fathers and whether or not the child has a disability. Results indicate that fathers of children with a disability appear to have less secure attachments with their children compared to fathers of typically developing children as well as mothers of children with and without disabilities. …
Utility Of An Error Analysis And Performance Deficit Assessment For Selecting Brief Interventions To Increase Math Fluency, Aaron John Denison
Utility Of An Error Analysis And Performance Deficit Assessment For Selecting Brief Interventions To Increase Math Fluency, Aaron John Denison
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Children who struggle with math fluency are typically not provided with the appropriate motivation and instruction for their needs in the regular education classroom. Because of their lack of math fluency skills, these children can be negatively affected throughout their education and can continually fall further behind their peers. It is clear that children who struggle with math fluency should be provided with interventions specific to their needs in order to thrive in a school environment. Thus, it is critical that school psychologists and researchers develop effective strategies for children who are struggling with math fluency in order to help …
Concurrent Neurological And Behavioral Assessment Of Number Line Estimation Performance In Children And Adults, Joseph Michael Baker
Concurrent Neurological And Behavioral Assessment Of Number Line Estimation Performance In Children And Adults, Joseph Michael Baker
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Understanding the brain’s response to common math-learning activities may help improve math education. For example, by imaging the brains of typically developing children and adults throughout a number line estimation task, it is possible to establish a baseline of what “typical” brains do in such situations. Thus, comparisons may be made to determine the degree to which brain functioning differs between typical and atypical math learners. Moreover, by identifying methods that may increase the brain’s response to real-world math activities, it may be possible to improve the math learning process for typical and atypical learners alike.
Brain imaging devices such …
Attentional Factors In Temporal Distortion: The Effects Of Food Availability On Responses Within The Interval Bisection Task, Robert N. Johnson
Attentional Factors In Temporal Distortion: The Effects Of Food Availability On Responses Within The Interval Bisection Task, Robert N. Johnson
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Time estimation is a process that underlies many complex behaviors. Accurately timed performance depends upon some biological mechanism, which may be revealed by experimental methods. There have been several proposals on the subject of the function of the timing mechanism, some of which have revealed contradictory findings regarding the effect of distraction on timing. Whereas some studies have revealed underestimation (reports of time moving more slowly than it actually is) of the target interval following distracter presentation, others have revealed generalized disruption (no meaningful evidence of timing). The purpose of the present study was to determine whether food presentation for …
The Psychological And Physiological Effects Of Using A Therapy Dog In Mindfulness Training, Courtney L. Henry
The Psychological And Physiological Effects Of Using A Therapy Dog In Mindfulness Training, Courtney L. Henry
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
This study examined the psychological and physiological effects of adding animal-assisted therapy to a modified mindfulness-based stress reduction program (MBSR) for clients experiencing psychological distress, including anxious and depressive symptoms. State and trait mindfulness, state and trait anxiety, psychological distress, blood pressure, and heart rate were collected during each session of the intervention from college students recruited at Utah State University. Results support that participants experienced less anxiety and depressive symptoms and increased mindfulness skills from pre- to posttreatment. No significant difference was found between the control and experimental groups, indicating that that interaction with a therapy dog had no …
An Investigation Of Clinically Significant Change Among Clients Of A Doctoral Psychology Training Clinic, Kerry Kathleen Prout
An Investigation Of Clinically Significant Change Among Clients Of A Doctoral Psychology Training Clinic, Kerry Kathleen Prout
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
The current study sought to examine client outcome data for clients seen for outpatient psychotherapy services by graduate-level student therapists in doctoral psychology training clinics in order to better understand the change process occurring in such settings and to examine whether services being offered are meaningful for clients. One hundred ninety-nine clients seen by graduate-level therapists at a training clinic setting were assessed on a session-by-session basis using the Outcome Questionnaire-45 in order to identify the percentage of clients who met criteria for clinically significant change, reliable improvement, no change, or deterioration in outcomes across the course of treatment. Approximately …
A Comparison Of Resistance To Extinction Following Dynamic And Static Schedules Of Reinforcement, Andrew R. Craig
A Comparison Of Resistance To Extinction Following Dynamic And Static Schedules Of Reinforcement, Andrew R. Craig
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Behavioral momentum theory states that the Pavlovian stimulus-reinforcer relation governs resistance to extinction. Thus, higher baseline reinforcer rates should produce more persistent behavior than lower baseline reinforcer rates. Though this positive relation generally is observed when behavior is maintained and subsequently disrupted in multiple schedules, the opposite relation is observed when single schedules are used. An alternative framework of extinction performance based on Bayesian change detection may be applied intuitively to describe resistance to extinction in single schedules of reinforcement. This approach asserts that detection of changes in reinforcer rates during extinction should be easier following training with rich reinforcer …
Healthy Sexuality: Evaluating A Psychoeducational Group Promoting Knowledge, Communication, And Positive Experiences, Brenna M. Wernersbach
Healthy Sexuality: Evaluating A Psychoeducational Group Promoting Knowledge, Communication, And Positive Experiences, Brenna M. Wernersbach
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Although most people will have at least one sexual relationship throughout the course of their life, many of us have not developed the skills we need to create the sexual experiences that we really want. This is influenced by (among other things) our sexual knowledge, our attitudes and values about sex, our ability to communicate clearly and effectively with our partner(s), and our access to sexual and reproductive health services and products. Accurate knowledge, positive attitudes, and self-efficacy in communication and resource access are all contributing factors to what is known as healthy sexuality.
The present study examined these areas …
Numerical Quantity Estimation In The Elderly, With And Without Cognitive Impairment, Brett Bradley Campbell
Numerical Quantity Estimation In The Elderly, With And Without Cognitive Impairment, Brett Bradley Campbell
Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects
This study examined mental representation of numerical quantity in 25 elderly participants with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. An analogue number-line task has been used in research of mental representation of numerical quantity in children, but little of such research has been done in elderly populations. This research also examined the clinical utility of this number-line task as a diagnostic tool for dementia and cognitive impairment in old age.
Facebooking For Social Support: An Experimental Test Of Relational Regulation Theory, Odessia Knowles
Facebooking For Social Support: An Experimental Test Of Relational Regulation Theory, Odessia Knowles
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Transitioning to college can be difficult. While some individuals choose to attend a college that is local to their home, others move away from their family and friends to
attend their college of choice. This move adds additional stress to the already stressful nature of attending college. Research suggests that having social support can help with this additional stressor. However, individuals who move away from their family and friends may have difficulty receiving social support in their new, unfamiliar environment.
Facebook is a well-known, widely used form of social media with a significant number of users worldwide. College students spend …
An Analysis Of Auditory Stimulus Generalization Gradients In Children With Autism Following Two Different Training Procedures, Steven N. Corry
An Analysis Of Auditory Stimulus Generalization Gradients In Children With Autism Following Two Different Training Procedures, Steven N. Corry
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Previous research suggests learning of children with autism often fails to successfully generalize across changes in settings and stimuli. Much of this research has assessed generalization by first teaching a behavior in one context and then measuring the transfer of the behavior to extra-treatment stimuli and settings. The present study measured generalization of learned behavior by systematically varying the tone of an auditory stimulus present during training to obtain generalization gradients. Generalization gradients are graphical representations of the strength of a response produced by stimuli that vary from the training stimulus along some stimulus dimension. By obtaining generalization gradients, this …
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy As A Treatment For Scrupulosity In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, John P. Dehlin, Kate L. Morrison, Michael P. Twohig
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy As A Treatment For Scrupulosity In Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, John P. Dehlin, Kate L. Morrison, Michael P. Twohig
Psychology Faculty Publications
This study evaluated acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for scrupulosity-based obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Five adults were treated with eight sessions of ACT, without in-session exposure, in a multiple baseline across participants design. Daily monitoring of compulsions and avoided valued activities were tracked throughout the study. The Obsessive Compulsive Inventory–Revised, Yale–Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Penn Inventory of Scrupulosity, Beck Depression Inventory–II, Quality of Life Scale, Santa Clara Strength of Religious Faith Questionnaire, and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire–II were completed at pretreatment, posttreatment, and 3-month follow-up. The Treatment Evaluation Inventory was completed at posttreatment. Average daily compulsions reduced as …