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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Fox Urine As An Aversive Stimulus:, Valeri Farmer-Dougan, Seshanand Chandrashekar, David Stutzman, Kari Bradham, James Dougan
Fox Urine As An Aversive Stimulus:, Valeri Farmer-Dougan, Seshanand Chandrashekar, David Stutzman, Kari Bradham, James Dougan
James Dougan
Predator urine, specillcally fox urine, is a noxious but harmless olfactory stimulus. The results of previous studies have shown that fox urine is aversive to rats, and that rats react to fox urine in a similar manner as to other psychostressors. In the present study, the authors further investigated the use of fox urine as an aversive or stressful stimulus, specillcally examining behavior change in open-field place-preference task. Three methods of presenting the fox urine were examined. Results indicated thai fox urine decreased behavior, especially locomotion, during both fox-urine presentation and during a post-fox-urine recovery session. Data suggested that (a) …
Behavioral Contrast In A Group Foraging Paradigm, James Dougan, Valeri Farmer-Dougan
Behavioral Contrast In A Group Foraging Paradigm, James Dougan, Valeri Farmer-Dougan
James Dougan
Two experiments examined multiple schedule behavioral contrast in a group foraging paradigm. Groups of five rats foraged simultaneously in a large open field apparatus with two feeding stations. Food pellets were delivered at each of the feeding stations on multiple Variable Time schedules. As predicted by both the matching law and the ideal free distribution, the relative distribution of behavior between the two feeding stations roughly matched the relative rate of food delivery at the feeding stations. These differences were reflected in both the behavior of individual animals and in the behavior of the group. Positive behavioral contrast was found …