Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Comparing Newspaper Coverage Of Climate Change During Election Campaigns In The United States, Canada And Australia, Dan Rowe

Mass Communications - Dissertations

This study compares newspaper coverage of climate change and global warming during the national elections in Australia, Canada and the U.S. during 2007 and 2008. Using a census of newspaper coverage and in-depth interviews with reporters, editors and columnists in the three countries, the study confirmed the findings of earlier studies that the political agenda shapes the news agenda when it comes to climate change coverage. However, the study did find that coverage of general climate change stories continued during the election campaign periods in the three countries. Reporters who cover either politics or environmental issues or both found it …

Utilization Of The New York State Division Of Human Rights, Sarah Turney

Honors Capstone Projects - All

There is a general disconnect between the services the New York State government offers and their utilization. This paper focuses on the New York State Division of Human Rights. The New York State Division of Human Rights purpose is to enforce the Human Rights Law through investigations into complaints of discrimination based on the protected classes. For the purposes of this paper, only employment discrimination will be discussed.

This paper argues the lack of utilization of these services arises from the lack of resident awareness of these services. Moreover, this paper argues that implementing practical government lesson plans into the …

Micropolitical Opportunity Structure In Burma, Nicole Loring

Honors Capstone Projects - All

This paper looks to answer the question: Why do citizens in Burma continue challenging the military regime through peaceful social movements despite of the threat of violent oppression? I set out to examine Burma as an anomaly in political opportunity structure theory. Political opportunity structure influences the type of political action most likely to take place within a regime by affecting which political claims are possible. At first, Burma appears to be a low-democracy, low-capacity regime, which should host civil wars. However, in Burma’s cities, peaceful social movements continue to take place. My capstone seeks to explain this problem.

In …

Vol. 5 No. 1, Moynihan Europe Research Centers, Spring 2011, Moynihan European Research Centers

Newsletters from Moynihan European Research Centers

Panel Discussion on the German Unification -- EU graduate simulation -- High School Social Studies seminar -- MERC outreach project -- Atlantis dual degree program -- Global Europe -- Certificate of Advanced Study in the EU and Contemporary Europe

Cocina Peruana Para El Mundo: Gastrodiplomacy, The Culinary Nation Brand, And The Context Of National Cuisine In Peru, Rachel Wilson

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Gastrodiplomacy, or the use of food in the construction of a nation brand, is one of many tools that a government can employ in its broader strategy of cultural diplomacy. The idea of pleasing the global palate while at the same time improving a country's image lies at the core of any culinary diplomacy initiative, and the case of Peru is no exception. By utilizing the promotional campaign "Cocina peruana para el mundo" ("Peruvian cuisine for the World"), the Peruvian government is attempting to construct a national brand centered on its cuisine. This paper investigates the specific context of the …

The Power Of Culture In Diplomacy: The Case Of U.S. Cultural Diplomacy In France And Germany, Sofia Kitsou

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Cultural diplomacy represents a facet of diplomacy that has not been utilized completely in building better diplomatic relations and, although it could serve as a linking bridge toward better relations, it has been underestimated, if not neglected. Foreign positive perceptions of the United States declined considerably especially during the George W. Bush administration, as a result of various actions taken by the United States in the international arena that were unpopular. Anti-Americanism reached its peak in Europe because of the unilateral decision to proceed with the war in Iraq while the transatlantic rift between traditional partners such as the United …

Beyond The Nation Brand:The Role Of Image And Identity In International Relations, Simon Anholt

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

Although the term "nation branding" is frequently associated with the act of creating favorable images of countries through marketing communications, little evidence suggests this is possible. This paper discusses how the "nation brand" can really be enhanced through strategy, substance, and symbolic actions. Country examples such as South Korea are used to discuss issues in branding, including reputation management, corporate social responsibility (CSR), and sovereignty.

Public Diplomacy Following 9/11: The Saudi Peace Initiative And “Allies” Media Campaign, Candace R. Burnham

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

From 2001 to 2004, Saudi Arabia engaged in a variety of Public Diplomacy and Public Relations efforts to improve their image in the United States. This paper examines two such efforts, as well as their effectiveness.

Book Review: The Practice Of Public Diplomacy – Confronting Challenges Abroad, Michael Schneider

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The Practice of Public Diplomacy – Confronting Challenges Abroad, a compilation of essays by public diplomacy students at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, presents several key themes concerned about the field of public diplomacy. Edited by Amb. William Rugh, the book analyzes public diplomacy initiatives conducted throughout the world.

From Donorship To Ownership? Evolving Donor-Government Relationships In Rwanda, Haley Swedlund

Political Science - Dissertations

Over the course of the last decade there has been an increasing emphasis on recipient-country ownership, or the "effective exercise of a government's authority over development policies and activities, including those that rely...on external resources" (OECD 2007), within the international development community. This new emphasis is not only rhetorical but has resulted in a host of new aid programs promising increased ownership. Broadly speaking, these aid programs are supposed to change the institutional relationships between donors and recipient-country governments and allow aid beneficiaries to have a say over the development policies that impact their daily lives. However, despite their prevalence, …

A More Global Court? Judicial Transnationalism And The U.S. Supreme Court, Angela G. Narasimhan

Political Science - Dissertations

For many decades, Supreme Court justices and legal scholars have argued over the validity of different tools in constitutional interpretation, including social science data, public opinion and, most recently, laws and standards of decency from abroad. Although several of those currently on the bench maintain that foreign laws have no place in American constitutional adjudication, the larger universe in which their institution operates has become increasingly transnational since the end of the Cold War. The term judicial transnationalism has been coined to describe this phenomenon, characterized by unprecedented levels of interaction and exchange between foreign courts and legal activists. This …

Leadership Style And Diversionary Theory Of Foreign Policy: The Use Of Diversionary Strategies By Middle Eastern Leaders During And In The Immediate Aftermath Of The Gulf War, Kilic Bugra Kanat

Political Science - Dissertations

In this dissertation, I address some limitations of the literature on the diversionary theory of war through some significant revisions. My revisions are intended to extend the scope and expand the content of the literature in order to transform the theory from a theory of war to a foreign policy theory. In addition, I try to contribute to the theoretical development of the literature by bringing the leader back into the diversionary theory and incorporating it into the current literature on foreign policy leadership studies. The dissertation focuses on Middle Eastern leaders who used diversionary strategies during the First Gulf …

A Review Of "Islam Without Extremes: A Muslim Case For Liberty", Fethi Keles

Anthropology - All Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Changing Tunes For Public Diplomacy: Exploring The Domestic Dimension, Ellen Huijgh

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The era where public diplomacy could turn its back on its domestic public and look solely towards the international stage has ended. Even so, the clash of opinion continues over whether public diplomacy ought to include a domestic dimension. The paper aims to explore this understudied facet of public diplomacy while drawing attention to issues pertinent to further research. It argues that despite the challenges of breaking with conventional mindsets, moving beyond “new” public diplomacy requires a more holistic approach to public engagement in foreign policy.

Transnational Ngos: A Us Perspective, George E. Mitchell

Political Science - Dissertations

This study examines how leaders of transnational NGOs (TNGOs) across the United States understand transnational activism and the roles their organizations play in world affairs. Three roles are identified: alleviation, realization and environmentalism. Analysis suggests that scholarship in international relations focuses disproportionately on the least common and least resourceful types of TNGOs and routinely mischaracterizes a small number of highly visible organizations as exemplary. Leaders' perspectives on organizational mission, activities, autonomy, collaboration, effectiveness and obstacles reveal that the most numerous and resourceful TNGOs are technocratic agencies favoring a materialistic, ameliorative approach to transnational activism. Moreover, to the extent that TNGOs …

The Effects Of Settlement Policy On Refugee Political Activism: Sudanese Refugees In Australia And The Us, Hannah Allerdice

Political Science - Dissertations

South Sudanese refugees are strongly motivated to effect change in South Sudan. After resettlement to the US, this motivation has resulted in much transnational political activism on their part. In Australia, Sudanese refugees have concentrated primarily on domestic political and social integration. Why? In this project I examine the possible causes of this difference, including the institutions, the policies, and the agents who implement settlement programs. I argue that refugee settlement policies of host countries directly shape the political activities of their refugees. When a host country provides assistance to integrate refugees, the government's policies and the individuals who implement …

Does Deliberation Make Better Citizens? Examining The Case Of Community Conflict Mediation, Heather Pincock

Political Science - Dissertations

In this dissertation, I explore the educative effects of deliberation through interviews and observation at two community mediation organizations in Toronto. Theorists have long claimed that participation in deliberation can change the skills and dispositions of participants in ways that make them better citizens. Despite the normative work such claims perform in justifications for participatory and deliberative democracy, they remain theoretically and empirically underscrutinized. I seek to address this by developing empirically grounded insights about the educative potential that can realistically be attributed to deliberative processes. I argue that educative claims can best be examined when parsed into three categories …

Treatment As A Common Good: Adopting Hiv/Aids Policy In Russia And South Africa, 1999-2008, Vladislav Kravtsov

Political Science - Dissertations

The goal of this dissertation is to increase our understanding of domestic policy responses to initiatives and expertise as provided by international health organizations. Although following international recommendations often improves domestic public health, in certain circumstances resistance to adopting them persists. My core theoretical argument suggests that a strong societal agreement about what constitutes the "common good" served by state (e.g., "social purpose") informs how domestic policy-makers evaluate the benefits of adopting international recommendations. This agreement also affects how governments frame the provision of treatment, decide which subpopulations should benefit from the consumption of public good, and choose their partners …

Taxes, Welfare And Democratic Discourse: Mainstream Media Coverage And The Rise Of The American New Right, Matt Guardino

Political Science - Dissertations

Research demonstrates that news media can shape mass opinion on specific public policy issues in politically consequential ways. However, systematic and critical empirical analysis of the ideological diversity of such news coverage is rare. Scholars have also illuminated how and why U.S. economic and social welfare policy has shifted rightward in recent decades, but they have failed to consider media's role in shaping public opinion to democratically legitimate this major reorientation of political economy to favor business and upper-income constituencies. I combine neo-Gramscian theorizations of hegemony, popular common sense and articulation with social scientific research on framing, priming and psychological …

Searching For Influence And Persuasion In Network-Oriented Public Diplomacy: What Role For “Small States”?, Ivaylo Iaydjiev

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The discipline of public diplomacy has recently given rise to the concept of network-oriented public diplomacy. The purpose of the essay is twofold: first, to explore the idea and the underlying assumptions of this "new" public diplomacy; second, to ask whether public diplomacy could be an effective tool for "small states" since most of the scholarship is written from the viewpoint of a great power. To this end, this work is proceeding in three main parts: First, the notion of network-oriented diplomacy is examined by contrasting it to traditional diplomacy and traditional public diplomacy. Second, the essay demonstrates how the …

Stretching The Parameters Of Diplomatic Protocol: Incursion Into Public Diplomacy, Shahidul Alam

Exchange: The Journal of Public Diplomacy

The end of the Cold War saw the United States retrenching its public diplomacy program. However, as the sole remaining superpower, it saw the opportunity to spread its values and ideals – particularly those of liberal democracy, human rights, and the free market economy – to those countries that were lacking in them. Paradoxically, intense public diplomacy efforts were required in pursuit of that objective. Traditional diplomats then began to take on public diplomacy functions, but, in so doing, often violated Article 41 of the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations. They were mostly from the United States, while the …