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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Empirical Sampling From Permutation Space With Unique Patterns, Justice I. Odiase
Empirical Sampling From Permutation Space With Unique Patterns, Justice I. Odiase
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
The exact distribution of a test statistic ultimately guarantees that the probability of a Type I error is exactly α. Several methods for estimating the exact distribution of a test statistic have evolved over the years with inherent computational problems and varying degrees of accuracy. The unique pattern of permutations resulting from using experimental data to sample within the permutation space without the risk of repeating permutations is identified. The method presented circumvents the theoretical requirements of asymptotic procedures and the computational difficulties associated with an exhaustive enumeration of permutations. Results show that time and space complexities are drastically reduced …
A Maximum Test For The Analysis Of Ordered Categorical Data, Markus Neuhäeuser
A Maximum Test For The Analysis Of Ordered Categorical Data, Markus Neuhäeuser
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Different scoring schemes are possible when performing exact tests using scores on ordered categorical data. The standard scheme is based on integer scores, but non-integer scores were proposed to increase power (Ivanova & Berger, 2001). However, different non-integer scores exist and the question arises as to which of the non-integer schemes should be chosen. To solve this problem, a maximum test is proposed. To be precise, the maximum of the competing statistics is used as the new test statistic, rather than arbitrarily choosing one single test statistic.
A Socratic Dialogue, Vance W. Berger
A Socratic Dialogue, Vance W. Berger
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Socrates has found some aspects of medical biostatistics a bit confusing, and wishes to discuss some of these issues with Simplicio, a prominent medical researcher. This Socratic dialogue will shed some light on the errant use of parametric analyses in clinical trials.
Extensions Of The Concept Of Exchangeability And Their Applications, Phillip I. Good
Extensions Of The Concept Of Exchangeability And Their Applications, Phillip I. Good
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
Permutation tests provide exact p-values in a wide variety of practical testing situations. But permutation tests rely on the assumption of exchangeability, that is, under the hypothesis, the joint distribution of the observations is invariant under permutations of the subscripts. Observations are exchangeable if they are independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.), or if they are jointly normal with identical covariances. The range of applications of these exact, powerful, distribution-free tests can be enlarged through exchangeability- preserving transforms, asymptotic exchangeability, partial exchangeability, and weak exchangeability. Original exact tests for comparing the slopes of two regression lines and for the analysis of …
An Unconditional Exact Test For Small Samples Matched Binary Pairs, Robert A. Malkin
An Unconditional Exact Test For Small Samples Matched Binary Pairs, Robert A. Malkin
Journal of Modern Applied Statistical Methods
When investigators have N pairs of binary data, a common test for an increased rate of response is McNemar's test. However, McNemar's is an approximate, conditional test. An exact, unconditional test exists, but requires restrictive assumptions. Critical values and power tables are presented for an exact, unconditional test free of these assumptions.