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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Emergency Explosive Ordnance Risk Education: Lessons Learned From Ukraine, Nick Vovk
Emergency Explosive Ordnance Risk Education: Lessons Learned From Ukraine, Nick Vovk
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Following the Russian Federation military offensive launched on 24 February 2022, the context and extent of Ukraine’s explosive ordnance (EO) contamination drastically changed, leaving mine action (MA) operators with the need to provide emergency explosive ordnance risk education (EORE). Faced with scarce up-to-date guidance and good practices on the topic, the global EORE Advisory Group (AG)[1] produced a refreshed document to support implementation. In September 2023, the Danish Refugee Council (DRC) also surveyed the entire MA community in Ukraine and organized a joint lessons-learned workshop to review the past eighteen months of emergency EORE programming. The workshop addressed various …
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction, Cisr Jmu
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction, Cisr Jmu
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 27.3 (2023), Cisr Jmu
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 27.3 (2023), Cisr Jmu
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
No abstract provided.
Mag Emergency Response: Digital Explosive Ordnance Risk Education In Somalia, Robin Toal
Mag Emergency Response: Digital Explosive Ordnance Risk Education In Somalia, Robin Toal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
On 9 June 2023, a tragic accident involving unexploded ordnance (UXO) in Qoryoley town in the Lower Shabelle region of Somalia claimed the lives of twenty-seven civilians, including twenty-two children, and left fifty-three others injured. The tragedy was caused when several young children discovered a mortar round on the ground in an open playing field that they started to play with and consequently exploded. In response to the accident, Mines Advisory Group (MAG) mobilized both headquarters and Somalia based staff to develop a rapid response digital explosive ordnance risk education campaign (DEORE) using paid adverts targeting Meta (Facebook & Instagram) …
The Time Has Come For Digital Explosive Ordnance Risk Education, Robin Toal
The Time Has Come For Digital Explosive Ordnance Risk Education, Robin Toal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The increase in the number of civilian casualties from landmines and other explosive ordnance (EO) in recent years has driven the demand for new and innovative ways to provide communities with risk education. Additionally, with access limited by the COVID-19 pandemic, humanitarian organizations like MAG (Mines Advisory Group) have had to adapt their approach, focusing on digital explosive ordnance risk education (EORE) to reach individuals and communities affected by EO.
Tailoring Explosive Ordnance Risk Education: How Mag Addresses Gender/Cultural Sensitivities And Local Risk-Taking Behavior, Sebastian Kasack
Tailoring Explosive Ordnance Risk Education: How Mag Addresses Gender/Cultural Sensitivities And Local Risk-Taking Behavior, Sebastian Kasack
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The relevance of risk education is widely acknowledged as reflected in the Oslo Action Plan (OAP) with its distinct chapter on ‘Mine risk education and reduction’ and five explicit actions. Good risk education must be tailored. MAG’s experience delivering explosive ordnance risk education (EORE) in four-teen countries confirms the relevance of tailoring EORE to the local reality: to people’s risk taking behaviors, to the actual explosive ordnance (EO) threat, to seasonality, availability of people for risk education sessions, and approaches that re-spect gender and diversity and take conflict sensitivity into account.
Hidden Crisis In Borno State, Sean Sutton
Hidden Crisis In Borno State, Sean Sutton
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
At the end of 2019, Nigeria reported a significant increase of landmine, explosive remnants of war (ERW), and improvised explosive device (IED) contamination in its states. In 2019 alone, a total of 239 known mine casualties were recorded in Nigeria. Although the exact amount of contamination in Nigeria today is unknown, the Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor asserts that Borno is the most heavily affected state in the country. Due to mounting mine contamination and increasing pressure from non-state armed groups (NSAG), internally displaced persons (IDPs) and communities are unable to safely return to the region. Extensive landmine use by …
Barrier Analysis And Explosive Ordnance Risk Education, Kim Fletcher, India Mcgrath
Barrier Analysis And Explosive Ordnance Risk Education, Kim Fletcher, India Mcgrath
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In early 2020, The HALO Trust (HALO) in partnership with Al Ghad conducted a "barrier analysis" with youth in Mosul, Iraq to determine the constraints they faced in adopting safer behaviors related to explosive ordnance (EO). Through the barrier analysis, HALO and Al Ghad found that youth with lower perceived self-efficacy, beliefs that an EO accident would not likely result in severe consequences, and friends who encouraged unsafe behaviors were all more likely to engage in less safe behaviors than their counterparts were. The findings enabled HALO and Al Ghad to tailor their EORE messaging to these barriers in an …
Linking Mine Action And Development: The Case Of Komyshuvakha, Nick Vovk
Linking Mine Action And Development: The Case Of Komyshuvakha, Nick Vovk
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The protracted crisis in Ukraine raises many developmental, humanitarian, and mine action challenges, and while these are interconnected, the response to them continues to be dichotomous. In part perpetuated by donor preferences and reinforced by technical specialty, humanitarian mine action (HMA) organizations often run parallel to the rest, leaving much of the potential for integration untapped. At the onset of the conflict in 2014, Danish Refugee Council-Danish Demining Group (DRC-DDG) returned to Ukraine and became the first international nongovernmental organization (INGO) to initiate a response to the acute need for HMA in its eastern regions. Throughout, DRC-DDG has been leveraging …
Explosive Ordnance Risk Education In Ukraine During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Anonymous N/A
Explosive Ordnance Risk Education In Ukraine During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Anonymous N/A
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
All modern conflicts bring dangers of explosive remnants of war (ERW), including unexploded ordnance (UXO), abandoned explosive ordnance (AXO), improvised explosive devices (IEDs), and/or landmines, and the conflict in eastern Ukraine is no exception. While the conflict is still ongoing, it is currently in a state of relative stalemate, limited to shelling, sniper fire, and small skirmishes along the 280-mile line of contact.¹ However, civilians are still directly at risk as a result of military actions but also indirectly as a result of ERW and landmines, which are scattered across the region due to the frequent shifting of the line …
Saving Lives In Eastern Ukraine: Alternative Eore Approaches, Anonymous N/A
Saving Lives In Eastern Ukraine: Alternative Eore Approaches, Anonymous N/A
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Armed conflict has been ongoing in the east of Ukraine since 2014 and continues to have a fundamentally devastating impact on children, women, and men. With continuing hostilities and the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbating the dire humanitarian situation in the region, 3.4 million people are projected to be in need of humanitarian assistance in 2021. The elderly, persons with disabilities, female-headed households, and children are among the most vulnerable. Additionally, the large-scale population displacement from government and nongovernment controlled areas (GCA and NGCA respectively) of Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts, separated by the 427-km-long contact line, remains one of the highest concerns.
Explosive Ordnance Victims And Risk Education: Lessons Learned From Colombia 2012-2019, Salomé Valencia, Angela Desantis, Matt Wilson, Sebastián Tovar Jaramillo, Angela Patricia Cortés Sánchez, Ana Jaquelin Jaimes Alfonso
Explosive Ordnance Victims And Risk Education: Lessons Learned From Colombia 2012-2019, Salomé Valencia, Angela Desantis, Matt Wilson, Sebastián Tovar Jaramillo, Angela Patricia Cortés Sánchez, Ana Jaquelin Jaimes Alfonso
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Colombia, the use of anti-personnel mines is the result of more than sixty years of armed conflict. The Office of the High Commissioner for Peace - Descontamina Colombia (OACP-DC), the current national mine action authority in Colombia, recorded 11,828 explosive ordnance (EO) victims between 1985 and 2019. Furthermore, Colombia is one of nine countries where new anti-personnel mines are still being emplaced by non-state armed groups, which presents a challenge for the mine action sector. The aim of explosive ordnance risk education (EORE) is to reduce the risk of accidents by raising awareness and promoting safe behavior among EO-affected …
Community-Based Inclusive Development: Integrating Survivors Into A Broader Victim Assistance System, Bernard Franck, Donna Koolmees, Sarah French
Community-Based Inclusive Development: Integrating Survivors Into A Broader Victim Assistance System, Bernard Franck, Donna Koolmees, Sarah French
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
During the Vietnam War, an estimated 580,000 or more bombing missions were carried out over Laos, dropping two million tons of ordnance across the country.1 This contaminated Laos with approximately 80 million items of unexploded ordnance (UXO),2 including ‘big bombs,’ cluster munition and sub-munition bomblets, grenades, rockets, and other types of ammunition.3 There also remain an unknown number of landmines across the country which are further remnants of the war. Today, fifteen out of eighteen provinces and approximately 25 percent of villages are still affected.4 Between 1964 and 2017, 50,754 people were killed or injured as …
A Twenty-Minute Walk Through Fallujah: Using Virtual Reality To Raise Awareness About Ieds In Iraq, Sandra Bialystok
A Twenty-Minute Walk Through Fallujah: Using Virtual Reality To Raise Awareness About Ieds In Iraq, Sandra Bialystok
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In January 2018, filmmakers from the studio NowHere Media travelled to Fallujah, Iraq, with the objective of creating a virtual reality (VR) experience to explain how improvised explosive devices (IEDs) are impacting people’s safe return home. In just a few days, they met dozens of people, all of whom had stories to tell. And then they met Ahmaeid—an Iraqi father who had returned home with his family about a year earlier. Ahmaied told them about the tragic accident that had happened just a few months prior when his two older sons entered a neighbor's home to collect wood and set …
Augmented And Virtual Reality For Hma Eod Training, Allen Dodgson Tan
Augmented And Virtual Reality For Hma Eod Training, Allen Dodgson Tan
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
At the Golden West Design Lab in Phnom Penh, Cambodia, our team has been working on applying virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies to explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) for approximately three years with the support of the Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement in the U.S. State Department’s Bureau of Political-Military Affairs (PM/WRA). This work grew from our success with the Advanced Ordnance Training Materials (AOTM) program, which produces detailed and functioning training aids of ordnance fuzes using 3D printing technology. The AOTM products were able to provide new capabilities to training in programs across the world, and we …
Game-Based Learning: An Innovative And Scalable Approach To Mine Risk Education, Ta Thi Hai Yen
Game-Based Learning: An Innovative And Scalable Approach To Mine Risk Education, Ta Thi Hai Yen
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
More than 40 years after the war, Vietnam remains highly contaminated with 800,000 tons1 of landmines and unexploded ordnance (UXO) such as artillery shells, bombs, missiles, and mortars contaminating 6.1 million hectares of land. According to the Landmine & Cluster Munition Monitor, landmines and UXO were the cause of 129 deaths and 241 injuries between 2008 and 2017.2 Survey findings show that children are one of the most high-risk groups in many provinces in Vietnam, including in heavily-affected provinces such as Quang Tri, Quang Binh, Binh Dinh, and Quang Nam.3 Since the end of the war, …
Epidemiological Study Of Landmines/ Erw Accidents And Victims In Kachin, Kayah, And Shan States, Burma, Julien Zwang, Pascal Simon
Epidemiological Study Of Landmines/ Erw Accidents And Victims In Kachin, Kayah, And Shan States, Burma, Julien Zwang, Pascal Simon
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In Burma, there is no systematic and organized victim information system (VIS) of landmine and explosive remnants of war (ERW) victims, and few studies have been conducted on the topic, in particular in Kachin, Kayah, and Northern Shan States (NSS), where most of the accidents have recently occurred. Between 2015 and 2016, casualty reports compiled by the Mine Risk Working Group (MRWG) chaired by the Department of Social Welfare (DSW) showed that the number of mine/ERW victims increased by 58% in the country, particularly in Kachin and Shan States, while the number of victims decreased in Kayin State. Documenting victims’ …
Addressing The Explosive Hazard Threat In Northern Syria: Risk Education On Landmines, Uxo, Booby Traps, And Ieds, Louise Skilling, Marysia Zapasnik
Addressing The Explosive Hazard Threat In Northern Syria: Risk Education On Landmines, Uxo, Booby Traps, And Ieds, Louise Skilling, Marysia Zapasnik
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Explosive hazards pose a great threat to civilians in Syria. A rapid return of displaced people usually occurs as soon as an area is declared newly taken. During this period, there is limited medical and explosive clearance capacity although there are high risks from explosive hazards, including booby traps and improvised explosive devices (IED) specifically targeting civilians in their homes. This article focuses on addressing the threat of explosive hazards in northern Syria and draws on risk education material designed by humanitarian mine action
Explosive Remnants Of War: A Deadly Threat To Refugees, Ken Rutherford, Andrew Cooney
Explosive Remnants Of War: A Deadly Threat To Refugees, Ken Rutherford, Andrew Cooney
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The deadly legacy of explosive remnants of war (ERW), including landmines, improvised explosive devices (IED) and unexploded ordnance (UXO) is increasingly a threat to refugee populations, economic migrants and internally displaced persons (IDP) in countries throughout Africa, Europe, the Middle East and Southeast Asia.
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 20.1 (2016), Cisr Journal
The Journal Of Conventional Weapons Destruction Issue 20.1 (2016), Cisr Journal
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Best Practices in CWD | Spotlight on Eastern Europe and the Caucasus | Notes from the Field | Research & Development
Provision Of Emergency Risk Education To Idps And Returnees In Ukraine, Abigail Jones, Edward Crowther
Provision Of Emergency Risk Education To Idps And Returnees In Ukraine, Abigail Jones, Edward Crowther
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
While no official survey of the landmine/explosive remnants of war (ERW) situation has been carried out in Ukraine, the humanitarian impact is significant. Mines and booby traps strategically block access to essential infrastructure as well as to forested areas where people gather wood to heat their homes. Important infrastructure across the Donbas region, one of Europe’s most heavily industrialized areas, is contaminated, slowing repairs and reconstruction around power stations and water-treatment facilities, and seriously affecting the local population. Similarly, cluster munition use in urban and rural areas blocks access to family allotments and farms.
“We Love Life!”: A Novel Approach To Explosive Remnants Of War, Kamel Sa'adi
“We Love Life!”: A Novel Approach To Explosive Remnants Of War, Kamel Sa'adi
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In 2009 a team of nongovernmental organizations, academics and artists secured grant funding from the U.S. Department of State to use theater as a delivery method for mine-risk education. As a result, more than 7,000 Jordanian children have seen the highly successful stage play “We Love Life.”
Oas—Aicma And Mine-Risk Education In Nicaragua, José Ramón Zepeda
Oas—Aicma And Mine-Risk Education In Nicaragua, José Ramón Zepeda
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
From 1979 to 1990, a violent internal conflict ravaged Nicaragua, leaving the country contaminated with landmines and unexploded ordnance. To help minimize the number of victims within the country, the Organization of American States’ mine-action program, Acción Integral contra las Minas Antipersonal, has been working with mine-risk education campaigns to help educate and inform communities about landmines and UXO.
Mine-Risk Education In Mine Action: How Is It Effective?, Sharif Baaser, Hugues Laurenge, Eric Filippino
Mine-Risk Education In Mine Action: How Is It Effective?, Sharif Baaser, Hugues Laurenge, Eric Filippino
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
While mine-risk education has faced questions about its effectiveness, it has been an important part of mine action for the past 20 years. As mine action continues to evolve, so does MRE and the ways in which it operates and works with at-risk communities. Continued success in many different countries has shown the effectiveness of MRE and the necessity of the discipline.
The Role Of Education On Awareness Of Ammunition-Dismantling Risks, Brunilda Zenelaga
The Role Of Education On Awareness Of Ammunition-Dismantling Risks, Brunilda Zenelaga
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The blasts from an ammunition dismantling factory in Gërdec, Albania, an accident caused by untrained employees at the facility, resulted in deaths and injuries and damaged homes for factory workers and nearby villagers in March 2008. This article suggests that training employers and workers to follow necessary safety procedures, as well as raising village awareness of the dangers of these ammunitions facilities, will help prevent such tragedies from occurring in the future.
Vinh And Trinh’S Adventure, Book Review
Vinh And Trinh’S Adventure, Book Review
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
Vinh and Trinh’s Adventure
New Approaches And Strategies For Mre In Azerbaijan, Musa Jalalov
New Approaches And Strategies For Mre In Azerbaijan, Musa Jalalov
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
By changing its approach, the Azerbaijan National Agency for Mine Action has been able to achieve much success in its mine-risk education program. As Head of the MRE Department for ANAMA, Musa Jalalov describes the new steps being taken in Azerbaijan to educate the public and involve the community in mine action.
The Child To Adult Method In Mine Risk Education, Mudhafar Aziz Hamad
The Child To Adult Method In Mine Risk Education, Mudhafar Aziz Hamad
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
The author explains a child-to-adult approach to mine-risk education and how it uses the power of children as “little” MRE instructors in their communities. As part of this method, children use MRE lessons to teach adults and peers in their homes about the dangers of landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Needs Assessment In Lao Pdr, Jo Durham
Needs Assessment In Lao Pdr, Jo Durham
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
This article describes the needs-assessment process and findings for mine-risk education in Lao PDR. Specific issues that arise are identifying those who are at risk, why they are at risk, and what can be done about it.
Mine-Risk Education And The Amateur Scrap-Metal Hunter, Allan R. Vosburgh
Mine-Risk Education And The Amateur Scrap-Metal Hunter, Allan R. Vosburgh
The Journal of Conventional Weapons Destruction
In many countries where landmines and unexploded ordnance threaten populations, people ignore warnings about these hazardous explosives to collect explosive remnants of war for the valuable scrap metal they contain. The author discusses a program proposed by the Golden West Humanitarian Foundation to manage this dangerous practice.