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Articles 1 - 30 of 187
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Breaking The Rule Of Silence: Childbirth And Gendered Power In Efuru And The Joys Of Motherhood, Sunday Elliott Uguru
Breaking The Rule Of Silence: Childbirth And Gendered Power In Efuru And The Joys Of Motherhood, Sunday Elliott Uguru
Department of English: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
This study examines the thematic preoccupation of childbirth in the formative period of feminist discourse in African literature through a critical study of selected novels of Igbo women of southeastern Nigeria. The novels studied represent the earliest published African texts in English by women. The period under focus falls within the emerging stage of Nigerian literary tradition in its written form with a dominant presence of men. This study investigates the women novelists' perspective toward the failure of male authored works to represent women's childbirth experience. Through a critical reading of Flora Nwapa's Efuru and Buchi Emecheta's The Joys of …
Postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum After Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty: Case With Review Of Diagnostic And Management Strategies, Michael M Talanker, Jessica R Nye, David T Mitchell, Daniel J Freet
Postsurgical Pyoderma Gangrenosum After Penile Inversion Vaginoplasty: Case With Review Of Diagnostic And Management Strategies, Michael M Talanker, Jessica R Nye, David T Mitchell, Daniel J Freet
Student and Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Postsurgical pyoderma gangrenosum (PSPG) is a highly uncommon and unpredictable wound healing complication. Rapid progression of ulcers at incisions can cause unfettered dehiscence. Most commonly, PSPG involves breast procedures; however, in this work, we detail a case of a patient who developed PSPG 10 days postoperatively after penile inversion vaginoplasty.
METHODS: The patient in this case underwent a penile inversion vaginoplasty with orchiectomy in the standard fashion. She had no risk factors for PSPG. Following an uncomplicated hospital stay, the patient developed difficulty with pain control and increasing serous drainage on the 10th postoperative day. On readmission, the patient …
Cancer Disparities In Southeast Asia: Intersectionality And A Call To Action, Erin Jay G. Feliciano, Frances Dominique V. Ho, Kaisin Yee, Joseph A. Paguio, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Janine Patricia G. Robredo, Kenrick Ng, Jasmine Lim, Khin Thuzar Pyone, Catherine A. Peralta, Jerickson Abbie Flores, J. Seth Yao, Patricia Mae G. Santos, Christian Daniel U. Ang, Gideon Lasco, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Gary Tse, Enrico D. Tangco, T. Peter Kingham, Imjai Chitapanarux, Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy, Gerardo D. Legaspi, Edward Christopher Dee
Cancer Disparities In Southeast Asia: Intersectionality And A Call To Action, Erin Jay G. Feliciano, Frances Dominique V. Ho, Kaisin Yee, Joseph A. Paguio, Michelle Ann B. Eala, Janine Patricia G. Robredo, Kenrick Ng, Jasmine Lim, Khin Thuzar Pyone, Catherine A. Peralta, Jerickson Abbie Flores, J. Seth Yao, Patricia Mae G. Santos, Christian Daniel U. Ang, Gideon Lasco, Jeffrey Shi Kai Chan, Gary Tse, Enrico D. Tangco, T. Peter Kingham, Imjai Chitapanarux, Nirmala Bhoo-Pathy, Gerardo D. Legaspi, Edward Christopher Dee
Einstein Health Papers
No abstract provided.
Assessment Of Personal Care Product Use And Perceptions Of Use In A Sample Of Us Adults Affiliated With A University In The Northeast, Adana A. M. Llanos, Amber Rockson, Kylie Getz, Patricia Greenberg, Eva Portillo, James A. Mcdonald, Dede K. Teteh, Justin Villasenor, Carolina Lozada, Jamirra Franklin, Vaishnavi More, Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Carolyn W. Kinkade, Emily S. Barrett
Assessment Of Personal Care Product Use And Perceptions Of Use In A Sample Of Us Adults Affiliated With A University In The Northeast, Adana A. M. Llanos, Amber Rockson, Kylie Getz, Patricia Greenberg, Eva Portillo, James A. Mcdonald, Dede K. Teteh, Justin Villasenor, Carolina Lozada, Jamirra Franklin, Vaishnavi More, Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Carolyn W. Kinkade, Emily S. Barrett
Health Sciences and Kinesiology Faculty Articles
Evidence supports unequal burdens of chemical exposures from personal care products (PCPs) among some groups, namely femme-identifying and racial and ethnic minorities. In this study, we implemented an online questionnaire to assess PCP purchasing and usage behaviors and perceptions of use among a sample of US adults recruited at a Northeastern university. We collected PCP use across seven product categories (hair, beauty, skincare, perfumes/colognes, feminine hygiene, oral care, other), and behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions of use and safety across sociodemographic factors to evaluate relationships between sociodemographic factors and the total number of products used within the prior 24–48 h using …
Physician Workforce In The Mountain West, Hira Ahmed, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Physician Workforce In The Mountain West, Hira Ahmed, Caitlin J. Saladino, William E. Brown Jr.
Health
Using data from the Association of American Medical College’s State Physician Workforce Data Report, this fact sheet synthesizes Mountain West data on the numbers of active physicians and active physician demographics in Arizona, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, and Utah. This fact sheet focuses on active physicians in the Mountain West region by gender, race and ethnicity, as well as the number of students pursuing medical and premedical education.
Gender And Financial Implications Of Parental Leave Utilization At A Major Us Academic Institution, Maurgan Lee, Lucki Word, Mayra Shafique, Julie Crego, Leah Robinson Phd, Anil Aranha Phd, Beena Sood
Gender And Financial Implications Of Parental Leave Utilization At A Major Us Academic Institution, Maurgan Lee, Lucki Word, Mayra Shafique, Julie Crego, Leah Robinson Phd, Anil Aranha Phd, Beena Sood
Medical Student Research Symposium
Background and Purpose: In the United States, women on average are paid $0.83 for every dollar earned by male counterparts. Creating a family can promote heightened obligations for both parents, however, women tend to take on amplified responsibility associated with childrearing. Studies show females are more likely to utilize parental leave (PL) compared to men. Our study aims to evaluate the impact of PL usage on financial and earning potential based on gender.
Methods: Analysis of retrospective human resources data of WSU employees was conducted. Data parameters included: demographics, length, usage, and number of parental leaves. Data was analyzed using …
Nursing Students Doing Gender: Implications For Higher Education And The Nursing Profession, Lesley J. Andrew, Ken Robinson, Julie Dare, Leesa N. Costello
Nursing Students Doing Gender: Implications For Higher Education And The Nursing Profession, Lesley J. Andrew, Ken Robinson, Julie Dare, Leesa N. Costello
Research outputs 2022 to 2026
The average age of women nursing students in Australia is rising. With this comes the likelihood that more now begin university with family responsibilities, and with their lives structured by the roles of mother and partner. Women with more traditionally gendered ideas of these roles, such as nurturing others and self-sacrifice, are known to be attracted to nursing as a profession; once at university, however, these students can be vulnerable to gender role stress from the competing demands of study. A qualitative research design, guided by Gadamer's hermeneutic philosophy, explored the gendered behaviours and experiences of 22 women nursing students, …
Criterion Validity Of Protective Behavioral Strategies For Alcohol Consumption Among College Students, Abby L. Braitman, Amy Stamates, Melissa Colangelo, Sarah J. Ehlke, Jordan Ortman, Kristin E. Heron, Kate B. Carey
Criterion Validity Of Protective Behavioral Strategies For Alcohol Consumption Among College Students, Abby L. Braitman, Amy Stamates, Melissa Colangelo, Sarah J. Ehlke, Jordan Ortman, Kristin E. Heron, Kate B. Carey
Psychology Faculty Publications
Background: Protective behavioral strategies (PBS), or behaviors used to reduce harm associated with alcohol use, are often associated with lower levels of alcohol consumption, lower engagement in high-risk drinking behaviors, and fewer alcohol-related consequences. Although the majority of studies have found significant associations between higher PBS use and lower consumption or consequences, some studies have found nonsignificant or even positive associations. One explanatory hypothesis is that the mixed findings are due to differential content in PBS measures. Objectives: The current study examined the criterion validity of two widely-used PBS measures, the PBSS and the SQ. In a multi-institution online …
Perpetuation Of Gender Discrimination In Pakistani Society: Results From A Scoping Review And Qualitative Study Conducted In Three Provinces Of Pakistan, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Shahnaz Shahid Ali, Sanober Nadeem, Zahid Memon, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Falak Madhani, Yasmin Karim, Shah Mohammad, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Perpetuation Of Gender Discrimination In Pakistani Society: Results From A Scoping Review And Qualitative Study Conducted In Three Provinces Of Pakistan, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Shahnaz Shahid Ali, Sanober Nadeem, Zahid Memon, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Falak Madhani, Yasmin Karim, Shah Mohammad, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Background: Gender discrimination is any unequal treatment of a person based on their sex. Women and girls are most likely to experience the negative impact of gender discrimination. The aim of this study is to assess the factors that influence gender discrimination in Pakistan, and its impact on women's life.
Methods: A mixed method approach was used in the study in which a systematic review was done in phase one to explore the themes on gender discrimination, and qualitative interviews were conducted in phase two to explore the perception of people regarding gender discrimination. The qualitative interviews (in-depth interviews and …
Academic Leadership In Physician Assistant/Associate Medical Education: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Association With Doctoral Degree, Gender, And Minority Status, Lucy W. Kibe, Gerald Kayingo, Katrina M. Schrode, Alicia Klein
Academic Leadership In Physician Assistant/Associate Medical Education: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Of The Association With Doctoral Degree, Gender, And Minority Status, Lucy W. Kibe, Gerald Kayingo, Katrina M. Schrode, Alicia Klein
Graduate School Faculty Publications
Background
There is a critical need for a diverse pool of academic leaders to increase the number and diversity of the medical workforce. Physician Assistant/Associate (PA) is a growing medical profession. Although the master’s degree is the terminal degree for PAs, a growing number of PAs obtain a variety of doctoral degrees. However, there is no standardized training for academic PA leaders. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with PA academic leadership. Specifically, this study explored the following factors: doctoral degree credentials, gender and underrepresented minority status.
Methods
Using the 2019 Physician Assistant Education Association Faculty …
Covid-19, Nutrition, And Gender: An Evidence-Informed Approach To Gender-Responsive Policies And Programs, Anna Kalbarczyk, Noora-Lisa Aberman, Bregje S M Van Asperen, Rosemary Morgan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Bianca Carducci, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Neha Kumar, Anna Lartey
Covid-19, Nutrition, And Gender: An Evidence-Informed Approach To Gender-Responsive Policies And Programs, Anna Kalbarczyk, Noora-Lisa Aberman, Bregje S M Van Asperen, Rosemary Morgan, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Bianca Carducci, Rebecca Heidkamp, Saskia Osendarp, Neha Kumar, Anna Lartey
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
In addition to the direct health impacts of COVID-19, government and household mitigation measures have triggered negative indirect economic, educational, and food and health system impacts, hitting low-and middle-income countries the hardest and disproportionately affecting women and girls. We conducted a gender focused analysis on five critical and interwoven crises that have emerged because of the COVID-19 crisis and exacerbated malnutrition and food insecurity. These include restricted mobility and isolation; reduced income; food insecurity; reduced access to essential health and nutrition services; and school closures. Our approach included a theoretical gender analysis, targeted review of the literature, and a visual …
Hypertension In Women: A South-Asian Perspective, Fatima Farrukh, Amin Abbasi, Misbah Jawed, Aysha Almas, Tazeen Jafar, Salim S. Virani, Zainab Samad
Hypertension In Women: A South-Asian Perspective, Fatima Farrukh, Amin Abbasi, Misbah Jawed, Aysha Almas, Tazeen Jafar, Salim S. Virani, Zainab Samad
Medical College Documents
Introduction: Hypertension is an important contributor to cardiovascular disease related morbidity and mortality. Despite the magnitude of its negative impact on cardiovascular outcomes, treatment and control of hypertension remain suboptimal in both men and women.
Materials and methods: Numerous databases, i.e., PubMed, ScienceDirect, etc., were searched using keywords to identify relevant studies to our narrative review. The findings from the most pertinent articles were summarized and integrated into our narrative review on hypertension in women.
Results: The pathophysiology of essential hypertension is still being delineated in both men and women; there are multiple sex specific factors in association with the …
Mental Health, Bullying, And Victimization Among Chinese Adolescents, Yang Wen, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Fangliang Yu
Mental Health, Bullying, And Victimization Among Chinese Adolescents, Yang Wen, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Fangliang Yu
Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications
The purpose of this study was to examine if adolescents who experience anxiety or depression have higher levels of reported bullying victimization or perpetration than those who do not. Based on the existing research, we hypothesized that those who experienced moderate or severe depression and anxiety would have higher rates of bullying victimization and perpetration when compared to those who experienced mild or no depression. This study used an observational design, and data were collected from a convenience sample of adolescents in a large regional high school in an Eastern province of China. The final sample included 1481 adolescents aged …
Virtual Versus Face-To-Face Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Of Depression: Meta-Analytic Test Of A Noninferiority Hypothesis And Men’S Mental Health Inequities, Carly M. Charron, Kevin M. Gorey
Virtual Versus Face-To-Face Cognitive Behavioral Treatment Of Depression: Meta-Analytic Test Of A Noninferiority Hypothesis And Men’S Mental Health Inequities, Carly M. Charron, Kevin M. Gorey
Social Work Publications
Global rates of depression have increased significantly since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is unclear how the recent shift of many mental health services to virtual platforms has impacted service users, especially for the male population which are significantly more likely to complete suicide than women. This paper presents the findings of a rapid meta-analytic research synthesis of 17 randomized controlled trials on the relative efficacy of virtual versus traditional face-to-face cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in mitigating symptoms of depression. Participants’ aggregated depression scores were compared upon completion of the therapy (posttest) and longest follow-up measurement. The results …
Covid-19 In Children And The Influence On The Employment Activity Of Their Female Caregivers: A Cross Sectional Gender Perspective Study, Catalina Jaime Trujillo, Natalia Herrera Olano, Kevin Rico Gutiérrez, Daniela Medellín, Paola Sánchez, María Lucía Mesa-Rubio, Melisa Sofía Naranjo, Sergio Mauricio Moreno, Carolina Bonilla, Pedro Barrera, Sonia M Restrepo-Gualteros, Luz Marina Mejia, Olga Lucía Baquero, Juan Gabriel Piñeros, Andrea Ramírez Varela
Covid-19 In Children And The Influence On The Employment Activity Of Their Female Caregivers: A Cross Sectional Gender Perspective Study, Catalina Jaime Trujillo, Natalia Herrera Olano, Kevin Rico Gutiérrez, Daniela Medellín, Paola Sánchez, María Lucía Mesa-Rubio, Melisa Sofía Naranjo, Sergio Mauricio Moreno, Carolina Bonilla, Pedro Barrera, Sonia M Restrepo-Gualteros, Luz Marina Mejia, Olga Lucía Baquero, Juan Gabriel Piñeros, Andrea Ramírez Varela
Student and Faculty Publications
INTRODUCTION: During the COVID-19 pandemic, women disproportionately assume more unpaid activities, affecting their employment.
OBJECTIVE: Describe the influence of COVID-19 on the employment of caregivers of children and adolescents from a gender perspective.
METHODS: Cross-sectional study in three high-complexity hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia from April 2020 to June 2021. A subsample of the FARA cohort was taken, including those patients with a positive test for SARS-COV2. We took as our analysis category children older than 8 years and younger than 18 years who had a positive SARS-COV2 test, as well as, caregivers of all children with a positive SARS-COV2 test. …
Putting The "Comprehensive" In Comprehensive Sexuality Education: A Review Exploring Young Adult Literature As A School-Based Intervention, Margaret M Palmer, Jennifer S Hirsch
Putting The "Comprehensive" In Comprehensive Sexuality Education: A Review Exploring Young Adult Literature As A School-Based Intervention, Margaret M Palmer, Jennifer S Hirsch
Student and Faculty Publications
INTRODUCTION: In this article, we review research on the impact of young adult literature (YAL) on young people's sexuality-related beliefs. This research points to the potential of YAL as a tool through which schools can offer sex education that is truly "comprehensive" by providing young people an opportunity to grapple with questions about gender, sexuality, and healthy relationships in literature classes, and to complement CSE in health education classes. This broader approach addresses a potential limitation of school-based comprehensive sex education (CSE). CSE certainly promotes young people's health and well-being, but an emphasis on biological dimensions of sexual and reproductive …
Friends And Family Matter Most: A Trend Analysis Of Increasing E-Cigarette Use Among Irish Teenagers And Sociodemographic, Personal, Peer And Familial Associations, Joan Hanafin, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy
Friends And Family Matter Most: A Trend Analysis Of Increasing E-Cigarette Use Among Irish Teenagers And Sociodemographic, Personal, Peer And Familial Associations, Joan Hanafin, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy
Articles
Background
E-cigarette ever-use and current-use among teenagers has increased worldwide, including in Ireland.
Methods
We use data from two Irish waves (2015, 2019) of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD) to investigate gender and teenage e-cigarette use (n = 3421 16-year-olds). Using chi-square analyses, we report changes in e-cigarette ever-use, current-use, and associated variables. Using multivariable logistic regression, we analyse the increase in e-cigarette use and socio-demographic, personal, peer and familial associations, focusing on gender differences.
Results
E-cigarette ever-use increased from 23% in 2015 to 37% in 2019, and current-use from 10 to …
Association Of Dowry Practices With Perceived Marital Life And Intimate Partner Violence, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Neesha Hussain, Shah Zeb, Asli Kulane
Association Of Dowry Practices With Perceived Marital Life And Intimate Partner Violence, Tazeen Saeed Ali, Neesha Hussain, Shah Zeb, Asli Kulane
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Objective: To understand the perceptions of women about the influence of dowry customs on their marital life and on intimate partner violence.
Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted in Karachi between 2008 to 2010, and comprised married women of reproductive age. Data was collected through a valid World Health Organisation questionnaire which was validated for the local context after translation into Urdu. Data was analysed using SPSS 10.
Results: Of the 810 women approached, 759(93.7%) formed the final sample. Of them, 447(59%) women and 307(40.4%) of the husbands were aged 25-35 years. Women in arranged marriages involving dowry transaction reported …
Comparing Household And Individual Measures Of Access Through A Food Environment Lens: What Household Food Opportunities Are Missed When Measuring Access To Food Retail At The Individual Level?, Lindsey G. Smith, Michael J. Widener, Bochu Liu, Steven Farber, Leia M. Minaker, Zachary Patterson, Kristian Larsen, Jason Gilliland
Comparing Household And Individual Measures Of Access Through A Food Environment Lens: What Household Food Opportunities Are Missed When Measuring Access To Food Retail At The Individual Level?, Lindsey G. Smith, Michael J. Widener, Bochu Liu, Steven Farber, Leia M. Minaker, Zachary Patterson, Kristian Larsen, Jason Gilliland
Geography & Environment Publications
Geographers and public health researchers have long been interested in social, spatial, and economic factors that drive access and exposure to food retail. A growing body of evidence draws on mobility data to capture locations accessed by individuals beyond the home address. Given that food-related activities are shared by household members and often gendered, taking an individual-level approach might limit researchers’ ability to accurately describe access to food retail. Using data that includes Global Positioning System trajectories of forty-six adults from twenty-one households in Toronto, this study compares access to food retailers at the individual and household levels and evaluates …
E-Cigarettes And Smoking In Irish Teens: A Logistic Regression Analysis Of Current (Past 30-Day) Use Of E-Cigarettes, Joan Hanafin, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy
E-Cigarettes And Smoking In Irish Teens: A Logistic Regression Analysis Of Current (Past 30-Day) Use Of E-Cigarettes, Joan Hanafin, Salome Sunday, Luke Clancy
Articles
Aim
Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use among Irish teenagers has risen significantly. In 2019, prevalence of current use (last 30 days) among 15–17-year-olds was 17.3%. We examine social determinants of adolescent e-cigarette current use.
Subject and methods
A stratified random sample of 50 schools in Ireland was surveyed in 2019, part of the European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD), with 3495 students aged 15, 16, and 17. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression [providing adjusted odds ratios (AORs)] analyses were performed using Stata version 16.
Results
Current e-cigarette users were more likely to be male (AOR = 0.55, …
Does Team Leader Gender Matter? A Bayesian Reconciliation Of Leadership And Patient Care During Trauma Resuscitations, Elizabeth D. Rosenman, Anthony Misisco, Jeffrey Olenick, Sarah M. Brolliar, Anne K. Chipman, Marie C. Vrablik, Georgia T. Chao, Steve W.J. Kozlowski, James A. Grand, Rosemarie Fernandez
Does Team Leader Gender Matter? A Bayesian Reconciliation Of Leadership And Patient Care During Trauma Resuscitations, Elizabeth D. Rosenman, Anthony Misisco, Jeffrey Olenick, Sarah M. Brolliar, Anne K. Chipman, Marie C. Vrablik, Georgia T. Chao, Steve W.J. Kozlowski, James A. Grand, Rosemarie Fernandez
Psychology Faculty Publications
OBJECTIVE: Team leadership facilitates teamwork and is important to patient care. It is unknown whether physician gender-based differences in team leadership exist. The objective of this study was to assess and compare team leadership and patient care in trauma resuscitations led by male and female physicians.
METHODS: We performed a secondary analysis of data from a larger randomized controlled trial using video recordings of emergency department trauma resuscitations at a Level 1 trauma center from April 2016 to December 2017. Subjects included emergency medicine and surgery residents functioning as trauma team leaders. Eligible resuscitations included adult patients meeting institutional trauma …
Gender In The Time Of Covid-19: Evaluating National Leadership And Covid-19 Fatalities, Leah C. Windsor, Gina Yannitell Reinhardt, Alistair J. Windsor, Robert Ostergard, Susan Allen, Courtney Burns, Jarod Giger, Reed Wood
Gender In The Time Of Covid-19: Evaluating National Leadership And Covid-19 Fatalities, Leah C. Windsor, Gina Yannitell Reinhardt, Alistair J. Windsor, Robert Ostergard, Susan Allen, Courtney Burns, Jarod Giger, Reed Wood
Social Work Faculty Publications
In this paper we explore whether countries led by women have fared better during the COVID-19 pandemic than those led by men. Media and public health officials have lauded the perceived gender-related influence on policies and strategies for reducing the deleterious effects of the pandemic. We examine this proposition by analyzing COVID-19-related deaths globally across countries led by men and women. While we find some limited support for lower reported fatality rates in countries led by women, they are not statistically significant. Country cultural values offer more substantive explanation for COVID-19 outcomes. We offer several potential explanations for the pervasive …
Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change, Debora B. Freitas Lopez, Sanyukta Mathur, Haley Brightman, Kathryn Berryman, Kamden Hoffmann
Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change, Debora B. Freitas Lopez, Sanyukta Mathur, Haley Brightman, Kathryn Berryman, Kamden Hoffmann
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This document is a review of recent social and behavior change-focused program literature focusing on the integration of gender considerations into health and non-health social and behavior change interventions. The review revealed eight promising practices: employing a gender perspective throughout the program cycle to improve outcomes; synchronizing gender strategies to ensure inclusion of men and women, boys and girls; addressing gendered health disparities that affect service use; reducing harmful traditional practices; ensuring community involvement and accountability for promotion of gender equality; considering gender during emergency preparedness and response; accounting for intersecting gendered vulnerabilities that influence health and development outcomes; and …
Individual Differences In Infants' Temperament Affect Face Processing, Jennifer L. Rennels, Andrea J. Kayl, Kirsty M. Kulhanek
Individual Differences In Infants' Temperament Affect Face Processing, Jennifer L. Rennels, Andrea J. Kayl, Kirsty M. Kulhanek
Psychology Faculty Research
Infants show an advantage in processing female and familiar race faces, but the effect sizes are often small, suggesting individual differences in their discrimination abilities. This research assessed whether differences in 6–10-month-olds’ temperament (surgency and orienting) predicted how they scanned individual faces varying in race and gender during familiarization and whether and how long it took them to locate the face during a visual search task. This study also examined whether infants viewing faces posing pleasant relative to neutral expressions would facilitate their discrimination of male and unfamiliar race faces. Results showed that infants’ surgency on its own or in …
Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change: What Does It Take?, University Research Co., Breakthrough Research
Gender Integration In Social And Behavior Change: What Does It Take?, University Research Co., Breakthrough Research
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
This document pulls from a recent review of social and behavior change (SBC)-focused literature and highlights eight promising practices regarding how to integrate gender considerations in health and non-health SBC interventions. The practices are operationalized at different levels of the Socio-Ecological Model for Change and are mutually reinforcing. The purpose of this document is to share these promising practices with SBC partners to strengthen gender integration and mainstreaming efforts in SBC programming.
The Effects Of Food Insecurity On Indigenous Women In Maine, Sara Imam
The Effects Of Food Insecurity On Indigenous Women In Maine, Sara Imam
Honors College
Indigenous women have been affected by food insecurity due to historical and continued impacts of settler-colonialism, which include the stripping of traditional gendered roles and responsibilities, environmental degradation, and poverty that limit access to traditional foods and resources. As a result, Indigenous women remain among the most vulnerable to malnourishment and hunger, as well as chronic health conditions that arise in part from colonial diets. Despite the severity of this issue in Native North America, there has been little research carried out on the topic in the state of Maine. This thesis analyzes the connections between factors underlying food insecurity …
The Gender Gap In Alcohol Deaths Is Much Larger In Some States Than Others, Erin Bisesti
The Gender Gap In Alcohol Deaths Is Much Larger In Some States Than Others, Erin Bisesti
Population Health Research Brief Series
Alcohol-related deaths have been on the rise in the U.S. over the past several years. Men have higher rates of alcohol-related death than women, and the gender gap is largest in the western and southern regions of the U.S. This brief describes which states have the highest rates of alcohol-related death among men and women.
Tracing Change In Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Through Social Networks: An Intersectional Analysis Of The Influence Of Gender, Generation, Status, And Structural Inequality, Amadou Moreau, Bettina Shell-Duncan
Tracing Change In Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting Through Social Networks: An Intersectional Analysis Of The Influence Of Gender, Generation, Status, And Structural Inequality, Amadou Moreau, Bettina Shell-Duncan
Reproductive Health
Policies and programs designed to eliminate female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C) in Senegal have been implemented over several decades, but the practice has been surprisingly tenacious. Strategies for accelerating abandonment have been informed by theories of change, and social norms theory, in particular, has become a prominent framework for understanding behavior change dynamics. FGM/C is held in place by interdependent normative expectations: what one family chooses to do is linked to expectations of others and reinforced through social sanctions. Hence, a key strategy for promoting behavior change rests on coordinating change in norms and behavior among people who interact with one …
Prescribing Biases: Evaluating Race And Gender Biases Held By Medical Professionals, Adelaide Scenti
Prescribing Biases: Evaluating Race And Gender Biases Held By Medical Professionals, Adelaide Scenti
Sociology
Evaluating medical professionals implicit racial and gender biases compared to other professions provides a window into medical professionals’ covertly biased behaviors. I examine whether or not medical professionals, compared to other professions, are more likely to hold predisposed racial and gender biases. Analysis of 2000 to 2014 General Social Survey Data (N=4,772) found the framework of implicitly biased behavior against Black and female- identifying individuals held by medical professionals to be faulty. The results from the multivariate regression revealed the opposite of my hypothesis, regarding sexist (pro-natal) attitudes, medical professionals were less likely than other professions to exhibit sexist attitudes. …
Do Medical Students' Assessments Of A Patient's Pain Vary Significantly With Gender And Year Of Medical Training?, Catherine Phamduy
Do Medical Students' Assessments Of A Patient's Pain Vary Significantly With Gender And Year Of Medical Training?, Catherine Phamduy
Scholarship in Medicine - All Papers
Chronic pain is a common ailment among US adults and can lead to high cost of healthcare when not treated effectively. Unfortunately, studies show that characteristics of the patient population and physician may also influence their treatment of patient pain. Increased years of medical training is associated with a decline in empathy, which may be measurable by a decline in physician’s assessment of patient’s pain. Doctors with the least experience tend to underestimate their patient’s pain. However, very little is known about medical students’ assessment of patient-reported pain. The objective is to determine the significant differences in medical students’ perceptions …