Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Color Terms And Lexical Classes In Krahn/Wobé, Janet Mueller Bing

English Faculty Publications

Many West African languages lack a separate category of adjectives; Krahn and Wobé are also said to lack this lexical class. However, an examination of color terms in the Gborbo dialect of Liberian Krahn reveals a class of words which are neither nouns or verbs After describing the syntactic behavior of nouns and verbs and color nouns and verbs, it is shown that a third class of color words must be considered adjectives. The data supports proposals by Givón and Dixon that, universally, lexical categories are semantically based.

The Tone System Of Foodo Nouns, Gray C. Plunkett

Theses and Dissertations

This thesis presents an autosegmental analysis of the tone system of the nouns of Foodo, a Guang language of Benin. The goal is to give an analysis of the tone system of nouns that will account for all the surface tonal phenomena by positing two underlying tones. Foodo nouns consist of a stem together with its class prefix and/or suffix; while tonal alternations in prefixes are easily explained by two tone rules, the suffixes exhibit rather complex alternations. Many of the theoretical assumptions of lexical phonology, (especially the view that most lexical rules are cyclic and Kiparsky's Elsewhere Condition) allow …

"No Tobacco, No Hallelujah": Missions And The Early History Of Tobacco In Eastern Papua, Terence Hays

Terence Hays

No abstract provided.

The Effects Of Captioned Videotapes On The Listening Comprehension Test Scores Of Esl Students, Yuan-Chyuan Andy Lin

Dissertations and Theses

This study was meant to provide some empirical evidence to confirm or disconfirm the assumption that the use of captioned videotapes will enhance the listening comprehension of second language students. This study compared the listening comprehension test results of intermediate English as a Second Language (ESL) students using videotapes with and without captions. Two episodes of an educational program were selected for the study. Students viewed one episode with captions and a second episode without captions. A total of sixty-four students participated in this study. Thirty-two students in Class 1 watched Video I with captions first and then watched Video …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 41, No. 1, Mary Lou Robson Fleming, Marianne Ruch, Steve Friesen, Robert P. Stevenson, Richard E. Wentz, Nancy K. Gaugler, Robin Clouser

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Jacob Maentel: A Second Look
• The Five-Plate Stove Revisited
• The Life and Death of an Appalachian Farm
• Henry Harbaugh, Quintessential "Dutchman"
• In Memoriam: William T. Parsons, 1923-1991

Review Of "The Syntactic Recoverability Of Null Arguments" By Y. Roberge, Donna Jo Napoli

Linguistics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Setting On Japanese Esl Students' Interaction Patterns, Noriko Yamamoto

Dissertations and Theses

Japanese ESL students are often evaluated negatively by their teachers because of their quiet verbal behavior in the classroom; yet, this study suggests that such silence may be situation specific. The purpose of this study is to describe characteristics of eight Japanese ESL students' production and interaction by comparing with those of four non-Japanese students, across three settings: teacher-fronted, group work, and NS-NNS conversation.

Cross Cultural Understanding Through Language, Shaun Bradley Roundy

Undergraduate Honors Capstone Projects

Much has been done to discover the place that language holds in the development of our communication and thought patterns. The methods through which members of various societies learn different attitudes and how their respective languages reflect and reinforce such patterns have also been studied in some depth with a number of world cultures. The interpersonal barriers and misunderstandings brought about by the dissimilarities between unconscious but powerful forces that culture has upon our thinking are understandably difficult to discern and thereby surmount. In this paper, I will demonstrate how the chances of achieving this aim may be enhanced through …

The Effectiveness Of Minimal Pair Therapy For S-Cluster Reduction, Julie Anne Mcdow

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

This descriptive study compared minimal pair therapy to a modeling imitative method of phonological remediation. The s-cluster was targeted for remediation. Four phonologically impaired children, ages 3-2 to 3-11, served as subjects. In the minimal pair procedure, minimal pairs were used to contrast the meaning of correctly produced target words and incorrectly produced target words. In the non-minimal pair approach, correct productions were modeled and cued for the subjects to imitate/produce. Generalization to untrained words was insufficient to assess the effectiveness of the two procedures used. Other measures made during the course of the study produced some interesting findings. Imitative …

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 40, No. 3, Steve Friesen, Monica Mutzbauer, Christopher S. Witmer, Mary Lamey Hoffer, Harry W. Barner, Robert L. Leight, Catherine L. Emerson

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Home is Where the Hearth is
• The Hearth is Where the Cook is
• "Philipps gehn in Amerka": The Palatinate Emigration in German Schoolbooks
• The Barner Farm: A Connection to Clinton County's Pennsylvania-German Heritage
• A Teacher With a Heart: Carrie Frankenfield Horne
• Aldes un Neies (Old and New)

The Punctator's World: A Discursion (Part Six), Gwen G. Robinson

The Courier

This, the sixth part of a historical survey of the career of punctuation, attempts to describe a few vibrant decades when the mutual influence of punctuation and language brought to light many new ideas. After the publication of Ephraim Chambers' encyclopaedia and Samuel Johnson's dictionary, a prevailing passion for 'truth' put to rout the age-old, commonplace linguistic theories. A tremendous energy came to be applied towards resolving not only the exalted mysteries of the universe and the human mind, but also more homely problems-how to set up a power-driven loom, or breed a Hampshire pig, or even, how properly to …

Review Of "Studies In Romance Linguistics" By C. Kirschner And J. De-Cesaris, Donna Jo Napoli

Linguistics Faculty Works

No abstract provided.

Are Cariban Languages Moving Away From Or Towards Ergative Systems?, Desmond C. Derbyshire

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "In this paper [...] I will be arguing for a direction of change in Cariban languages from systems that are purely ergative in both nominal case marking and verb agreement patterns (and which are probably of considerable antiquity) to mixed systems where in main clauses the core nominals are not marked at all and the verb agreement patterns are a mixture of nominative and absolutive, based on an agentivity-person hierarchy. Subordinate clauses take the form of nominalizations that retain characteristics of the older pure ergative system."

The Definite Article With Proper Names For Referring To People In The Greek Of Acts, Stephen H. Levinsohn

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "I now consider the presence versus absence of the article with proper names, for people in the book of Acts, using the following four categories of description:

-- the unmarked patterns involving the first mention of a participant and further references to the participant in the same incident (Sect. 1); -- the reintroduction of participants after an absence (Sec. 2); -- further references to a participant in the same incident which are anarthrous, instead of arhrous (Sect. 3); -- the use of the article with names in reported speeches (Sect. 4).

"By dividing my discussion into four …

Semanically Ergative Languages In Typological Perspective, Alexandr E. Kibrik

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the summary: "This paper demonstrates the existence of languages whose core structure is determined by the principle of consistent differentiation of semantic roles by means of case coding; that is, to demonstrate the existence of role-oriented languages. If we refrain from interpreting role-oriented languages in terms of subject and direct object, then their organization becomes extremely natural, simple, and motivated. At the same time we gain the hope that by starting with languages of pure types we can reach a deeper and more adequate understanding of the structure of mixed languages."

Agutaynen Glottal Stop, J. Stephen Quakenbush

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "In his 1982 discussion of Austronesian laryngeals, Zorc called for more information on "the phonemic and morphophonemic status of [ʔ] and [h] in various Austronesian languages" (Zorc 1982:133). An analysis of glottal stop in Agutaynen does indeed yield interesting information, not so much due to any immediate relevance to the reconstruction of Austronesian proto-forms, as was Zorc's goal in 1982, but rather because it presents a clearly visible case of a sound change in progress.

"Agutaynen is unusual among Philippine languages in that its glottal stop only occurs word medially preceding another consonant. In this particular environment, …

Front Matter For Sil-Und Work Papers Vol. 35 (1991)

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

No abstract provided.

Pennsylvania Folklife Vol. 40, No. 2, Amos Long Jr., Henry J. Kauffman, Robert P. Stevenson, Mark D. Howell, Hilda Adam Kring

Pennsylvania Folklife Magazine

• Some Early Rural and Domestic Industries in Pennsylvania
• Jacob Dickert, Rifle Maker
• Several Early Woolen Mills of Western Pennsylvania
• A Rural Craftsman in Present-Day Pennsylvania
• Who is in the Kitchen?
• Aldes un Neies (Old and New)

On The Syllabification Of /Tl/ Clusters In Spanish, Steve Parker

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction, "As is commonly known, permissible word- and syllable-initial consonant clusters in Spanish consist of a stop (p t k b d g) or f followed by one of the two liquids r or l. Of the fourteen theoretically-possible combinations which these groupings yield, two are problematic: tl and dl

"The sequence dl does not occur word-initially and its word-internal attestation is limited to second person plural "familiar" commands such as tomadlo ('drink it'), which are rarely used outside of Spain. In words of this type the syllable break unquestionably occurs between the d and the l; since …

A Double-Verb Construction In Mbyá Guaraní, Robert A. Dooley

Work Papers of the Summer Institute of Linguistics, University of North Dakota Session

From the introduction: "In this paper, the Mbyá V1-V2 construction is examined from various points of view: lexico-semantic (Sect. 2), phonological (in relation to stress) (Sect. 3), morphological (Sect. 4) and syntactic (Sect. 5). It is seen to be a phrase in which V2 functions syntactically as a modifier of V1. This construction is then compared and contrasted with others in Mbyá, namely subordinate clauses (Sect. 6) and coordinate clauses (Sect. 7). At this point (Sect. 8), it is compared with SVCs as documented in languages of West Africa, the Caribbean, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Papua New Guinea and in …

Synchronic Rule Inversion, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

An earlier analysis of r/zero alternations in the Boston dialect.

L'Infixation Réduplicative Dans Les Langages Secrets, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Semitic Gutturals And Distinctive Feature Theory, John J. Mccarthy

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Prosodic Circumscription In Choctaw Morphology, John J. Mccarthy, Linda Lombardi

John J. McCarthy

No abstract provided.

Nasality In Kisi, George Tucker Childs

Applied Linguistics Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper presents the various manifestations of nasality in Kisi, a Mel language belonging to the Southern Branch of (West) Atlantic. In this language, as in many West African languages, nasality plays a prominent role in the language's sound system and grammar. Nasality in Kisi is realized phonetically on both consonants and vowels and phonologically on consonants. There are even cases of 'spontaneous nasalization', situations in which there is no nearby nasal segment to contribute the nasal feature. Nasality may also function in the morphology and is used expressively for emphasis. The findings reported here will be of use to …

Analysis Of English Articles Used By Japanese Students, Noriko Iwasaki

Dissertations and Theses

English articles are perhaps the most difficult grammatical items for Japanese students to master. However, because these are among the most frequently occurring grammatical items in English, Japanese students must concern themselves with them.

The Function Of Phrasal Verbs And Their Lexical Counterparts In Technical Manuals, Brock Brady

Dissertations and Theses

Much recent attention has been devoted to the semantic, syntactic, and pragmatic properties of phrasal verbs--those two-part lexical items like "put on" and "tighten up", along with suggestions regarding effective methods of teaching them to non-native speakers. According to Cornell (1985), phrasal verbs, "have been 'discovered' as an important component in curricula for English as a Foreign Language" (p. 1). However, it is very possible that they have become objects of current research primarily because of their complexity: their polysemy, their idiomaticity, their syntactic restraints, a complexity that means covering phrasal verbs in an ESL/EFL course can be a time-consuming …

Percentage Of Phonological Process Usage In Expressive Language Delayed Children, Sherri Lynn Miller

Dissertations and Theses

Language delay and phonological delay have been shown to coexist. Because they so often co-occur, it is possible that they may interact, sharing a relationship during the child's development. A group of children who were "late talkers" as toddlers, achieved normal development in their syntactic ability by the preschool period. Because their language abilities are known to have increased rapidly, data on their phonological development could provide information on the relationship between phonological and syntactic development.

The purpose of this study was to compare the percentage of phonological process usage of the eight most commonly used simplification processes in four-year-old …

A Comparison Of Meristics And Morphometrics Between Two Strains Of Pond Cultured Striped Bass (Morone Saxatilis), Steven Gornak

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

A Study Of The Perceptual Learning Style Preferences Of Japanese Students, Elizabeth Ann Hoffner

Dissertations and Theses

This study was based on a study by Joy Reid (1987) on the perceptual learning style preferences of English as a Second Language (ESL) students. The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptual learning style preferences of three groups of students: Japanese students studying in the US, Japanese students studying in Japan, and American students studying in the US. The perceptual styles studied were visual, auditory, kinesthetic, and tactile, with the additional styles of group and individual learning also being studied. The learning style preferences were identified so as to determine the relationship between style and the variables …