Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Satellite Image Use For Citizen-Based Monitoring & Verification: An Examination Of Trust & Risk, Rebecca D. Frank, Stephanie Kruger

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Satellite imagery is used for citizen-based monitoring and societal verification in the context of nuclear non-proliferation and arms control agreements by an expanding community of analysts (e.g., Al-Sayed, 2022; Mian et al., 2017; Niemeyer, 2009). The use of satellite images by non-state actors in order to examine the development of, for example, weapons facilities has been facilitated by the increasing availability of satellite data from a variety of sources (e.g., “Trainspotting, with Nukes; Open-Source Intelligence,” 2021). This type of monitoring can be applied to a broad range of activities, including carbon emissions, human rights, disaster response, and archaeology (e.g., Casana …

Repository Staff Attitudes About Coretrustseal Requirements, Rebecca D. Frank

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

CoreTrustSeal (CTS) is a community-based certification system for trustworthy data repositories (TDRs) in which repositories submit documentation which is reviewed by a panel of representatives from current members (e.g., CoreTrustSeal, 2023b; Corrado, 2019; Dillo & De Leeuw, 2018). In comparison with other TDR certification systems (e.g., nestor, ISO 16363), CTS currently has the largest and most active membership, with 94 certified repositories as of October 2023 (CoreTrustSeal, 2023a).

The community focus of CTS, coupled with the fact that reviewers are drawn from CTS certified repositories, brings urgency to the need to understand how staff members of CTS certified repositories view …

Expertise & Perceptions Of Risk In Coretrustseal Certification, Rebecca D. Frank, Ammar Mustufa, Timothy Poteet

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This poster examines the relationship between risk perception and expertise among staff members of CoreTrustSeal certified repositories. Findings indicate that relationships exist between level of education and professional role and survey respondent attitudes about potential sources of risk and the CoreTrustSeal checklist sections. This poster will examine these findings in greater detail.

Are We Practicing What We Preach? Towards Greater Transborder Inclusivity In Information Science Systematic Reviews, Stephanie Krueger, Rebecca D. Frank

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Abstract. Inclusiveness has been investigated in different ways by Information Science (InfoSci) researchers, often as a line of social justice inquiry. Systematic reviews (SRs), which bridge the gap between research and practice, are a key example of research impacted by inclusiveness. “Transborder” inclusiveness—the ability of researchers from different institutions, regions, and countries to ac-cess information, and the inclusion of information from researchers in regions and countries where English is not an official language in major collections of InfoSci research—influences how researchers perform SRs. Although this topic has been identified in other disciplines involved in Evidence Based Practice (EBP) such as …

Lgbtq+ Catalog Users: A Brief Survey, Karen Snow, Heather Moulaison-Sandy, Brian Dobreski

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

To promote social justice, recent work in knowledge organization (KO) has focused on providing access for members of marginalized groups including LGBTQ+ persons. Expanding on this work, the current project explores demographics and library usage as well as the participant-provided identity terms of LGBTQ+ library catalog users. Using a survey methodology that collected 141 respondents’ information, researchers found that LGBTQ+ catalog users who responded were primarily young, educated, and identified as either Black or White. The majority of respondents reported regular use of the library catalog, though also found materials in a variety of other ways, including social media. When …

Audit Team Communication And Risk In Trustworthy Digital Repository Certification, Rebecca D. Frank, Jessica Wylie

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This paper aims to investigate the Trustworthy Repositories Audit & Certification (TRAC) process by examining the communication practices and risk communication dynamics among auditors during the audit. Through an in-depth, qualitative analysis of the audit process and the interactions between auditors, this paper provides valuable insights into the importance of diverse backgrounds, effective communication, and consensus building in the assessment of TRAC checklist requirements. Furthermore, the paper highlights potential areas of improvement within the audit process, addressing concerns related to disagreements, reliance on leadership, and the comprehensiveness of risk identification and communication.

A Short On Time Short Story Contest: Inspiring Creativity In The Library, Alexandra Boris

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

This chapter is a case study on the impact of a NaNoWriMo (National Novel Writing Month) a short story writing event and contest in an academic library setting. National Novel Writing Month, or NaNoWriMo, is an international event which takes place in the month of November. During NaNoWriMo Participants from around the world attempt to write 50,000 words in 30 days with the end product being a first rough draft of a novel. Many famous authors even participate in this challenge such as Erin Morgenstern, author of The Night Circus, and Sara Gruen, author of Water for Elephants.

This chapter …

Burning The Candle At Both Ends How And Why Academic Librarians Who Are Parents Experience And Combat Burnout At Work, Amy Chew, Michael Holt, Jessica Lee, Robert Griggs-Taylor

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

Academic librarians already wear many hats, juggling a multitude of skills and duties in order to meet the needs of their patrons. When one of those hats is parenthood, however, balancing work and home life can sometimes seem like an insurmountable task. In this chapter we explore how and why academic librarians who are also parents experience burnout, as well as methods used to combat burnout by examining the results of a nationally distrib­uted mixed-methods survey. The survey also addresses practices to combat and prevent burnout, both on a personal and institutional level, and the perceptions of their effectiveness.

Repository Staff Perspectives On The Benefits Of Trustworthy Digital Repository Certification, Rebecca D. Frank

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

This paper reports on the results from a qualitative study that asks whether and how staff members from TRAC certified repositories find value in the audit and certification process. While some interviewees found certification valuable, others argued that the costs outweighed the benefits or expressed ambivalence towards certification. Findings indicate that TRAC certification offered both internal and external benefits, such as improved documentation, accountability, transparency, communication, and standards, but there were concerns about high costs, implementation problems, and lack of objective evaluation criteria.

Consequences Of Information Exchanges Of Vulnerable Women On Facebook: An "Information Grounds" Study Informing Value Co-Creation And Ict4d Research, Devendra Potnis, Macy Halladay, Sara-Elizabeth Jones

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Information and communication technology for development (ICT4D) research sporadically leverages information science scholarship. Our qualitative study employs the “information grounds” (IG) lens to investigate the consequences of information exchanges by pregnant women on Facebook, who are vulnerable in the doctor-centric birth culture in rural America. The thematic analysis of in-depth interviews with members and administrators of the Vaginal Birth After Cesarean (VBAC) group shows that positive consequences outweigh negative consequences of information exchanges and lead to the following progression of outcomes: (1) VBAC group as an information ground, (2) social capital (e.g., cognitive, structural, and relational capital) built on the …

Information Practices Of Administrators For Controlling Information In An Online Community Of New Mothers In Rural America, Devendra Potnis, Macy Halladay

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Rarely does any empirical investigation show how administrators routinely control information in online communities and alleviate misinformation, hate speech, and information overload supported by profit-driven algorithms. Thematic analysis of in-depth phone interviews with members and administrators of a “Vaginal Birth After Cesarean” (VBAC) group with over 500 new mothers on Facebook shows that the administrators make 19 choices for recurring, authoritative but evolving 19 information-related activities when (a) forming the VBAC group over Facebook for local new mothers, (b) actively recruiting women who had a VBAC or have related competencies, (c) removing doctors and solicitors from the group, (d) setting …

Working With Vanderbot To Add Multilingual Content (In English And Arabic) To Wikidata, Anchalee Panigabutra-Roberts, Steve Baskauf, Iman Dagher

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

In this presentation Steve and Joy (Anchalee) discussed the example workflow to add both English and Arabic character sets to Wikidata using VanderBot with the input of Arabic characters by Iman. Joy also discussed data modeling in Wikidata for works of translations to support visualization in Wikidata and to provide insight into scholarly communication related to Medieval Islamic technology.

A Preliminary Inquiry Into The Use And Management Of 3d Virtual Anatomy Tables Within Libraries, Melanie Dixson, Niki Kirkpatrick

UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications

This preliminary study explored the use and management practices of 3D virtual anatomy tables (VATs) currently owned by libraries to support their learning communities. This study also examined how libraries have adapted their VAT services during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sent an IRB-approved 15-question survey to members of 46 library-focused email listservs to assess the use and management practices of VATs among libraries. We analyzed the survey results within Qualtrics' default report feature to perform basic calculations and generate visualizations related to the survey data. We received 31 completed surveys, with 23% of those respondents reporting that they were from …

Anatomizing The Library: Virtual Anatomy Table Services In An Academic Library, Melanie Dixson, Niki Kirkpatrick

UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications

A growing number of academic, medical, and health sciences libraries are adopting 3D virtual anatomy tables (also known as virtual dissection tables) to support active learning initiatives within their anatomy educational communities. This article explores the implementation and management practices of virtual anatomy table (VAT) services offered by an academic library within a large public land-grant university system. The authors will share details surrounding their library's virtual anatomy table acquisition process and the development of VAT services for anatomy learners and instructors on their campus. This article will also discuss their VAT operational challenges arising from the COVID-19 pandemic and …

Continued Use Of Retracted Publications: Implications For Information Systems And Scientific Publishing, Peiling Wang, Luke Baker Mccullough, Jing Su

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Reports on the preliminary results of an empirical study of post-retraction citations of biomedical research literature. Retractions of biomedical publications have a serious impact on research enterprise and public health. Retractions to correct literature and alert readers are actions by the journals based on evidence of serious flaws or errors or upon the request of the authors. The process of retraction could take a few weeks or years after publication. The purpose of this study is to investigate how retracted peer-reviewed journal articles were cited post-retraction. Post-retraction citing articles are those published two years after the retraction year. The dataset …

Expert Recommended Biomedical Journal Articles: Their Retractions Or Corrections, And Post-Retraction Citing, Peiling Wang, Jing Su

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Faculty Opinions has provided recommendations of important biomedical publications by domain experts (FMs) since 2001. The purpose of this study is two-fold: 1) identify the characteristics of the expert-recommended articles that were subsequently retracted; 2) investigate what happened after retraction. We examined a set of 232 recommended, later retracted or corrected articles. These articles were classified as New Finding (43%), Interesting Hypothesis (16%), etc. More than 71% of the articles acknowledged funding support; the NIH (US) was a top funder (64%). The top reasons for retractions were Errors of various types (28%); Falsification/fabrication of data, image, or results (20%); Unreliable …

Designated Community: Uncertainty And Risk, Rebecca D. Frank, Laura Rothfritz

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Purpose: This article explores the tension between the concept of a Designated Community as a foundational element in Trustworthy Digital Repository certification and curators’ uncertainty about how to interpret and apply this concept in practice.

Design/methodology/approach: This research employs a qualitative research design involving in-depth semi-structured interviews with stakeholders in the Trustworthy Digital Repository Audit and Certification process.

Findings: Our findings indicate that stakeholders in the audit and certification process viewed their uncertainty about how to apply the concept of a Designated Community in the context of an audit as a source of risk for digital repositories and their collections. …

How Fair Is Marc?: Fair Data Principles Applied To A Bibliographic Data Standard, Brian Dobreski, Heather Moulaison-Sandy, Bradley Wade Bishop

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

FAIR Data Principles provide a framework for considering how best to make data available in a way that is 1) findable, 2) accessible, 3) interoperable, and 4) reusable. Designed to be simple to understand and machine-actionable, FAIR principles support data use and reuse. This conceptual paper investigates the application of FAIR principles to bibliographic data through an examination of the current standard for encoding library records, MARC. To this end, this paper begins by describing the FAIR principles. It then looks to understand the MARC standard and applies the FAIR principles to the data affordances provided by the MARC encoding …

Automated Parsing Of Personal Identity Facets For A Collection Of Visual Images, Brian Dobreski, Melissa Resnick, Benjamin D. Horne

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Collections of digitized, historical images serve as rich primary sources for digital humanities research, though access to these resources has been hindered by inadequate subject metadata. In this study, researchers explored the feasibility of performing subject analysis for a collection of historical images of persons through an automated procedure. Building on previous work that developed a faceted system for representing the identities of persons depicted in 19th century visual images, the present work attempted to automate the process of person and facet parsing for images from the A.S. Williams III Collection at the University of Alabama. A case-based model was …

Through The Looking Glass: Non-Fungible Tokens & Libraries, Peter Fernandez

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

Abstract

Purpose

This paper aims to help information professionals understand the foundational concepts of this technology and how these are related to libraries so that they can evolve services alongside it.

Design/methodology/approach

This column will define what a non-fungible tokens (NFT) is, explore the relevant trends impacting its development and examine how it intersects with the traditional roles of the library.

Findings

NFTs represent a new and growing technology that intersections with many of the same concepts that are core to librarianship. Libraries are community institutions that engender widespread trust, whereas NFTs are built atop cryptocurrency that seeks to enable …

Analyzing Service Divide In Academic Libraries For Better Serving Disabled Patrons Using Assistive Technologies, Devendra Potnis, Kevin Mallary

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Academic libraries invest thousands of dollars in assistive technologies (AT) for enhancing the delivery of information services to disabled patrons. However, offering AT might not result in their use by the patrons who need them, thereby leading to a service divide. The analysis of qualitative responses, including over 1,400 quotations, elicited from academic library administrators and librarians in 186 public universities across the United States, reveals that academic libraries encounter 51 challenges related to the knowledge and skills of librarians, hardware and software concerns, institutional factors, finances, and external actors, when serving disabled patrons with AT. Finally, the researchers propose …

Connecting Islamic Technology And The History Of Robotics In Wikidata Via Wikidatabot, Anchalee Panigabutra-Roberts

UT Libraries Faculty: Other Publications and Presentations

My current study is on the connection between the history of robotics and Islamic technology. I focused on early Muslim inventors, such as al-Jazari, from Artuqid Dynasty of Jazira in Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq, Syria and Turkey) who is considered to be the father of robotics. He wrote the Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices, the manuscript treaty published after his passing in 1206, translated by Donald R. Hill, a British engineer and scholar on Islamic technology, in 1974. The manuscript in Arabic (MS. Greaves 27) is archived at the Bodleian Library, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. In …

Providing Consumer Health Information To The Underserved Public At Remote Area Medical Events In East Tennessee, David Petersen, Kelsey Grabeel, J. Michael Lindsay, Cameron Watson, Melanie A. Dixson, Niki Kirkpatrick, Martha Earl

UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications

The University of Tennessee’s Preston Medical Library (PML) collaborated with local libraries for outreach at a Remote Area Medical (RAM) event. Librarians staffed a resource table and distributed consumer health handouts, received and fulfilled health information requests, and administered the Newest Vital Sign, a health literacy assessment tool, to volunteers. Researchers analyzed completed health information requests and health literacy assessment results to better inform future outreach. Collaboration at this event built relationships, particularly with the University of Tennessee Knoxville Libraries, for future community events.

Documenting Social Justice In Library And Information Science Research: A Literature Review, Joseph Winberry, Bradley Wade Bishop

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of social justice research in Library and Information Science (LIS) literature in order to identify the research quantity, what populations or settings were included, and future directions for this area of the discipline through examination of when related research was published, what contexts it covered, and what contributions LIS researchers have made in this research area.

Design/Methodology/Approach – This study reviews results from two LIS literature databases—Library, Information Science and Technology Abstracts (LISTA) and Library and Information Science Source (LISS)—that use the term “social justice” in title, abstract, …

Proposing An Information Value Chain To Improve Information Services To Disabled Library Patrons Using Assistive Technologies, Devendra Potnis, Kevin Mallary

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Information services offered by academic libraries increasingly rely on assistive technologies (AT) to facilitate disabled patrons’ retrieval and use of information for learning and teaching. However, disabled patrons’ access to AT might not always lead to their use, resulting in the underutilization of information services offered by academic libraries. We adopt an inward-looking, service innovation perspective to improve information services for disabled patrons using AT. The open coding of qualitative responses collected from administrators and librarians in 186 academic libraries in public universities in the United States, reveals 10 mechanisms (i.e., modified work practices), which involve searching, compiling, mixing, framing, …

Unique Features Of The Person Class In Cultural Heritage Models, Brian Dobreski, Barbara H. Kwaśnik

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Knowledge organizations systems (KOSs) model important entities of interest within a domain. In the cultural heritage domain, KOSs are often designed around cultural information resources, though many other kinds of entities must be modeled and described in the process. Of these, the “person” entity may appear straightforward, but is surprisingly challenging with complex implications. Within cultural heritage, personhood is closely associated with certain kinds of creative responsibilities and rights, though modern technological advances are challenging these traditional notions. In an era marked by AI creators, digital recreations of the dead, and deepfakes, it is worth asking, in cultural heritage, what …

An Academic Library Utilization Of Research Guides To Disseminate Consumer Health Resources, Niki Kirkpatrick, Melanie Dixson

UT Libraries Faculty: Peer-Reviewed Publications

The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Libraries (UT Libraries) utilizes research guides as supplemental training resources, educational tools, and community enrichment aids to support health literacy. This article illustrates case studies of three UT Libraries research guides that provide consumer health information, breaking down each research guide’s development, facilitation, and purpose. As a training resource, the Cultural Competency Guide works to support the course curriculum. The Introduction to Health Sciences Research Guide serves as an educational tool by establishing foundational information for consumer health assimilation. Lastly, the Seed Library & Gardening Guide serves as a community enrichment aid to encourage healthy …

Impacts Of Electronic Reference On Instruction And Reference, Carol Tenopir

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

No abstract provided.

Best Practices For Managing Innovations In Public Libraries In The United States, Devendra Potnis, Joseph Winberry, Bonnie Finn

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

Public libraries serve as anchors for thousands of communities across the country. Innovations are critical for the survival and relevance of public libraries in the country. Few studies, if any, identify the best practices for managing innovations in public libraries based on the experiential guidance shared by administrators of public libraries recognized for their innovations. This empirical study fills in the gap by identifying the challenges and solutions for managing innovations in public libraries in the United States. A thematic content analysis of qualitative responses collected through an online, anonymous survey of 219 administrators of 211 innovations in 106 urban …

Managing The “Backend” Of Lis Research Projects: A Project Management Perspective, Devendra Potnis, Bhakti Gala

School of Information Sciences -- Faculty Publications and Other Works

There is very little guidance in library and information science (LIS) literature about how researchers should manage the scope, time, costs, quality, human resources, communications, and risks associated with LIS research projects. To fill this gap, researchers tested the utility of project management principles (PMP) for planning and managing a project designed to enhance the information, digital, and financial literacy of the people earning less than $2 per day in India. The customization of PMP through 29 mechanisms and 60 action items was used to conduct focus groups and in-person surveys with over 150 participants, in their native language, at …