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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Aggregate-Level Lead Exposure, Gun Violence, Homicide, And Rape, Brian B. Boutwell, Erik J. Nelson, Zhengmin Qian, Michael G. Vaughn, John P. Wright, John P. Wright, Kevin M. Beaver, Kevin M. Beaver, J. C. Barnes, Melissa Petkovsek, Roger Lewis, Mario Schootman, Richard Rosenfeld
Aggregate-Level Lead Exposure, Gun Violence, Homicide, And Rape, Brian B. Boutwell, Erik J. Nelson, Zhengmin Qian, Michael G. Vaughn, John P. Wright, John P. Wright, Kevin M. Beaver, Kevin M. Beaver, J. C. Barnes, Melissa Petkovsek, Roger Lewis, Mario Schootman, Richard Rosenfeld
Richard Rosenfeld
Context
An increasing body of research has linked the geographic distribution of lead with various indicators of criminal and antisocial behavior.
Objective
The current study, using data from an ongoing project related to lead exposure in St. Louis City, MO, analyzed the association between aggregate blood lead levels and specific indicators violent crime within the city.
Design
Ecological study.
Setting
St. Louis, Missouri.
Exposure measure
Blood lead levels.
Main outcome measure
Official reports of violent crimes were categorized as 1) crimes involving a firearm (yes/no), 2) assault crimes (with or without a firearm), 3) robbery crimes (with or without a …
Institutions, Anomie, And Violent Crime: Clarifying And Elaborating Institutional-Anomie Theory, Richard Rosenfeld, Steven F. Messner
Institutions, Anomie, And Violent Crime: Clarifying And Elaborating Institutional-Anomie Theory, Richard Rosenfeld, Steven F. Messner
Richard Rosenfeld
A limited but accumulating body of research and theoretical commentary offers support for core claims of the “institutional-anomie theory” of crime (IAT) and points to areas needing further development. In this paper, which focuses on violent crime, we clarify the concept of social institutions, elaborate the cultural component of IAT, derive implications for individual behavior, summarize empirical applications, and propose directions for future research. Drawing on Talcott Parsons, we distinguish the “subjective” and “objective” dimensions of institutional dynamics and discuss their interrelationship. We elaborate on the theory’s cultural component with reference to Durkheim’s distinction between “moral” and “egoistic” individualism and …