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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Intellectual property (3)
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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Knowledge Commons (2019), Michael J. Madison, Brett M. Frischmann, Katherine J. Strandburg
Knowledge Commons (2019), Michael J. Madison, Brett M. Frischmann, Katherine J. Strandburg
Book Chapters
This chapter provides an introduction to and overview of the knowledge commons research framework. Knowledge commons refers to an institutional approach (commons) to governing the production, use, management, and/or preservation of a particular type of resource (knowledge). The research framework supplies a template for interrogating the details of knowledge commons institutions on a case study basis, generating qualitative data that may be used to support comparative analysis.
Hemp Fiber, Howard J. Bromberg, Ming Y. Zheng
Hemp Fiber, Howard J. Bromberg, Ming Y. Zheng
Book Chapters
Hemp, Cannabis sativa, is indigenous to temperate regions in Asia. All major industrialized countries but the United States cultivate hemp for its fibers and oil-rich seeds. The former Soviet Union was the world's leading producer until the 1980s. As of 2018, China was the largest producer, with other significant industries in Ukraine, Russia, China, Canada, Austria, Australia, Great Britain, Hungary, Romania, Poland, France, Italy, and Spain.
Cannabis was initially spread around the world because of its fiber, not its intoxicant chemicals or its nutritious oil seeds. It is one of the oldest sources of textile fiber, whose use for cloth …
Trump, Donald: Environmental Policy Of,, Howard J. Bromberg
Trump, Donald: Environmental Policy Of,, Howard J. Bromberg
Book Chapters
Businessman and US. president Donald John Trump was born in Queens, New York, to Frederick (Fred) Trump and Mary MacLeod. Fred Trump, a real estate developer, brought Donald into the family real estate business. Through his business operations, Trump became a billionaire. Donald also became a television celebrity with the reality show The Apprentice. In one of the most unpredictable elections in American history, Trump became the 45th president of the United States. His administration aggressively promoted development of oil, gas, mineral, and coal resources. In doing so, he revoked numerous environmental protections.
Environmental Law In The United States, Howard J. Bromberg, Joshua I. Barrett
Environmental Law In The United States, Howard J. Bromberg, Joshua I. Barrett
Book Chapters
Environmental law in the United States comprises a complex patchwork of federal, state, and local statutes and regulations, along with the traditions of common law. Most statutory environmental programs emerged in the second half of the twentieth century. In the 1960s, writings such as Rachel Carson's Silent Spring (1962) fueled environmental awareness in the United States; the first Earth Day, celebrated on April 22, 1970, symbolized the birth of vironmental law entered a new era in 1970, when President Richard Nixon created the Environmental Protection Agency and the U.S. Congress passed the National Environmental Policy Act and the 1970 Clean …
Montreal Protocol, Howard J. Bromberg, Mark S. Coyne, W. J. Maunder
Montreal Protocol, Howard J. Bromberg, Mark S. Coyne, W. J. Maunder
Book Chapters
DATE: Signed September 16, 1987; took effect January 1, 1989; amended 1990, 1992, 1995, 1997, and 1999
The Montreal Protocol was created to help preserve the Earth’s ozone layer by severely limiting the production and use of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs ) and other halogenated compounds.
The Football As Intellectual Property Object, Michael J. Madison
The Football As Intellectual Property Object, Michael J. Madison
Book Chapters
The histories of technology and culture are filled with innovations that emerged and took root by being shared widely, only to be succeeded by eras of growth framed by intellectual property. The Internet is a modern example. The football, also known as the pelota, ballon, bola, balón, and soccer ball, is another, older, and broader one. The football lies at the core of football. Intersections between the football and intellectual property law are relatively few in number, but the football supplies a focal object through which the great themes of intellectual property have shaped the game: origins; innovation and …
Biobanks As Knowledge Institutions, Michael J. Madison
Biobanks As Knowledge Institutions, Michael J. Madison
Book Chapters
This chapter describes biobanks as institutions for collection, preservation, curation, and production of knowledge and information, in both material and immaterial forms. That characterization calls for research and comparative analysis of the broad diversity of specific biobanks, using a standardized research framework. Such a framework is identified and described here, as the knowledge commons framework. The chapter describes applications of the framework to biobanks to date and suggests directions for future research.