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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Including Jobs In Benefit-Cost Analysis, Timothy J. Bartik
Including Jobs In Benefit-Cost Analysis, Timothy J. Bartik
Upjohn Institute Working Papers
Public policies may affect employment by directly creating jobs, facilitating job creation, or augmenting labor supply. In labor markets with high unemployment, such employment changes may have significant net efficiency benefits, which should be included in benefit-cost analyses.
The research literature offers diverse recommendations on measuring employment benefits. Many of the recommendations rely on arbitrary assumptions. The resulting employment benefit estimates vary widely.
This paper reviews this literature, and offers recommendations on how to better measure employment benefits using estimable parameters. Guidance is provided on measuring policy-induced labor demand, estimating the demand shock’s impact on labor market outcomes, and translating …
Poverty Measures And Anti-Poverty Policy, Francois Bourguignon, Gary S. Fields
Poverty Measures And Anti-Poverty Policy, Francois Bourguignon, Gary S. Fields
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] Amartya Sen has made fundamental contributions to the study of distributional aspects of economic growth and decline. Among his pathbreaking works are his lectures on the economics of inequality (Sen, 1973), his article on the axiomatics of poverty measurement (Sen, 1976), and his book on anti-poverty policy in the context of famines (Sen, 1981). This paper is concerned with one of these areas, namely, the measurement of poverty and the implications for anti-poverty policy. In the 1960's and 1970's those who were working in the poverty field held a number of somewhat incompletely articulated views as to the extent …
The Impact Of Government Policies On Urban Employment In Small Economies, Gary S. Fields
The Impact Of Government Policies On Urban Employment In Small Economies, Gary S. Fields
Gary S Fields
[Excerpt] Most of the policies intended to affect urban employment are not specifically employment policies nor are they specifically urban. Rather, the amount of urban employment, the composition of that employment, and the returns from it are determined by a whole host of policies. To review them all in a short paper is an impossible undertaking. The criterion by which I decided which policies to consider is policy-relevance, asking which set of policies is apt to have the largest impact on employment.