Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Role Of Private Military Companies In Us-Africa Policy, Emmanuel Aning, Thomas Jaye, Samuel Atuobi

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

This article discusses the increasing use of private military companies (PMCs) in United States' security policy in Africa, and examines this phenomenon in relation to the US' various military training programmes on the continent. We argue that the increasing use of PMCs in US security policy has evolved due to two critical and mutually dependent developments; African state weakness and resource stringency on the one hand, and the US's overwhelming security commitments around the world, combined with military downsizing, on the other. The article further argues that the involvement of PMCs is to a large extent informed by US concerns …

International Terrorism:Role ,Responsibility And Operation Of Media Channles, Ratnesh Dwivedi Mr

Ratnesh Dwivedi

"Terrorism" is a term that cannot be given a stable defintion. Or rather, it can, but to do so forstalls any attempt to examine the major feature of its relation to television in the contemporary world. As the central public arena for organising ways of picturing and talking about social and political life, TV plays a pivotal role in the contest between competing defintions, accounts and explanations of terrorism. Which term is used in any particular context is inextricably tied to judgemements about the legitimacy of the action in question and of the political system against which it is directed. …

U.S. Foreign Policy Toward West Africa: Issues On Democracy, Economic Development And Security, Andrew Ewoh

Andrew I.E. Ewoh

No abstract provided.

Special Collections At The United States International University Library In Kenya: Strategies For Development And Implementation, Michele Gibney

Michele Gibney

Due to the completion of a brand-new library building at the United States International University (USIU) in Nairobi, Kenya, opportunities for collection development at the library have appeared. This paper outlines three strategies for taking advantage of the special collections holdings and developing them over time. The authors provide research on creating an Africana collection, a United Nations (U.N.) Depository, and a UNESCO Memory of the World Program digital archive. These efforts are aimed at increasing indigenous knowledge and raising the profile of the university internationally. The global implications of this project dovetail with the university’s stated mission of expanding …

The Emerging New Human Being, The Culture-In-The-Self, And Ahp's New Multidimensional Intercultural Initiative, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

The emerging New Human Being will need to explore and come to terms with a phenomenon, operating deeply, uniquely, and diversely at a core level of all human beings on the planet. I call this phenomenon the “culture-in-the-Self,” a term coined some years ago by cofounders of Interculture Inc. What we commonly think of as culture is just the surface of this phenomenon, often appearing outwardly in the diverse “forms” of cultural scripts, beliefs, values, behaviors, and customs). I want to call attention to what goes on beneath surface culture(s), and how AHP intends to play a primary role in …

Conditional Incentives As A Basis For Rural Development In Egypt, Gideon Kruseman

Gideon Kruseman

policy bvrief concerning outcomes of conference “Developing Policy Towards Dynamic Rural Areas in Egypt” held on June 16th 2008, focusing on four important components: agricultural competitiveness, environment and countryside, economic diversification and quality of rural life and local institutional capacity.

Saga Of African Underdevelopment: A Viable Approach For Africa's Sustainable Development In The 21st Century, Tetteh A. Kofi, Asayehgn Desta

Asayehgn Desta

A Primary Human Challenge, Carroy U. Ferguson

Carroy U "Cuf" Ferguson, Ph.D.

We may ask why, at both the individual and collective levels, it has seemed so difficult for us to choose to evolve our human games with Joy. There is no one answer for such a question, for each of us has the gift of free will. I will suggest, however, that built into our human games is what I call a primary human challenge. That primary human challenge is a dynamic tension, flowing from our creative urge for the freedom “to be” who we really are in our current physical form, and simultaneously to embrace our responsibility for our Being-ness.

The Anfal Campaign Of Genocide Against Kurds In Iraq: Historical Context And Overview, Jesse Benjamin

Jesse Benjamin

No abstract provided.

From 'Voluntary' To A 'Binding' Process: Towards The Securitisation Of Small Arms, Emmanuel Aning

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

This article analyses the issue of small arms and light weapons (SALW) proliferation in both Ghana and the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). Specifically, it assesses the extent to which both Ghana and ECOWAS have 'securitised' this particular issue through an initial 'voluntary' instrument first in 1998 and extended in 2001 until the signing in June 2006 of a legally and politically binding ECOWAS Convention on Small Arms and Light Weapons, their Ammunition and Other Related Materials. To do so, the article begins by setting out the scope and a brief history of the SALW problem in West …

Brenda Shaffer (Ed.), The Limits Of Culture: Islam And Foreign Policy (Cambridge: Mit Press, 2006, 350pp), Mehmet Ozkan

Mehmet OZKAN

No abstract provided.

When Beef Was King. Or Why Do Colombians Eat So Little Pork?, Shawn Van Ausdal

Shawn Van Ausdal

This article seeks to understand why Colombians, compared to many other Latin Americans, have traditionally eaten so much more beef than pork. The article first points to the development of a culinary tradition that favored beef. The bulk of the argument, though, centers on the fact that, historically, beef has been substantially cheaper than pork. This price difference, in turn, is rooted in the low productivity of Colombian agriculture, which made corn, often used to fatten hogs, expensive. Additional factors that favored beef include a receding agrarian frontier, a small hog population, the various advantages of cattle, a conflict–ridden history …

Pan-African Writings On East Africa And The Marginalization In Western Scholarship, Jesse Benjamin

Jesse Benjamin

No abstract provided.

The Other China, Vilma Seeberg

Vilma Seeberg

Evaluating primary enrollment figures for rural children particularly girls against sex ration for newborns and NGO reports of lack of birth registrations of girls (hei hukou), produces a net primary enrollment rate (49%) half of the official data (98%). Poverty data and One-Child Policy fines explain the context of the lower enrollment rates.

Us Peace-Operations Policy In Africa: From Acri To Africom, A. Sarjoh Bah, Emmanuel Aning

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

This article examines the changing nature of US peacekeeping policy in Africa in the postcold war period. After an account of the failures in Somalia and Rwanda in the early 1990s, it traces the evolution of various training programmes, from the African Crisis Response Initiative (ACRI) in the early 1990s to the African Command (AFRICOM). We argue that, while these initiatives had some characteristics that were welcomed by African states, the programmes never achieved their full potential. The United States was quick to replace one programme with another when it ran into difficulty with the recipients, leading to a shift …

Kenya's Post-Election Violence In Colonial Context: The Invention And Renegotiation Of Ethnicity, Nationalism And Structures Of Post-Colonial Power, Jesse Benjamin

Jesse Benjamin

No abstract provided.

Walking Through The Storm, Norman Powell

Norman W. Powell

No abstract provided.

The Globalization Of World Politics: Case Studies From Australia, New Zealand And The Asia Pacific, Stuart Murray

Stuart Murray

No abstract provided.

Lost In Transition: Navigating And Exploring Alternative Education, Norman Powell

Norman W. Powell

No abstract provided.

Every Student Graduates, Norman Powell

Norman W. Powell

No abstract provided.

The Janus-Faced Character Of Tourism In Cuba: Ideological Continuity And Change, Kathleen Adams

Kathleen M. Adams

No abstract provided.

Strategies For Working With Children From Diverse Backgrounds, Norman Powell

Norman W. Powell

No abstract provided.

Environment And Development In Uganda: Understanding The Global Influence On Domestic Policy, Christopher Gore

Christopher D Gore

No abstract provided.

China’S Ventures In Africa, Emmanuel Aning, Delphine Lecroute

Emmanuel Kwesi Aning

In this paper, we are guided by several questions of which the critical one is whether Sino-African relations are merely opportunistic and based on an ad hoc momentum, or whether they reflect a real strategy based on presence and territorial domination in the new context of competition and cooperation on the reconfigured African continent. We argue that any endeavour to appreciate the complexities of this relationship needs a more nuanced and differentiated appreciation and understanding of Sino-African relations. Such an approach will elucidate the complex relationship between Africa and China and, more importantly, emphasise the delicate nuances that are overlooked …

Rebranding America : The Occidental Strategy, Derek Shearer

Derek Shearer

No abstract provided.

Healthy Urban Food Production And Local Government, Christopher Gore

Christopher D Gore

No abstract provided.

Refugee Camps In The Palestinian And Sahrawi National Liberation Movements: A Comparative Perspective, Randa Farah

Randa R Farah Dr.

Drawing on ethnographic field research, this analysis compares the evolution of refugee camps as incubators of political organization and repositories of collective memory for Palestinian refugees in Jordan and Sahrawi refugees of the Western Sahara. While recognizing the significant differences between the historical and geopolitical contexts of the two groups and their national movements (the PLO and Polisario, respectively), the author examines the Palestinian and Sahrawi projects of national consciousness formation and institution-building, concluding that Palestinian camps are “mapped” in relation to the past, while political organization in Sahrawi camps evidences a forward-looking vision.

A Statewide Study Of Transitions Of Youth At Risk In Non-Traditional Educational Programs, Norman Powell

Norman W. Powell

No abstract provided.

Electricity And Privatization In Uganda: The Origins Of Crisis And Problems With Response, Christopher Gore

Christopher D Gore

No abstract provided.

Emotions In Conflict: Correlates Of Fear And Hope In The Israeli-Jewish Society, Rafi Nets-Zehngut

Dr. Rafi Nets-Zehngut (Israel)