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Articles 1 - 18 of 18
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Surveys Of Calling Amphibians In North Dakota, Douglas H. Johnson, Ronald D. Batie
Surveys Of Calling Amphibians In North Dakota, Douglas H. Johnson, Ronald D. Batie
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Amphibians have received increased attention in recent years from the scientific community and general public alike. Many populations throughout the world have declined or have been extirpated, often without an apparent cause. Concern about the status of amphibians has translated into a growing interest in systematic and statistically sound monitoring programs. Several extensive efforts to monitor populations of calling amphibians are in place, and more are under development. Necessary for the design of appropriate surveys is an understanding of the behavior, especially vocalization, of the various species, and how it varies by geographic location and environmental conditions. In 1995 we …
Evidence Of American Woodcock Nesting In Southeastern South Dakota, Felicia Y. Sargeant, Glen A. Sargeant
Evidence Of American Woodcock Nesting In Southeastern South Dakota, Felicia Y. Sargeant, Glen A. Sargeant
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Generally, breeding-season observations of American woodcock in North Dakota have been considered noteworthy. Stewart (1975) compiled reports of two unconfirmed instances of breeding prior to 1923. He also reported observations of American woodcock during the breeding seasons of 1923, 1934, 1957, 1969, and 1972 and that a courtship territory was occupied by a displaying male in 1971 and 1972. Smith and Barclay (1978) surveyed individuals in wildlife agencies, universities, and ornithological societies for reports of breeding by American woodcock and obtained four reports of courtship displays in North Dakota, but none of nesting. Faanes and Andrew (1983) banded a male …
On The Rarity Of Food Provisioning By Male Dickcissels, Lawrence D. Igl, Louis B. Best
On The Rarity Of Food Provisioning By Male Dickcissels, Lawrence D. Igl, Louis B. Best
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Males of polygynous bird species typically provide less parental care to their offspring than males of monogamous species (Ketterson and Nolan 1994). Generally, in polygynous species, a male forfeits some potential reproductive success ifhe shifts his reproductive effort from mating with multiple females to parental care (Trivers 1972, Gubemick et al. 1993, Schleicher et al. 1993). In the polygynous dickcissel (Spiza americana), singing and foraging activities constitute much of a male's time-activity budget (Schartz and Zimmerman 1971, Finck 1984). Although male dickcissels are attentive to their nests and mates (e.g., nest protection and vigilance) females incubate the eggs …
Duck Populations As Indicators Of Landscape Condition In The Prairie Pothole Region, Jane Austin, Thomas K. Buhl, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Wayne Norling, H. Thomas Sklebar
Duck Populations As Indicators Of Landscape Condition In The Prairie Pothole Region, Jane Austin, Thomas K. Buhl, Glenn R. Guntenspergen, Wayne Norling, H. Thomas Sklebar
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
The Prairie Pothole Region of the northern Great Plains is an important region for waterfowl production because of the abundance of shallow wetlands. The ecological significance of the region and impacts from intensive agriculture prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to select it as one of the first areas for developing and evaluating ecological indicators of wetland condition. We examined hypothesized relations between indicators of landscape and wetland conditions and waterfowl abundance on 45 40 km2 study sites in North Dakota for 1995–1996. Landscape condition was defined a priori as the ratio of cropland area to total upland area …
Mitochondrial Phylogeography, Subspecific Taxonomy, And Conservation Genetics Of Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis; Aves: Gruidae), Judith M. Rhymer, Matthew G. Fain, Jane E. Austin, Douglas H. Johnson, Carey Krajewski
Mitochondrial Phylogeography, Subspecific Taxonomy, And Conservation Genetics Of Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis; Aves: Gruidae), Judith M. Rhymer, Matthew G. Fain, Jane E. Austin, Douglas H. Johnson, Carey Krajewski
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Six subspecies of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) have been denoted based on perceived morphological and/or breeding locality differences among them. Three subspecies are migratory, breeding from the high arctic in North America and Siberia (lesser sandhill, G. c. canadensis), south through central Canada (Canadian sandhill, G. c. rowani) and into the northern United States (greater sandhill, G. c. tabida). A review of sandhill crane taxonomy indicates that the size variation, on the basis of which these subspecies were named, may be clinal and not diagnostic. The other three subspecies, all listed as endangered or threatened, …
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Bobolink, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Amy L. Zimmerman, Betty R. Euliss
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Bobolink, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Amy L. Zimmerman, Betty R. Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus):
Breeding range
Suitable habitat
Area requirements
Brown-headed Cowbird brood parasitism
Breeding-season phenology and site fidelity
Species’ response to management
Management Recommendations
Characteristics
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Swainson’S Hawk, Jill A. Dechant, Meghan F. Dinkins, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Betty R. Euliss
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Swainson’S Hawk, Jill A. Dechant, Meghan F. Dinkins, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Betty R. Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Swainson’s Hawk (Buteo swainsoni):
Breeding range
Suitable habitat
Prey habitat
Area requirements
Brown-headed Cowbird brood parasitism
Breeding-season phenology and site fidelity
Species’ response to management
Management Recommendations
Habitat Characteristics
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Marbled Godwit, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Marbled Godwit, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Marbled Godwit (Limosa fedoa):
Breeding range
Suitable habitat
Area requirements
Brown-headed Cowbird brood parasitism
Breeding-season phenology and site fidelity
Species’ response to management
Management Recommendations
Habitat Characteristics
Book Review: Research Techniques In Animal Ecology: Controversies And Consequences, Douglas H. Johnson
Book Review: Research Techniques In Animal Ecology: Controversies And Consequences, Douglas H. Johnson
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
This edited volume covers a number of techniques widely used in animal ecology. It is intended not so much as a handbook, though, as a critique. Authors of each chapter present an overview of the techniques pertinent to the topic of that chapter, then point out weaknesses and strengths of those techniques. This book is the result of a workshop held in Sicily in late 1996, which involved a small group of scientists and a limited audience of 75. The authors, noted European and North American scientists, have clearly expended the effort to synthesize a lot of information for the …
Suggestions For Presenting The Results Of Data Analysis, David R. Anderson, William A. Link, Douglas H. Johnson, Kenneth P. Burnham
Suggestions For Presenting The Results Of Data Analysis, David R. Anderson, William A. Link, Douglas H. Johnson, Kenneth P. Burnham
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
We give suggestions for the presentation of research results from frequentist, information-theoretic, and Bayesian analysis paradigms, followed by several general suggestions. The information-theoretic and Bayesian methods offer alternative approaches to data analysis and inference compared to traditionally used methods. Guidance is lacking on the presentation of results under these alternative procedures and on nontesting aspects of classical frequentist methods of statistical analysis. Null hypothesis testing has come under intense criticism. We recommend less reporting of the results of statistical tests of null hypotheses in cases where the null is surely false anyway, or where the null hypothesis is of little …
Statistics For Wildlifers: How Much And What Kind?, Douglas H. Johnson, Terry L. Shaffer, Wesley E. Newton
Statistics For Wildlifers: How Much And What Kind?, Douglas H. Johnson, Terry L. Shaffer, Wesley E. Newton
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Quantitative methods are playing increasingly important roles in wildlife ecology and, ultimately, management. This change poses a challenge for wildlife practitioners and students who are not well educated in mathematics and statistics. Here we give our opinions on what wildlife biologists should know about statistics, while recognizing that not everyone is inclined mathematically. For those who are, we recommend that they take mathematics coursework at least through calculus and linear algebra. They should take statistics courses that are focused conceptually, stressing the "why" rather than the "how" of doing statistics. For less mathematically oriented wildlifers, introductory classes in statistical techniques …
Area Requirements Of Grassland Birds: A Regional Perspective, Douglas Johnson, Lawrence Igl
Area Requirements Of Grassland Birds: A Regional Perspective, Douglas Johnson, Lawrence Igl
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Area requirements of grassland birds ha ve not been studied except in tallgrass prairie. We studied the relation between both species-occurrence and density and patch size by conducting 699 fixed-radius point counts of 15 bird species on 303 restored grassland areas in nine counties in four northern Great Plains states. Northern Harrier (Circus cyaneus), Sedge Wren (Cistothorus platensis, Clay-colored Sparrow (Spizella pallida), Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), Baird’s Sparrow ( Ammodramus bairdii)), Le Conte’s Sparrow (Ammodramus leconteii), and Bobolink (Dolichonyx oryzivorus) were shown to favor larger grassland patches …
Prevalence Of Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) In Wild Mink (Mustela Vison) In Minnesota, L. David Mech, Shawn P. Tracy
Prevalence Of Giant Kidney Worm (Dioctophyma Renale) In Wild Mink (Mustela Vison) In Minnesota, L. David Mech, Shawn P. Tracy
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Of 138 wild mink (Mustela vison) from eastern Minnesota, 27% contained Dioctophyma renale, primarily in the right kidney. No significant difference between prevalence in adult male and immature male mink was found, nor between the prevalence in males vs. female mink. Thirteen worms were found in one male mink, representing the highest documented infection intensity of a single wild mink.
Evaluation Of The Bird Conservation Area Concept In The Northern Tallgrass Prairie: Annual Report 2001, Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Dechant, Therese M. Donovan, W. Daniel Svedarsky
Evaluation Of The Bird Conservation Area Concept In The Northern Tallgrass Prairie: Annual Report 2001, Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Dechant, Therese M. Donovan, W. Daniel Svedarsky
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
In 1998 we initiated a test of the concept that Bird Conservation Areas (BCA's) can maintain populations of breeding grassland birds. The underlying hypothesis is that large core areas of quality habitat (such as native prairie) that are surrounded by neutral habitats (such as small-grain fields), and that are isolated from hostile habitats (such as woody vegetation) will result in avian densities and reproductive rates sufficient to at least maintain population levels of breeding birds. This concept was proposed by the Midwest Working Group of Partners In Flight (e.g., Pashley and Fitzgerald 1996) and endorsed also by the Prairie Pothole …
Estimated Areal Extent Of Colonies Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs In The Northern Great Plains, John Sidle, Douglas Johnson, Betty Euliss
Estimated Areal Extent Of Colonies Of Black-Tailed Prairie Dogs In The Northern Great Plains, John Sidle, Douglas Johnson, Betty Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
During 1997-1998, we undertook an aerial survey, with an aerial line-intercept technique, to estimate the extent of colonies of black-tailed prairie dogs (Cynomys ludovicianus) in the northern Great Plains states of Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wyoming. We stratified the survey based on knowledge of colony locations, computed 2 types of estimates for each stratum, and combined ratio estimates for high-density strata with average density estimates for low-density strata. Estimates of colony areas for black-tailed prairie dogs were derived from the average percentages of lines intercepting prairie dog colonies and ratio estimators. We selected the best estimator …
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Sprague’S Pipit, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Sprague’S Pipit, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Sprague’s Pipit (Anthus spragueii):
Breeding range
Suitable habitat
Area requirements
Brown-headed Cowbird brood parasitism
Breeding-season phenology and site fidelity
Species’ response to management
Management Recommendations
Habitat Characteristics
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Short-Eared Owl, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
Effects Of Management Practices On Grassland Birds: Short-Eared Owl, Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Short-Eared Owl (Asio flammeus):
Breeding range
Suitable habitat
Prey habitat
Area requirements
Brown-headed Cowbird brood parasitism
Breeding-season phenology and site fidelity
Species’ response to management
Management Recommendations
Habitat Characteristics
Mitochondrial Phylogeography, Subspecific Taxonomy, And Conservation Genetics Of Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis; Aves: Gruidae), Judith M. Rhymer, Matthew G. Fain, Jane E. Austin, Douglas H. Johnson, Carey Krajewski
Mitochondrial Phylogeography, Subspecific Taxonomy, And Conservation Genetics Of Sandhill Cranes (Grus Canadensis; Aves: Gruidae), Judith M. Rhymer, Matthew G. Fain, Jane E. Austin, Douglas H. Johnson, Carey Krajewski
USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center
Six subspecies of sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis) have been denoted based on perceived morphological and/or breeding locality differences among them. Three subspecies are migratory, breeding from the high arctic in North America and Siberia (lesser sandhill, G. c. canadensis), south through central Canada (Canadian sandhill, G. c. rowani) and into the northern United States (greater sandhill, G. c. tabida). A review of sandhill crane taxonomy indicates that the size variation, on the basis of which these subspecies were named, may be clinal and not diagnostic. The other three subspecies, all listed as endangered or threatened, …