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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Successful But Exhausted: The Effect Of Tokenism On Black Employees, Sydney Green
Successful But Exhausted: The Effect Of Tokenism On Black Employees, Sydney Green
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Despite organizations' efforts to reduce racial inequality in the workplace, White employees continue to outnumber Black employees in many organizations and workgroups. The present research investigates the cognitive performance of Black and White men experiencing different degrees of group racial representation and explores whether keeping their performance private reduces the effect of group racial representation. A sample recruited via Prolific included 491 men, (50.50% White and 49.50% Black), aged 18 to 65 years (M = 39.3, SD = 10.4) working in the U.S. at least 31 hours per week (M = 42.2, SD = 6.7). Using an online …
The Development And Validation Of Implicit Measures For Black Women Stereotypes, Natasha Pierre
The Development And Validation Of Implicit Measures For Black Women Stereotypes, Natasha Pierre
MSU Graduate Theses
The struggles that Black women face in everyday life are underrepresented in the research literature. Part of these hardships involve negative stereotypes that are associated with Black women. The purpose of this project was to create measures to assess the implicit association between stereotypic attributes and Black women. This study used Implicit Association Test (IAT) procedures to develop implicit measures of Black women stereotypes and investigate relationships with theoretically related explicit (self-report) measures in a sample of university students. Results indicated the implicit measures have acceptable psychometric properties (low stimuli misclassification error rates and adequate internal consistency) and sufficient variability …
Listening To Neurodiverse Voices In The Workplace, Lewis Burton, Vicki Carss, Ricardo Twumasi
Listening To Neurodiverse Voices In The Workplace, Lewis Burton, Vicki Carss, Ricardo Twumasi
Ought: The Journal of Autistic Culture
Neurodivergent individuals face many challenges in the workplace, job application process, recruitment process and in the work environment. This qualitative study aimed to gain insight into the experiences of neurodivergent individuals and some of the barriers faced in these domains at work. Twenty-one neurodivergent individuals took part in semi-structured interviews. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to give voice to interviewees first-person lived experience. Six superordinate themes were highlighted in this study: ‘External Perceptions of Neurodiversity’, ‘Identity Degradation”, ‘Self-Identity’, ‘Organisational Obstacles’, ‘Neurodiversity Empowerment’, and ‘Language Regarding Neurodiversity’. This study found that neurodivergent individuals are impacted by the inaccurate stereotypes and assumptions …
Video Meetings In A Pandemic Era: Emotional Exhaustion, Stressors, And Coping, Betty J. Johnson
Video Meetings In A Pandemic Era: Emotional Exhaustion, Stressors, And Coping, Betty J. Johnson
Antioch University Dissertations & Theses
In the first quarter of 2020, societal upheavals related to the COVID-19 pandemic included employers’ work-from-home mandates and an almost overnight adoption of video meetings to replace in-person meetings no longer possible due to contagion fears and social distancing requirements. This exploratory study aimed to address, in part, the scientific knowledge gap about video meetings as a source of emotional labor. The study used mixed methods to explore three hypotheses concerning how the contemporary use of video meetings related to emotional exhaustion, stressors, and coping. Data were gathered through an online survey questionnaire. Emotional exhaustion, the dependent variable in the …
Gender Differences In Personality: An Item-Level Analysis, Casey C. Smith
Gender Differences In Personality: An Item-Level Analysis, Casey C. Smith
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Personality is a social and organizational construct with a substantial history and discourse. One particular area in personality that is of interest is gender differences in personality. Gender differences have been found on scales measuring various aspects of personality, such as narcissism (Grijalva et al., 2014). While there are differences present in personality data, there hasn’t been a consistent explanation for why this occurs. This research looked specifically at the construction of personality items to begin to understand the differences in personality by gender. While social roles and social context are mostly referenced to inform the response patterns of men …
Together We Can An Analysis Of Barriers To Women In Leadership And The Unique Challenges Facing Women Of Color, Alexandria Redmond
Together We Can An Analysis Of Barriers To Women In Leadership And The Unique Challenges Facing Women Of Color, Alexandria Redmond
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine and develop a scale on the current challenges facing women in leadership while giving special attention to the unique challenges facing women of color in leadership. The current study is the first of a multi-study scale development project for the Perceived Barriers to Women Leaders Scale (PBWLS). This paper aims to bring together literature on gender and ethnic differences in leadership and obstacles for women and women of color in attaining high-level positions in the workforce, and it also seeks to address measurement gaps in the literature. The final sample included 161 …
The Impact Of Experiencing Ageism And Social Support On The Relationship Between Age And Perceptions Of Self-Efficacy, Sean Alexander
The Impact Of Experiencing Ageism And Social Support On The Relationship Between Age And Perceptions Of Self-Efficacy, Sean Alexander
Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations
In the present research I investigated the impact ageism has on older employees’ occupational self-efficacy, and whether social support could decrease or change the strength of the relationship. Another goal of the present study was to assess if age and occupational self-efficacy had a linear relationship. Considering that older workers are often targeted by instances of ageism, this study focused on the ageist experiences of employees who were 40 years or older. A sample size of 208 MTurk workers participated in the online survey. Respondents were asked to answer questions relating to their experiences of ageism in work the workplace, …
The Influence Of Regional Stereotypes In Employee Selection, Brittani E. Plaisance
The Influence Of Regional Stereotypes In Employee Selection, Brittani E. Plaisance
Doctoral Dissertations
An individual’s social world is understood through categorizing other people as those within an individual’s own in-group and those without, or the out-group. Social cognitive theory suggests that individuals make decisions in social settings based on implicit social comparisons between these groups. Stereotypes are oversimplified beliefs about the members of a specific group and discrimination is the behavioral outcome based on held stereotypes. Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, age, and gender has dominated research in the realm of employee selection for the last twenty years. Researchers have demonstrated perceived and actual differences in various attributes by region of the United …
Expressing Pride: The Effects Skin Tone Has On Perceptions Of Agency, Communality, And Interpersonal Hostility For Black Women, Jessica Aikens
Expressing Pride: The Effects Skin Tone Has On Perceptions Of Agency, Communality, And Interpersonal Hostility For Black Women, Jessica Aikens
MSU Graduate Theses
This study is a replication and extension of Brosi, Welpe, Sporrle, and Heilman’s (2016) study that investigates the effects skin tone and emotional expression has on ratings of agency, communality, and interpersonal hostility. A picture of an African American female target was manipulated to depict three skin tones (light, brown, and dark) and expressed either pride or happiness. Data were collected from 399 participants via Amazon Mechanical Turk. Although explicit and implicit measures were used, the implicit measures were unreliable therefore, only the explicit measures were analyzed. Results revealed the brown target rated as more agentic and interpersonally hostile when …
Addressing Stereotype Threat Is Critical To Diversity And Inclusion In Organizational Psychology, Bettina Casad, William J. Bryant
Addressing Stereotype Threat Is Critical To Diversity And Inclusion In Organizational Psychology, Bettina Casad, William J. Bryant
Psychology Faculty Works
Recently researchers have debated the relevance of stereotype threat to the workplace. Critics have argued that stereotype threat is not relevant in high stakes testing such as in personnel selection. We and others argue that stereotype threat is highly relevant in personnel selection, but our review focused on underexplored areas including effects of stereotype threat beyond test performance and the application of brief, low-cost interventions in the workplace. Relevant to the workplace, stereotype threat can reduce domain identification, job engagement, career aspirations, and receptivity to feedback. Stereotype threat has consequences in other relevant domains including leadership, entrepreneurship, negotiations, and competitiveness. …
The Influence Of Implicit And Explicit Gender Bias On Grading, And The Effectiveness Of Rubrics For Reducing Bias, Sarah Marie Jackson
The Influence Of Implicit And Explicit Gender Bias On Grading, And The Effectiveness Of Rubrics For Reducing Bias, Sarah Marie Jackson
Browse all Theses and Dissertations
The effect of implicit bias on discriminatory grading in education has received considerable attention but, to date, no study has examined the effectiveness of using a rubric to reduce biased grading. Current research has demonstrated that the presence of a gender-normative name is sufficient to activate implicit gender bias, which can result in disparate treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of implicit and explicit gender bias on grading decisions for written assignments. When grading identical essays on the topic of computers (stereotypically-male), participants assigned significantly lower grades when the essay was supposedly written by a …
The Effects Of Sexual Orientation And Behavioral Style On Perceptions Of Men's Leadership Potential And Effectiveness, Kristin Elizabeth Mann
The Effects Of Sexual Orientation And Behavioral Style On Perceptions Of Men's Leadership Potential And Effectiveness, Kristin Elizabeth Mann
College of Science and Health Theses and Dissertations
This study addressed a gap in the industrial-organizational psychology research by investigating perceptions of LGBTQ leaders in the workplace. Specifically, it investigated the theory that gay men and heterosexual women experience similar scrutiny and resulting discrimination when in leadership roles. Participants were 363 psychology students who evaluated an applicant for a managerial position. Participants scored the candidate’s leadership potential (hirability) and effectiveness based upon his resume, biography, and short video interview. The candidate’s sexual orientation (gay, heterosexual, control) and behavioral style (agentic/masculine, communal/feminine) were manipulated, for a resulting 2 x 3 research design. By integrating gender and leadership theories with …
The Challenges Of Young-Typed Jobs And How Older Workers Adapt, Michael Reeves
The Challenges Of Young-Typed Jobs And How Older Workers Adapt, Michael Reeves
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study sought to explore the challenges faced by older workers who do not fit the age-type of their jobs and how older workers adapt to overcome those challenges. Specifically, I surveyed a national sample of 227 workers 50 years of age and older, in a wide variety of jobs, on measures of perceived age discrimination and adaptation behaviors. I found that fit, as determined by career timetables theory, but not prototype matching theory, successfully predicted perceived age discrimination. Specifically, more age discrimination was perceived when fewer older workers occupied a job. Additionally, multiple regression analysis showed that career timetables …
Assessing Interventions For Reducing Gender-Based Occupational Stereotypes : A Multi-Method Study Comparing The Implicit Association Test To Indirect And Explicit Measures Of Stereotypes, And An Examination Of Sex Roles And Entity Versus Incremental Lay Theories Of Social Perception, Carolyn C. Matheus
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Certain occupations are often stereotyped as feminine (e.g., elementary school teacher) while others are stereotyped as masculine (e.g., engineer) (White, Kruczek, Brown, & White, 1989; White & White, 2006). This study proposed using multiple methods to assess stereotypical judgments about the masculinity and femininity of five occupations: engineer, law enforcement officer, accountant, fashion designer, and elementary school teacher. Implicit, indirect, and explicit assessments were used to measure gender based stereotypes of occupations to examine similarities or differences between the different methods. Implicit assessments involve measuring automatic evaluations to stimuli, while indirect assessments involve gender ratings of attributes associated with occupations. …