Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Human Mobility (7)
- Transportation (7)
- Border Security (3)
- British Columbia (3)
- Economic Relationships (3)
-
- Fraser Lowland (3)
- Social cohesion (2)
- Surface water (2)
- Trade (2)
- Washington State (2)
- Acoustic Emission (1)
- Adoption (1)
- Beaches (1)
- Central America (1)
- City size (1)
- Coastal modeling (1)
- Community capacity (1)
- Community change (1)
- Community wildfire management (1)
- Community-company relationships (1)
- Comparative Analyses (1)
- Conflict analysis (1)
- Corporate social responsibility (1)
- Cross Border Region (1)
- Data structure (1)
- Delphi Model (1)
- Demographic trends (1)
- Descriptive mapping (1)
- Development (1)
- Fair trade (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 1 - 28 of 28
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Groundwater And Surface Mangement In The Fraser Lowlands: Policy And Rights, Ryan Anaka
Groundwater And Surface Mangement In The Fraser Lowlands: Policy And Rights, Ryan Anaka
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Development and urban growth within the Fraser Lowlands in both Canada and the United States, is putting increased pressure on shared water resources. The transboundary nature of surface watersheds and aquifers creates a dynamic management situation. Mismatched responsibility between levels of government in British Columbian B.C. and Washington State (WA) and different policy regarding management of watershed and aquifer use and protection can lead to conflict between watershed users at local and international levels. For example, a lack record of surface and groundwater withdrawal rates for private individuals in B.C has led to an information void. This has implications for …
Eco-Palms: Providing A Sustainable Commercial Alternative To Palms For Palm Sunday., Deidre Marine Peroff
Eco-Palms: Providing A Sustainable Commercial Alternative To Palms For Palm Sunday., Deidre Marine Peroff
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
There is a widespread view that commercialization of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in the tropical forests of Mesoamerica is both economically and environmentally sustainable in rural communities. Despite this belief, research shows that the harvesting and commercialization of NTFPs alone do not necessarily alleviate poverty or maintain biodiversity within rainforests. This paper describes the eco-palm program, a program which serves to sustainably harvest and export Chamaedorea palm fronds from Southern Mexico and Northern Guatemala. The eco-palm program works with churches in the United States to charge a five cent premium on palm fronds that are imported from Mexico and Guatemala …
Residential Wildfire Mitigation In Alberta, Canada., Hilary Flanagan, Bonita Lynn Mcfarlane, Tara Mcgee
Residential Wildfire Mitigation In Alberta, Canada., Hilary Flanagan, Bonita Lynn Mcfarlane, Tara Mcgee
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Much research on property owner participation in wildfire mitigation activities has been done in the USA and Australia but knowledge of Canadian property owner participation in wildfire mitigation activities is limited. This research aims to reduce this gap, by examining what mitigation activities wildland-urban interface residents in Alberta are adopting and factors that contribute to adoption. A mail survey collected data from a random sample of residential property owners in six Alberta communities during 2007 (n = 1,209). The survey assessed respondents' wildfire risk perceptions and factors influencing their adoption of wildfire mitigation activities. The results were examined among communities …
Sustainable Development In The Retail Sector: Rei's Stewardship Efforts., Martina Michalek
Sustainable Development In The Retail Sector: Rei's Stewardship Efforts., Martina Michalek
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
In recent decades, many corporations have implemented sustainable development techniques and tactics into Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) departments theoretically devoted to promoting environmental and humanitarian ideals. The broad principles guiding firm's CSR activities are directly related to stakeholder expectations and demands. The diversity of business stakeholders further complicates a firm's CSR principles, as representatives are required to determine proper socio-environmental actions while upholding the ethical ideology related to CSR. Utilizing stakeholder theory, correlations between stewardship efforts and economic gain illustrate the marketability of strong CSR principles. An analysis of REI's individual store stewardship programs and level of outreach within their …
Stalingrad: Decisions Under Fire., Todd Eastman
Stalingrad: Decisions Under Fire., Todd Eastman
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Conflict analysis is used to evaluate the potential options players could be expected to use to settle disputes. When compromise is not possible, the options for settling disputes become limited. The Battle of Stalingrad is studied using basic conflict analysis based on an historical summary.
Voronoi Diagram Approach To Defining Surface Hydrography Using Lidar-Generated Bare Earth Sample Points., Gerald B. Gabrisch
Voronoi Diagram Approach To Defining Surface Hydrography Using Lidar-Generated Bare Earth Sample Points., Gerald B. Gabrisch
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) typically rely on raster grid data structures to define surface hydrography and define watershed boundaries. The interpolation of grids from sample points and the algorithms used to define flow directions introduce error and compromise data quality, especially in areas of low relief. This research proposes a new approach in hydrographic geomorphometry, using Voronoi diagrams generated from airborne laser altimetry data points to determine flow direction and define watershed boundaries for the Lummi Indian Reservation in Whatcom County, Washington State. In theory, the Voronoi diagram approach will bypass the errors introduced by the raster grid by constructing …
Disrupting And Building A 'Sense Of Community': A Case Study Of The Northern Medical Program., Laura Ryser, Greg Halseth, Neil Hanlon
Disrupting And Building A 'Sense Of Community': A Case Study Of The Northern Medical Program., Laura Ryser, Greg Halseth, Neil Hanlon
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Since the early 1980s, stresses associated with health care restructuring have led to concerns about long-term access to physicians in northern BC communities. The Northern Medical Program at UNBC was established to enhance the supply of physicians who want to live and work in northern BC. Previous research suggests that a strong sense of community among care providers can improve the efficiency and provision of health care services. However, it is unclear how changes associated with the implementation of the NMP have impacted the sense of community, through relationships and networks, of those physicians currently practicing in northern BC. Using …
Proximity Ae Doublets Analysis For Subsurface Fracture Measurement., Koji Nagano
Proximity Ae Doublets Analysis For Subsurface Fracture Measurement., Koji Nagano
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Proximity Acoustic Emission (AE) doublets analysis is used for subsurface fracture measurement. AE is a microseismic event. Location and shape of subsurface fracture is estimated from distribution of AE sources. Measurement of subsurface fracture is important in many areas of human activities associating with the Earth. Motion of subsurface fracture causes earthquakes. Geothermal energy is extracted from subsurface fracture reservoirs in which steam and hot water are stored. Carbon dioxide is also stored in tiny spaces of subsurface fracture. Proximity AE doublet analysis is a new method in which fine structures of subsurface fracture can be estimated. Proximity AE doublets …
Transboundary Surface Water Management Framework Forcooperation, Ryan Anaka
Transboundary Surface Water Management Framework Forcooperation, Ryan Anaka
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Differing governmental organization and management strategies between Canada and the United States concerning watershed management is a cause for variance in resource management strategies. This paper discusses ongoing research investigating past transboundary watershed initiatives and current management schemes involved in transboundary watershed management. Individual stakeholders, Non-governmental organizations and all levels of government should collaborate to promote cooperation when designing and implementing transboundary watershed policy. Population expansion and urban development in Aldergrove and Abbotsford, British Columbia (B.C.) are impacting the Canadian portions of Bertrand and Fishtrap Creeks watersheds. As a result, flows have been altered from historical norms. Both watercourses and …
Development Of A Sense Of Community In An Instant Town., Jennifer R. Herkes
Development Of A Sense Of Community In An Instant Town., Jennifer R. Herkes
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Currently, resource towns in British Columbia are facing changes and are dealing with the challenges of restructuring, diversification, and sustainability. In order to overcome these challenges, communities must demonstrate capacity: the ability to come together to overcome challenges and change. Community capacity depends on the development of social cohesion among other things. Social cohesion, in turn, is developed through interaction. However, interaction is structured by many factors including place and social characteristics, either of which can inhibit or encourage interaction. This presentation outlines work for my master's thesis. Through a triangulated approach using focus groups and interviews, supplemented by GIS …
Beaches Response To Sea-Level Rise In Northern Puget Sound, Washington., Michael Grilliot
Beaches Response To Sea-Level Rise In Northern Puget Sound, Washington., Michael Grilliot
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
The threat of global sea-level rise and beach recession is an important issue that coastal managers all over the world must address. Sea-level rise in northern Puget Sound is estimated by the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group to be between 8 and 55 cm by 2050. Close to unrestricted development along much of the coast of Puget Sound has left a large number of developments susceptible to changing beach conditions. To better understand beaches response to sea-level rise I intent to apply a model, developed by Bruun (1962) and modified by Nicholls (1998) which predicts the coastlines response to …
Importance Of Place: Addressing Community-Company Relationships Within The Global Economy., Alex G. Martin
Importance Of Place: Addressing Community-Company Relationships Within The Global Economy., Alex G. Martin
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
The process of economic restructuring within the forestry sector has had dramatic impacts on BC's forest-dependent communities. As a result, the involvement of communities in resource extraction and processing activities has changed. As the forestry sector changed, the nature of the relationship between the resource company and the community changed. While literature on forestry sector restructuring and the resulting community impacts has grown since the 1980s, there has been little focus on community-company relationships and on resource peripheries in geographic theory. To gain a better understanding of these relationships, geographers must account for the uniqueness of resource peripheries while accounting …
Mapping Migration Patterns In The Upper Fraser Region, British Columbia, Kyle Kusch
Mapping Migration Patterns In The Upper Fraser Region, British Columbia, Kyle Kusch
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
In 2000 and 2005, two sets of oral history interviews were conducted with current and former residents who lived in the Upper Fraser region of British Columbia 1945 and 1975 (the peak years of sawmill operations in the region). Many of the questions posed revolved around issues of migration, including why residents migrated to the area, where they came from, and reasons for their departure. This research presents results of the two sets of interviews and displays the results using data-intensive descriptive mapping techniques. Results indicate that most residents arrived from the Prairie Provinces and Scandinavia in search of employment, …
Challenge Of Defining A National Urban Strategy In The Context Of Divergent Demographic Trends In Small And Large Canadian Cities., Gilles Viaud
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Once forgotten as an object of research, a growing literature dealing with various aspects of small cities has emerged since the new millennium. The answer to the question "does size matter?" has so far received positive empirical support on both sides of the Atlantic. Using the Federation of Canadian Municipalities (FCM) three quality of life studies as backdrop, this paper offers further evidence that small Canadian cities are worth our attention. Since 1999, FCM has extrapolated results from its series of quality of life studies carried out on a sample of large and medium sized cities to monitor key changes …
Clayburn Creek Watercourse Assessment: Development And Stream Management In An Urban Residential Area, Shawna M.T. Erickson, Steven Marsh
Clayburn Creek Watercourse Assessment: Development And Stream Management In An Urban Residential Area, Shawna M.T. Erickson, Steven Marsh
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
The Clayburn Creek watershed, Abbotsford, British Columbia has undergone numerous changes in the recent past. These changes have dramatically increased the number of high water flow events. High flow events on this fish bearing stream are causing increased erosion along the stream channel increasing the sediment load of the stream. These events can be correlated to increasing development and population growth upstream from Clayburn Village within the Clayburn Creek watershed. Mapping of the stream course with a Trimble GPS along with the plotting of numerous cross sections across the stream channel will allow the researchers to determine if any changes …
Imagining The Future Of Cross Border Management Within The Fraser Lowland: A Delphi Analysis Of Environmental Issues., Patrick Buckley, John Belec
Imagining The Future Of Cross Border Management Within The Fraser Lowland: A Delphi Analysis Of Environmental Issues., Patrick Buckley, John Belec
Western Division, Canadian Association of Geographers
Fraser Lowland, a unified bio-region divided between Whatcom County, Washington and lower mainland British Columbia, challenges development of consistent and effective environmental resource management. The recent impasse over a proposed power plant on the US side is a case in point. The main stumbling block was expected trans-border air-shed stress levels. In the absence of established cross-border institutional structures for air quality, the issue has evolved in an apparently makeshift and somewhat chaotic manner. This research drawing upon recent literature involving cross border regions [CBRs] and new forms of governance engendered in them will investigates current cross border perceptions on …
Costa Rican Ecotourism And The (Re)Construction Of Social-Natures On The Osa Peninsula, Brett Sylvester Matulis
Costa Rican Ecotourism And The (Re)Construction Of Social-Natures On The Osa Peninsula, Brett Sylvester Matulis
WWU Graduate School Collection
This thesis is concerned with the social construction of nature and society through ecotourism on the Osa Peninsula of Costa Rica. It demonstrates that ecotourism is based on an idealized conception of nature external to and separate from society, allowing uneven power relationships to go unexamined and causing themes of social justice and equity to go unaddressed in the development and implementation of it. In my research I show how society and nature are linked in a mutually re-constructive relationship in order to redirect attention onto the way in which powerful agents control the idea of nature in Costa Rica …
The Anwr Landscape: A Geographical Analysis Of Rhetoric And Representation, Jessica Renee Moyer
The Anwr Landscape: A Geographical Analysis Of Rhetoric And Representation, Jessica Renee Moyer
WWU Graduate School Collection
For over 40 years now, a remote piece of land in the northeast corner of Alaska has been the focus of a highly publicized and extremely controversial debate. This contested landscape, known as the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR), is valued for its striking vistas and unique wildlife as well as for its substantial petroleum reserves. As a result, environmentalists and oil industries have long been engaged in heated debate over its land use and resource management, and in particular over whether or not the refuge should be drilled for oil. While these two national interest groups have dominated the …
Initiating An Investigation Of The Border's Performance, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Stacia Dreyer, Bryant Hammond
Initiating An Investigation Of The Border's Performance, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Stacia Dreyer, Bryant Hammond
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
In recent months, two distinct projects designed to gauge the performance of the Canada – US border have been initiated. The University at Buffalo Regional Institute (UBRI) proposed the development of a “Border Barometer,” which is anticipated to be a set of metrics replicable along the breadth of the 49th parallel. UBRI is our partner in a new consortium that performs border-related research—the Northern Border University Research Consortium (NBURC)—and courtesy of a grant from the Canadian government, the NBURC is launching the Border Barometer project.
Cross Border Transportation Patterns At The Western Cascade Gateway: Implications For Mitigating The Impact Of Delay On Regional Supply Chains, Anne Victoria Goodchild, Susan Albrecht, Li Ying Leung
Cross Border Transportation Patterns At The Western Cascade Gateway: Implications For Mitigating The Impact Of Delay On Regional Supply Chains, Anne Victoria Goodchild, Susan Albrecht, Li Ying Leung
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The Pacific Highway border crossing in Blaine, Washington, is the fourth busiest commercial crossing on the northern border and the most significant commercial crossing for Western Canada and the U.S. (USDOT/FHWA 2006). The primary commodities that flow across this border are agricultural/food, wood, and paper products (WCOG Manifest Data). These commodities are not viewed as particularly time critical, as they do not move in a strictly scheduled environment, although in fact a significant proportion of these goods are highly perishable. Both of these factors are significantly different than along the eastern portion of the northern border, where goods are flowing …
Adapting The Border To Regional Realities: Observations On Exports At Buffalo And Blaine, Border Policy Research Institute
Adapting The Border To Regional Realities: Observations On Exports At Buffalo And Blaine, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
As the world’s largest trading partners, Canada and the United States share a diverse and highly integrated economy. However, many North Americans are unaware of the depth and breadth of this interdependence and the importance of successful border management to both countries. Today, the complex flow of goods between the two, governed by fairly rigid federal policies, is funneled along a few major trade corridors. This Border Brief examines key border issues by looking at U.S. export activity in October 2007 through two of those corridors—Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY, and Blaine, WA.
The Economic Impact Of Whti In Washington State (Revisited), Border Policy Research Institute
The Economic Impact Of Whti In Washington State (Revisited), Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Two years ago this month, the inaugural edition of the Border Policy Brief discussed the expected impact of the Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) upon the state of Washington. New analyses and data have become available since then, so in this issue we revisit the topic. WHTI, commonly referred to as the “passport law,” imposes new documentation requirements that could affect the volume of cross-border travel.
A New Annex To The Canada-Us Air Quality Agreement, Border Policy Research Institute
A New Annex To The Canada-Us Air Quality Agreement, Border Policy Research Institute
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Canada and the U.S. will soon begin negotiating the terms of an annex to the Canada – U.S. Air Quality Agreement. The annex will pertain to a type of air pollution known as particulate matter, colloquially referred to as PM. This article discusses the form of the Canada – U.S. Air Quality Agreement, the general nature of PM pollution, the transboundary aspects of PM pollution, and the regulatory context pertaining to PM within each nation. The article concludes with a discussion of the outcomes likely to be embodied within the upcoming annex to the Agreement. We judge that the annex …
Cross-Border Travel Through The Cascade Gateway, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Justin Kaiser, Riley Jones
Cross-Border Travel Through The Cascade Gateway, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson, Justin Kaiser, Riley Jones
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
Over the past 10 months, our Institute teamed with the Whatcom Council of Governments (WCOG) to conduct a survey of travelers crossing the Canada – U.S. border through the Cascade Gateway (i.e., the group of four ports-of-entry serving the I-5 corridor). The need for such a survey was identified by a binational forum called the International Mobility and Trade Corridor project (IMTC). From time to time, new questions arise about how to improve mobility through the border. Should a cross-border public transit route be developed? If so, from where to where? Should connector roads be built parallel to the border, …
An Atlas Of Land Entry Ports On The Canada-Us Border, Riley Jones, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson
An Atlas Of Land Entry Ports On The Canada-Us Border, Riley Jones, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
In a departure from the norm, this article provides no policy analysis, but instead serves simply as a reference document. The following maps identify the names and locations of all legal land portsof-entry along the Canada – U.S. border. Each port shown here is one at which a person can directly travel by personal vehicle (or on foot) from Canadian to U.S. soil.
Estimated Benefits Of Increased Visitation To Vancouver, Bc, Via Rail And Float Plane, David Lebowitz
Estimated Benefits Of Increased Visitation To Vancouver, Bc, Via Rail And Float Plane, David Lebowitz
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
There currently are proposals from two separate carriers to provide increased passenger service in the corridor between Seattle, WA, and Vancouver, BC. Amtrak proposes to add a second daily train along that route, and Kenmore Air proposes to initiate float plane service from Lake Union (Seattle) to Vancouver Harbour. This note provides an estimate of the economic benefit to Vancouver of the associated increase in visitation. The note considers only the benefits derived from tourism.
International Mobility & Trade Corridor Project (Imtc) 2008 Passenger Intercept Survey Final Report, Melissa Miller, Hugh Conroy, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson
International Mobility & Trade Corridor Project (Imtc) 2008 Passenger Intercept Survey Final Report, Melissa Miller, Hugh Conroy, David L. (David Lindsay) Davidson
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The 2008 survey is intended to serve as a complement to the 2000 survey, supporting the investigation of changes in behavior over time.
Governing Through Risk At The Canada/Us Border: Liberty, Security, Technology, Benjamin J. Muller
Governing Through Risk At The Canada/Us Border: Liberty, Security, Technology, Benjamin J. Muller
Border Policy Research Institute Publications
The border is not where it is supposed to be; the border is getting thicker; the border “needs a fix.” These are just a few of the sentiments one encounters with shocking regularity when discussing the Canada/US border in the Pacific Northwest, known as the Cascade Gateway, or sometimes referred to as “Cascadia”. Generally unsolicited, these comments and many others are often vain attempts to encapsulate the recent changes to this border, particularly in the post-9/11 epoch.