Social and Behavioral Sciences | Open Access Articles

Book Review Of Toxic Debts And The Superfund Dilemma, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Ronald H. Rosenberg

No abstract provided.

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The Necessary Interrelationship Between Land Use And Preservation Of Groundwater Resources, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

No abstract provided.

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Reflections On The Jeffersonian Ideal Of An Agrarian Democracy And The Emergence Of An Agricultural And Environmental Ethic In The 1990 Farm Bill, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

No abstract provided.

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Green Helmets: A Conceptual Framework For Security Council Authority In Environmental Emergencies, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

No abstract provided.

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Discussion In The Security Council On Environmental Intervention In The Ukraine, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

No abstract provided.

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Book Review Of Eco-Pragmatism: Making Sensible Environmental Decisions In An Uncertain World, Lynda L. Butler

Lynda L. Butler

No abstract provided.

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Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

No abstract provided.

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Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

No abstract provided.

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Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

No abstract provided.

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Regulation And Business Behavior, Neil Gunningham, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

Presents an introduction to various articles and issues discussed in the April 1, 2005 issue of the journal "Law and Policy."

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General Deterrence And Corporate Environmental Behavior, Dorothy Thornton, Neil Gunningham, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

This research addresses the assumption thatâ€šÃ„Ãºgeneral deterrenceâ€šÃ„Ã¹ is an important key to enhanced compliance with regulatory laws. Through a survey of 233 firms in several industries in the United States, we sought to answer the following questions: (1) When severe legal penalties are imposed against a violator of environmental laws, do other companies in the same industry actually learn about suchâ€šÃ„Ãºsignal casesâ€šÃ„Ã¹? (2) Does knowing aboutâ€šÃ„Ãºsignal casesâ€šÃ„Ã¹ change firmsâ€šÃ„Ã´ compliance-related behavior? It was found that only 42 percent of respondents could identify theâ€šÃ„Ãºsignal case,â€šÃ„Ã¹ but 89 percent could identify some enforcement actions against other firms, and 63 percent of firms …

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Motivating Management: Corporate Compliance In Environmental Protection, Neil Gunningham, Dorothy Thornton, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

Based on interviews with facility managers in the electroplating and chemical industries, this study examines regulated firmsâ€šÃ„Ã´ perceptions of how various instrumental, normative, and social factors motivated their firmsâ€šÃ„Ã´ environmental actions. We found thatâ€šÃ„Ãºimplicit general deterrenceâ€šÃ„Ã¹ (the overall effect of sustained inspection and enforcement activity) was far more important than either specific or general deterrence, and that deterrence in any form was of far greater concern to small and medium-sized enterprises than it was to large ones. Most reputation-sensitive firms in the environmentally sensitive chemical industry chose to go substantially beyond compliance for reasons that related to risk management and …

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What Economics Teaches Us About Environmental Protection, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

A basic premise in economics is that companies should pay all of the costs that are incurred in the process of producing their goods and services. The reason? By incurring all of the costs in production, the price charged by the company will reflect those costs. The price consumers pay, then, will also reflect all of the costs incurred in production. This leads to price efficiency, a major goal in free-market economic principles.

Unfortunately we don’t always include the costs to the environment in the production process. Take, for example, electricity generation, which can be accomplished using different inputs. Coal-burning …

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Preparing For Disaster: How Our Voting Sends The Wrong Message, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

I would like to propose that we, the voting public, bear an important respon- sibility when it comes to our role in providing for the public good. Evi- dence is clear that in our system of government, elected officials are recep- tive to how we vote. If we choose to understand and prioritize the benefits of preparing for disaster, it is likely our elected offi- cials will follow our lead. But if we fail to realize the benefits of preparing, then it is more likely politi- cians will respond to those signals, throwing money at a problem that is not …

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Market Failures And Protecting The Environment, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Whether you agree with government intervention, or with the specific form of gov- ernment intervention applied, it is a fact that government becomes involved in environ- mental issues because, to date, we have failed to fully inter- nalize the costs of our actions toward the environment in our market systems. So this is why government becomes involved in the first place, to correct existing and recurring market failures. Knowing this important fact helps us better understand, and judge, envi- ronmental laws and policies.

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Rising Sea Levels Challenge Flood Insurance Management, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Our climate is changing. And the trend of this climate change shows the earth is, on average, getting warmer. We in New England emerged from a very cold winter in 2014 making it hard for us to see (and thus believe) the earth is getting warmer. But this is the trick of cli- mate change: The pattern of overall warming is hard to see on a day-to-day basis. We tend to judge our climate through experiencing our local weather patterns: When the weather is cold like it has been in our region over the past winter, it is hard for …

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Valuing Ecosystem Services In Coastal Management Policy: Looking Beyond The Here And Now, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

This article explores how the identification and account- ing of ecosystem services can aid coastal management policies, particularly as management looks to a future that includes the impacts of climate change. At the core of making better deci- sions is an understanding of the value of ecosystem services. The economic context of ecosystem services is explored in order to outline what may be considered a complete account- ing of costs. Once contextualized, ecosystem services will then be applied to current coastal management issues associ- ated with sea level rise. In particular, policy-relevant questions about mitigating and adapting to sea level …

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The Role Of Risk Perception In Building Sustainable Policy Instruments: A Case Study Of Public Coastal Flood Insurance In The Usa, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Public planning for sustainability implies a forward-looking approach that often includes imagining future harm and taking steps to prevent that future harm before it occurs. A major challenge to implementing such forward looking, or precautionary, a policy instrument is managing the impacts such policies have on existing expectations. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role of risk perception in the development of forward-looking policy instruments. A case study example focused on coastal flood insurance in the USA is presented to highlight the difficulty of implementing sustainable policy goals when current policies incentivise the discounting of risk. The …

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Climate-Induced Sea Level Rise And Sustainable Coastal Management: The Influence Of Existing Policy Frameworks On Risk Perception, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

This article looks at the role of existing government policies on perceptions of risk and the impact they have on developing forward-looking sustainable policy instruments. Coastal flood insurance policy in the United States is examined as a way of exploring the relationship between policy instruments and risk perception. Insights include the importance of understanding the role of community risk perception in policy development, as well as the role of historical and existing policies in influencing community risk perception.

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Losing The Message: Some Policy Implications Of Anthropocentric Indirect Arguments For Environmental Protection, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

The value of anthropocentric indirect arguments (AIAs), as stated by Elliott (2014), is to focus on non-environmental benefits that derive from actions or policies that also benefit the environment. The key difference with these indirect arguments—from more direct anthropocentric arguments—is they focus on human benefits unrelated to the environment. So, for example, less coal burning power plants means less respiratory illness and higher worker productivity. The air is cleaner, but rather than clean air being the goal in arguing for less coal burning power plants, healthier people is the goal. Or as Elliott notes, clean energy can create jobs, and …

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Uncertainty, Daniel A. Farber

Daniel A Farber

The article discusses environmental risks and uncertainties and the current approaches to risk assessment. It is said that conventional risk assessment is a powerful methodology, but over-reliance on it can lead to a failure to acknowledge any risks that do not lend themselves to the technique. Uncertainties can be associated with fat-tailed distributions.

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The Challenges Of Dynamic Water Management In The American West, Holly Doremus, Michael Hanemann

Holly Doremus

No abstract provided.

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Constitutive Law And Environmental Policy, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

No abstract provided.

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Sciene Plays Defense: Natural Resource Management In The Bush Administration, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

The George W. Bush Administration has been criticized by scientists for its use of science in the policy arena generally, and for politicizing science. However, the problem is more one of the scientizing of politics, as the administration has shown that the rhetoric of science can be used defensively, as a barrier to regulation. Key methods used by the administration to pursue its strategy of defensive science in natural resource management are detailed. A more normatively defensible, and a more politically effective, strategy for conservationists would emphasize the need to bring transparency and a commitment to updating into the regulatory …

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Adaptive Management Program Progress Report, Susan Wainscott, Lee Bice

Susan Wainscott

Progress of the Adaptive Management Program for the Clark County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Program is presented.

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Sheldon Kamienieck Cv, Sheldon Kamieniecki

Sheldon Kamieniecki

No abstract provided.

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Public Policy Frameworks In Environmental Settings: An Argument For New Policy Frameworks To Support New Policy Directions, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Environmental policy is about solving problems, not creating them. Policy frameworks are meant to be supportive of policy initiatives. Most environmental initiatives are impacted by new information, and as such, policy frameworks should be responsive to new information. Often existing policy frameworks limit the ability of information that suggests a change in policy direction. This article discusses some of the causes for this phenomenon and suggests that new policy frameworks should be considered in supporting new policy directions, rather than relying on the manipulation of existing policy frameworks.

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Systems Thinking Applied To U.S. Federal Fisheries Management, Chad J. Mcguire, Bradley P. Harris

Chad J McGuire

The goal of this article is to provide the reader with a kind of historical case study on how fisheries law and policy evolution has brought management of the resource to a more ‘systems-centered’ approach. In addition to this historical rendition, another goal of this article is to identify some areas of potential growth, specifically the development of legal instruments that are more adapted to systems principles.

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Coastal Planning, Federal Consistency, And Climate Change: A Recent Divergence Of Federal And State Interests, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

The purpose of this article is to identify the contrasting policy approaches being undertaken at the state and federal levels with respect to climate change and offshore resource development respectively, noting how these respective approaches are leading to a divergence between state and federal priorities in the marine environment. The divergent approaches identified will be placed in the context of the CZMA, particularly the federal consistency requirement of that act, which helps to define the relationship between state and federal actions in ocean waters. Legal issues that arise from this divergence will be identified and analyzed. We begin with identification …

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Climate Adaptation And The Fifth Amendment Of The U.S. Constitution: A Regulatory Takings Analysis Of Adaptation Strategies In Coastal Development With Application To Connecticut’S Coastal Management Regime, Chad J. Mcguire, Jason Hill

Chad J McGuire

As climate change impacts are realized at the governance level, states and local governments are moving towards adaptation strategies that include increasing restrictions on how land is used in coastal zones. The purpose of this article is to review state regulatory strategies that are attempting to adapt to climate change in light of limits placed on those strategies by the Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution: the prohibition against the taking of private property by government action without a public purpose and just compensation. This article highlights the importance in identifying the roles governments can take beyond the role …

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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Book Review Of Toxic Debts And The Superfund Dilemma, Ronald H. Rosenberg

Ronald H. Rosenberg

The Necessary Interrelationship Between Land Use And Preservation Of Groundwater Resources, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

Reflections On The Jeffersonian Ideal Of An Agrarian Democracy And The Emergence Of An Agricultural And Environmental Ethic In The 1990 Farm Bill, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

Green Helmets: A Conceptual Framework For Security Council Authority In Environmental Emergencies, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

Discussion In The Security Council On Environmental Intervention In The Ukraine, Linda A. Malone

Linda A. Malone

Book Review Of Eco-Pragmatism: Making Sensible Environmental Decisions In An Uncertain World, Lynda L. Butler

Lynda L. Butler

Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

Shaping The Future: The Dialectic Of Law And Environmental Values, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

Regulation And Business Behavior, Neil Gunningham, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

General Deterrence And Corporate Environmental Behavior, Dorothy Thornton, Neil Gunningham, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

Motivating Management: Corporate Compliance In Environmental Protection, Neil Gunningham, Dorothy Thornton, Robert Kagan

Robert Kagan

What Economics Teaches Us About Environmental Protection, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Preparing For Disaster: How Our Voting Sends The Wrong Message, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Market Failures And Protecting The Environment, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Rising Sea Levels Challenge Flood Insurance Management, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Valuing Ecosystem Services In Coastal Management Policy: Looking Beyond The Here And Now, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

The Role Of Risk Perception In Building Sustainable Policy Instruments: A Case Study Of Public Coastal Flood Insurance In The Usa, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Climate-Induced Sea Level Rise And Sustainable Coastal Management: The Influence Of Existing Policy Frameworks On Risk Perception, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Losing The Message: Some Policy Implications Of Anthropocentric Indirect Arguments For Environmental Protection, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Uncertainty, Daniel A. Farber

Daniel A Farber

The Challenges Of Dynamic Water Management In The American West, Holly Doremus, Michael Hanemann

Holly Doremus

Constitutive Law And Environmental Policy, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

Sciene Plays Defense: Natural Resource Management In The Bush Administration, Holly Doremus

Holly Doremus

Adaptive Management Program Progress Report, Susan Wainscott, Lee Bice

Susan Wainscott

Sheldon Kamienieck Cv, Sheldon Kamieniecki

Sheldon Kamieniecki

Public Policy Frameworks In Environmental Settings: An Argument For New Policy Frameworks To Support New Policy Directions, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Systems Thinking Applied To U.S. Federal Fisheries Management, Chad J. Mcguire, Bradley P. Harris

Chad J McGuire

Coastal Planning, Federal Consistency, And Climate Change: A Recent Divergence Of Federal And State Interests, Chad J. Mcguire

Chad J McGuire

Climate Adaptation And The Fifth Amendment Of The U.S. Constitution: A Regulatory Takings Analysis Of Adaptation Strategies In Coastal Development With Application To Connecticut’S Coastal Management Regime, Chad J. Mcguire, Jason Hill

Chad J McGuire