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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™

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Engineering

Selected Works

2016

Articles 1 - 30 of 31

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

Maa & Mmdp: Fall Workshop 2016 With Mid-Michigan Digital Practitioners, Matt Schultz, Annie Benefiel Nov 2016

Maa & Mmdp: Fall Workshop 2016 With Mid-Michigan Digital Practitioners, Matt Schultz, Annie Benefiel

Matt Schultz

In Summer 2016, GVSU Libraries was invited to submit a brief article for the Michigan Archival Association's Fall Open Entry newsletter on the background and impact of the Mid-Michigan Digital Practitioner's community. The article provides that background and several details and outcomes of the most recent meetings.

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Measuring Success: Community Analytics For Local Economic Development, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Sandeep Jani Nov 2016

Measuring Success: Community Analytics For Local Economic Development, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Sandeep Jani

Michael P. Johnson

Main Street organizations develop local development initiatives that support economic and social goals. We describe an application of value-focused thinking and community-based operations research to identify economic development performance metrics and decision alternatives for local development interventions. Using interviews with stakeholders in three Boston communities, we show how values structures vary across communities and stakeholder groups and how attributes can be quantified using a variety of data sources. We conclude by presenting a composite values structure to support improved operations management and strategy design for all Boston Main Street districts.

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An Agenda For Diversity And Inclusion-Related Research Within Or/Ms/Analytics, Michael P. Johnson Jr., George Chichirau Nov 2016

An Agenda For Diversity And Inclusion-Related Research Within Or/Ms/Analytics, Michael P. Johnson Jr., George Chichirau

Michael P. Johnson

Diversity and inclusion have been widely studied and debated, most often within the social sciences. What contributions can operations research, management science and analytics make to this domain of inquiry? This talk will critically examine assumptions and practices within the decision sciences that may support as well impede diversity- and inclusion-related research, and propose a research agenda that can challenge yet enrich our profession.

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Estimating Strategic Impacts Of Foreclosed Housing Redevelopment Using Spatial Analysis, Michael P. Johnson Jr. Nov 2016

Estimating Strategic Impacts Of Foreclosed Housing Redevelopment Using Spatial Analysis, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

Community-based organizations engaged in foreclosure response wish to quantify the relative value of housing units for redevelopment. We measure the 'strategic value' of property acquisition candidates based on proximity to site-specific neighborhood amenities and disamenities, given the relative importance of that proximity to CDC organizational and community objectives. We show that strategic values can differ in systematic ways depending on the types of amenities and disamenities identified as relevant for acquisition decisions, the relative importance assigned to those amenities and disamenities, and the utility maximization objectives of the organization.

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Moving The Digital Curation Needle @Gvsu, Matt Schultz, Kyle Felker Nov 2016

Moving The Digital Curation Needle @Gvsu, Matt Schultz, Kyle Felker

Matt Schultz

Grand Valley State University (GVSU) is a dynamically growing public liberal arts university located in Allendale, Michigan, United States. In 2012, GVSU Libraries became the recipient of the ACRL Excellence in Academic Libraries Award. The Libraries prides itself on innovation and taking risks to better serve its faculty and students and to improve its collections.

In step with that mission, beginning in early 2016 the Libraries began making strides to move beyond outsourcing its digital curation and to strengthen capacity and expertise for managing its own open source digital collections technologies.

This immediately involved making dramatic changes to a range …

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Exploring Public Values Implications Of The I-Corps Program, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira Oct 2016

Exploring Public Values Implications Of The I-Corps Program, Jan Youtie, Philip Shapira

Philip Shapira

This paper examines how the concept of public values can be operationalized in an ongoing public initiative to stimulate innovation in an emerging technology. Our study focuses on Innovation Corps (I-Corps)—a program initiated in 2011 by the National Science Foundation (NSF) to accelerate the process of commercializing science-driven discoveries. The I-Corps method has since spread rapidly across multiple US agencies. Separately, there has also been heightened attention to the early anticipation and mitigation of the implications of emerging science and technology. Drawing on the case of nanotechnology, the paper considers how public values related to nanotechnology commercialization can be integrated …

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The Legacy Computer Challenge, Matt Schultz Oct 2016

The Legacy Computer Challenge, Matt Schultz

Matt Schultz

In late 2016, the Special Collections & University Archives (SCUA) at GVSU LIbraries were approached by a faculty member with a request to help retrieve a series of important emails, journals, and film production notes that were stored electronically on two very old (legacy) Macintosh computers. This presentation was used to provide the Mid-Michigan Digital Practitioners community with an overview of the materials and the use case being presented. Attention was drawn to the challenges of connecting and retrieving data from obsolete computer technology and feedback was solicited for strategies and best practices to follow.

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Measuring Success: Community Analytics For Local Economic Development, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Sandeep Jani Sep 2016

Measuring Success: Community Analytics For Local Economic Development, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Sandeep Jani

Michael P. Johnson

Main Street organizations are community-based nonprofits across the USA dedicated to local economic development through physical improvements, technical assistance to businesses, marketing and placebuilding. In this paper we identify metrics associated with success in local economic development and generate decision opportunities for improved program design and implementation. Our community partners, Main Street organizations in the city of Boston, want to ensure that data they collect about their service areas can help them measure progress towards achieving their individual goals as well as identify programs and initiatives that make best use of their resources and expertise. Using a mixed methods, inductive …

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Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna Jul 2016

Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna

William Edwards

Includes advantages and disadvantages of custom hiring and information on estimating costs; includes worksheets.

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Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers Jul 2016

Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers

William Edwards

A combine harvester econometric simulation model was developed with the goal of matching the combine forward speed to the maximum harvested net income per acre. The model considers the machinery management costs of owning a combine and platform header for harvesting wheat. A statistical Design of Experiment (DOE) was used to evaluate the model using tri-level variables; the medium values constituted the model base case. Of the 27 input variables, the optimum speed was significantly influenced by the crop area, G/MOG ratio, grain unit price, field yield, field efficiency, grain moisture content, probability of a working day in the post-optimum …

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Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna Jul 2016

Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna

William Edwards

Includes advantages and disadvantages of custom hiring and information on estimating costs; includes worksheets.

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Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers Jul 2016

Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers

William Edwards

A combine harvester econometric simulation model was developed with the goal of matching the combine forward speed to the maximum harvested net income per acre. The model considers the machinery management costs of owning a combine and platform header for harvesting wheat. A statistical Design of Experiment (DOE) was used to evaluate the model using tri-level variables; the medium values constituted the model base case. Of the 27 input variables, the optimum speed was significantly influenced by the crop area, G/MOG ratio, grain unit price, field yield, field efficiency, grain moisture content, probability of a working day in the post-optimum …

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Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna Jul 2016

Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna

William Edwards

Includes advantages and disadvantages of custom hiring and information on estimating costs; includes worksheets.

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Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers Jul 2016

Combine Harvester Econometric Model With Forward Speed Optimization, Nathan E. Isaac, Graeme R. Quick, Stuart J. Birrell, William M. Edwards, Bruce A. Coers

William Edwards

A combine harvester econometric simulation model was developed with the goal of matching the combine forward speed to the maximum harvested net income per acre. The model considers the machinery management costs of owning a combine and platform header for harvesting wheat. A statistical Design of Experiment (DOE) was used to evaluate the model using tri-level variables; the medium values constituted the model base case. Of the 27 input variables, the optimum speed was significantly influenced by the crop area, G/MOG ratio, grain unit price, field yield, field efficiency, grain moisture content, probability of a working day in the post-optimum …

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Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna Jul 2016

Ag Decision Maker: Combine Ownership Or Custom Hire, William M. Edwards, H. Mark Hanna

William Edwards

Includes advantages and disadvantages of custom hiring and information on estimating costs; includes worksheets.

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Human-Robot Interaction: Proximity And Speed—Slowly Back Away From The Robot!, Keith R. Macarthur, Kimberly Stowers, Peter A. Hancock Jul 2016

Human-Robot Interaction: Proximity And Speed—Slowly Back Away From The Robot!, Keith R. Macarthur, Kimberly Stowers, Peter A. Hancock

Keith Reid MacArthur

This experiment was designed to evaluate the effects of proximity and speed of approach on trust in human-robot interaction (HRI). The experimental design used a 2 (Speed) × 2 (Proximity) mixed factorial design and trust levels were measured by self-report on the Human Robot Trust Scale and the Trust in Automation Scale. Data analyses indicate proximity [F(2, 146) = 6.842, p < 0.01, partial ŋ 2 = 0.086] and speed of approach [F(2, 146) = 2.885, p = 0.059, partial ŋ 2 = 0.038] are significant factors contributing to changes in trust levels.

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Strategic Cyberwar Theory - A Foundation For Designing Decisive Strategic Cyber Operations, Jan Kallberg Apr 2016

Strategic Cyberwar Theory - A Foundation For Designing Decisive Strategic Cyber Operations, Jan Kallberg

Jan Kallberg

Traditional military theory applied in cyber struggles with four challenges – anonymity, object permanence, measurable results, and rapid digital execution. In a Clausewitzian world, these challenges were non-existent. The enemy was clearly marked, the battle field was fixed, the results of the battle was visible, and it occurred not at computational speed but instead in a pace that allowed human leadership to act. Traditional military thinking does not support decisive action in a future nation state cyber conflict. The utility of cyber attacks is dependent on the institutional design of the targeted society. Strategic cyberwar theory utilizes ‘Occam’s Razor’ to …

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Animal Rights Talk: Moral Debate Over The Internet, Harold A. Herzog Jr., Beth Dinoff, Jessica R. Page Apr 2016

Animal Rights Talk: Moral Debate Over The Internet, Harold A. Herzog Jr., Beth Dinoff, Jessica R. Page

Harold Herzog, PhD

Messages sent over Animal Rights-Talk, an electronic mail network devoted to the discussion of issues related to the animal rights movement, were analyzed. Messages typically fell into the following categories: questions and information, discussions of philosophical issues, ethical problems associated with the treatment of particular species, the politics of the animal rights movement, problems of moral consistency, the ethics of particular uses of non-human species (e.g., meat consumption, biomedical research with animal subjects), and matters pertaining to the internal life of the network (e.g., efforts at control of perceived norm violations). Debates between animal activists and animal researchers over the …

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Effect Of Suction History On The Small Strain Response Of A Dynamically Compacted Soil, Ana Heitor, Buddhima Indraratna, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn Apr 2016

Effect Of Suction History On The Small Strain Response Of A Dynamically Compacted Soil, Ana Heitor, Buddhima Indraratna, Cholachat Rujikiatkamjorn

Ana Heitor

The small strain behaviour is a key indicator for assessing the performance of compacted fills. Compaction conditions i.e. initial moisture content and applied energy, govern compaction effectiveness and, thus, the structure and matric suction of compacted soil. During their service life, most earth structures experience changes in hydraulic behaviour owing to climatic changes. While the results of previous research studies indicate that the effect of changes in suction on the dynamic response is significant, only limited research has been engaged in the assessment of the effect of post-compacted changes in suction induced by periods of intensive precipitation (i.e. wetting) and …

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Human-Robot Versus Human-Human Relationship Impact On Comfort Levels Regarding In Home Privacy, Keith R. Macarthur, Thomas G. Macgillivray, Eva L. Parkhurst, Peter A. Hancock Mar 2016

Human-Robot Versus Human-Human Relationship Impact On Comfort Levels Regarding In Home Privacy, Keith R. Macarthur, Thomas G. Macgillivray, Eva L. Parkhurst, Peter A. Hancock

Keith Reid MacArthur

When considering in-group vs. out-group concepts, certain degrees of human relationships naturally assume one of two categories. Roles such as immediate and extended family members and friends tend to fit quite nicely in the in-group category. Strangers, hired help, as well as acquaintances would likely be members of the out-group category due to a lack of personal relation to the perceiver. Though an out-group member may possess cultural, socioeconomic, or religious traits that an individual may perceive as in-group, the fact that they are an unknown stranger should immediately place them in the out-group. From [K1] this notion, it can be inferred …

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Joining The Table: Advancing Digital Discussions At Gvsu, Matt Schultz, Kyle Felker Mar 2016

Joining The Table: Advancing Digital Discussions At Gvsu, Matt Schultz, Kyle Felker

Matt Schultz

The digital curation and technology faculty/staff of GVSU Libraries began 2016 with a number of digital initiatives that engaged the Libraries with faculty and departments across the University. This presentation highlights these initiatives for the Mid-Michigan Digital Practitioners (MMDP) community. Specific initiatives covered include the new Digital Studies Minor, digital humanities projects, efforts to launch an electronic records management program, and many others.

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An Overview Of The Low-Cost Carrier Model In The Russian Market, Tamilla Curtis, Dawna Rhoades Mar 2016

An Overview Of The Low-Cost Carrier Model In The Russian Market, Tamilla Curtis, Dawna Rhoades

Dr. Tamilla Curtis

This study provides an overview of the low-cost carrier (LCC) model in the Russian market. The LCC model seeks to achieve a competitive advantage through the reduction of operating costs, below the traditional airline model. Since Russia is an emerging and developing economy, airlines face a high level of uncertainty. Despite the fact that the Russian aviation market is dominated by a few large carriers, Russian lowcost airlines such as SkyExpress and Avianova have been growing rapidly since starting their operations. While Russian LCCs follow the traditional LCC model, some differences are apparent as a result of the specifics of …

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Community-Based Operations Research: Data Analytics And Decision Modeling For Community Development And Social Change, Michael P. Johnson Jr. Mar 2016

Community-Based Operations Research: Data Analytics And Decision Modeling For Community Development And Social Change, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

‘Community-based operations research’ is an extension of multiple traditions in OR/MS to produce research for local change. CBOR attempts to incorporate critical thinking, evidence-based policy design and prescriptive decision modeling. This presentation introduces a theory of CBOR and reviews current applications to support a collection of new scholarship. These applications include foreclosure response, vacant land management and local economic development. We conclude with suggestions to expand the field of CBOR.

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Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Balance Reconstruction. Part I: Net Snow Accumulation (1600-2009), Jason E. Box, Noel Cressie, David H. Bromwich, Ji-Hoon Jung, Michiel Van Den Broeke, J H. Van Angelen, Richard R. Forster, Clement Miege, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Bo Vinther, Joseph R. Mcconnell Feb 2016

Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Balance Reconstruction. Part I: Net Snow Accumulation (1600-2009), Jason E. Box, Noel Cressie, David H. Bromwich, Ji-Hoon Jung, Michiel Van Den Broeke, J H. Van Angelen, Richard R. Forster, Clement Miege, Ellen Mosley-Thompson, Bo Vinther, Joseph R. Mcconnell

Professor Noel Cressie

Ice core data are combined with RACMO2 regional climate model (RCM) output (1958-2010) to develop a reconstruction of the Greenland ice sheet net snow accumulation rate (Ât(G)) spanning years 1600-2009. Regression parameters from RCM output regressed on 86 ice cores are used with available cores in a given year resulting in the reconstructed values. Each core site’s residual variance is used to inversely weight the cores’ respective contributions. The interannual amplitude of the reconstructed accumulation rate is damped by the regressions and is thus calibrated to match that of the RCM data. Uncertainty and significance of changes is measured using …

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Figures Of Merit For Simultaneous Inference And Comparisons In Simulation Experiments, Noel A. Cressie, Sandy Burden Feb 2016

Figures Of Merit For Simultaneous Inference And Comparisons In Simulation Experiments, Noel A. Cressie, Sandy Burden

Professor Noel Cressie

2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This article considers the traditional figures of merit, namely, bias and mean squared (prediction) error, which are typically used to evaluate simulation experiments. We propose functions of them that account for different variables' units; these alternative figures of merit are closely tied to simultaneous multivariate inference on an unknown parameter vector or unknown state vector. Their usefulness is illustrated in a simulation experiment, where the goal is to determine the statistical properties associated with prediction of a multivariate state.

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Bayesian Learning And Predictability In A Stochastic Nonlinear Dynamical Model, John Parslow, Noel Cressie, Edward P. Campbell, Emlyn Jones, Lawrence Murray Feb 2016

Bayesian Learning And Predictability In A Stochastic Nonlinear Dynamical Model, John Parslow, Noel Cressie, Edward P. Campbell, Emlyn Jones, Lawrence Murray

Professor Noel Cressie

Bayesian inference methods are applied within a Bayesian hierarchical modelling framework to the problems of joint state and parameter estimation, and of state forecasting. We explore and demonstrate the ideas in the context of a simple nonlinear marine biogeochemical model. A novel approach is proposed to the formulation of the stochastic process model, in which ecophysiological properties of plankton communities are represented by autoregressive stochastic processes. This approach captures the effects of changes in plankton communities over time, and it allows the incorporation of literature metadata on individual species into prior distributions for process model parameters. The approach is applied …

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Comment On Article By Ferreira And Gamerman, Noel A. Cressie, Raymond L. Chambers Feb 2016

Comment On Article By Ferreira And Gamerman, Noel A. Cressie, Raymond L. Chambers

Professor Noel Cressie

A utility-function approach to optimal spatial sampling design is a powerful way to quantify what "optimality" means. The emphasis then should be to capture all possible contributions to utility, including scientific impact and the cost of sampling. The resulting sampling plan should contain a component of designed randomness that would allow for a non-parametric design-based analysis if model-based assumptions were in doubt.

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How Can Value Elicitation In Adult Basic Education Support Learners’ Success In Goal-Setting Policy?, Alma H. Biba, Michael P. Johnson Jr. Feb 2016

How Can Value Elicitation In Adult Basic Education Support Learners’ Success In Goal-Setting Policy?, Alma H. Biba, Michael P. Johnson Jr.

Michael P. Johnson

For the last two decades, federal legislation and Massachusetts’ state ABE policies have linked adult learners’ educational outcomes to accountability requirements. Using a multi-method approach ABE learners’ goal setting was presented as a decision problem in order to reveal and disentangle the conflicting preferences fueled by outcome-based accountability requirements. Elicitation of values using value-focused thinking (VFT) methodology revealed that learner’s self-defined goals are consistently distinct from program-defined goals, that teachers recognize this disjunction, and that efforts to reconcile the two could yield significant improvements in ABE program outcomes.

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Smart Engagement: Planning And Decision-Making In Distressed Urban Neighborhoods, Justin Hollander, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Eliza D. Whiteman Dec 2015

Smart Engagement: Planning And Decision-Making In Distressed Urban Neighborhoods, Justin Hollander, Michael P. Johnson Jr., Eliza D. Whiteman

Michael P. Johnson

This book addresses the challenges and opportunities associated with the use of decision science and information technologies to help stabilize and revitalize distressed urban communities in the United States.

While cities in the U.S. grow and decline at various rates and for different underlying reasons, neighborhoods within cities that have faced sustained demographic and socio-economic challenges over time may have multiple factors in common, such as physical blight, widespread vacancies, underserved and marginalized populations and, in some cases, local markets that do not respond to traditional economic development strategies. These distressed communities are often indicative of high levels of spatial …

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The Digital Dionysus: Nietzsche & The Network-Centric Condition Dec 2015

The Digital Dionysus: Nietzsche & The Network-Centric Condition

Dan Mellamphy

No abstract provided.

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