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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
An Econometric Analysis Of The “Backward-Bending” Labour Supply Of Canadian Women, Adib J. Rahman
An Econometric Analysis Of The “Backward-Bending” Labour Supply Of Canadian Women, Adib J. Rahman
Undergraduate Economic Review
This econometric study investigates the labour supply behaviour of Canadian women at different composite hourly wages of all paid jobs. The objectives of this study are to test the canonical model of labour supply and to observe women's responsiveness to changes in the wage rate by using 2009 cross-sectional data. The results show a backward bending labour supply schedule for Canadian women, and thereby confirm the conclusions reached by the Nakamuras (1981), and Robinson and Thomes (1985).
Application Of Sgt Family Distributions In Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Samuel Dodini
Application Of Sgt Family Distributions In Quasi Maximum Likelihood Estimation, Samuel Dodini
Undergraduate Economic Review
In the classical normal linear regression model, ordinary least squares estimators (OLS) will be consistent and achieve the Cramer-Rao lower bound for any unbiased estimators. This paper examines the impact of several other error distributions on the properties of the OLS estimators. Several different types of example data commonly available to students and researchers in economics are used to illustrate the impact of nonnormality, because, in application, the assumption of normality may not hold in empirical testing. Using maximum likelihood, I demonstrate that flexible probability density functions better model the residual distribution of different types of data, which suggests improvements …
Of Hawks And Doves: Monetary Policy By Heterogeneous Committees, Gregor Schubert
Of Hawks And Doves: Monetary Policy By Heterogeneous Committees, Gregor Schubert
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper develops an institutional explanation based on strategic, heterogeneous committee members for the phenomenon of inertia in monetary policy rates, by exploring variations of a game-theoretic two-period, two-player bargaining model with an endogenous status quo. The results show that inertial policy-making can arise from heterogeneity in preferences and that gridlock and policy inefficiency can become more likely due to variability in agenda-setting power, or decreases in uncertainty over the future. These conclusions are shown to accord with the empirical evidence on monetary policy setting by committees at major central banks over the last decade.
Diet And Health Capital: An American Case Study, Matthew J. Klein
Diet And Health Capital: An American Case Study, Matthew J. Klein
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper begins to model diet's contribution to national stocks of Health Capital as defined in Kenneth Arrow et al.'s (2012) "Sustainability and the Measurement of Wealth" by developing a set of equations that link the diet of a nation’s average citizen to that nation’s per capita welfare over time. The model is applied to the American diet from 2005 to 2009. This research finds that even a small change in diet can have a large impact in whether or not a nation is sustainable over time.
Evaluate The Effect Of Imf’S Longer-Term Concessional Lending Programs On Growth In The Development Background Of Sub-Saharan Region, Guanyi Yang
Undergraduate Economic Review
Despite different voices from critics, the IMF has put development at the center of its policies. This paper tries to separate the effect of SAF, ESAF, PRGF, and ECF on growth empirically. Selecting a sample of 44 countries in the Sub-Saharan region from 1986 to 2011, it analyzes whether the IMF’s longer-term structural adjustment programs influences economic growth in participating countries. Consistent with previous studies, this research shows that SAF and ESAF have statistically insignificant impact on growth in the short term and long term. PRGF and ECF, on the other hand, are found to have a large and strong …
Factors Explaining Obesity In The Midwest: Evidence From Data, Josh Matti, Hansol Kim
Factors Explaining Obesity In The Midwest: Evidence From Data, Josh Matti, Hansol Kim
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper attempts to determine the factors explaining obesity in the Midwest by using standard OLS multiple regression analysis and cross-sectional data. We examine independent variables related to built environment and determine effects on obesity. This study finds that some factors influencing calories consumed, such as percent of restaurants that are fast food, are consistent with the prior literature. However, other factors, such as the number of fast food restaurants per 1000 people, yield surprising results. The results of this study suggest that obesity is a multifaceted issue that is not close to being fully explained.
Inflation Targeting And Growth: The Role Of The Tradable Sector, Luis Monroy Gómez Franco
Inflation Targeting And Growth: The Role Of The Tradable Sector, Luis Monroy Gómez Franco
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper provides an analytical explanation to the empirical association between monetary policy conducted according to the inflation targeting (IT) framework and the appreciation of the exchange rate, relating it to the literature on the effects of the exchange rate on growth. A two sector small open economy model is developed in which the behavior of the non tradable inflation and the nominal exchange rate are analyzed. The results indicate that the response to inflation variance under the IT regime causes the appreciation trend. Since this trend is not reversed immediately, increasing returns in the tradable sector affect capital accumulation.
An Econometric Analysis Of Anti-Bullying Program Factors On Bullying In Public American Middle Schools And High Schools, Austin B. Beck
An Econometric Analysis Of Anti-Bullying Program Factors On Bullying In Public American Middle Schools And High Schools, Austin B. Beck
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper seeks to answer the question: “Do typical factors of anti-bullying programs reduce the amount of bullying that takes place in American public middle schools and high schools?” An overview of the literature on bullying and anti-bullying programs is provided. Data from the School Survey on Crime and Safety is analyzed using a probit model. The model is tested for accuracy and the results are analyzed. Parental involvement and out-of-school suspension are found to be significant anti-bullying program factors. Other explanatory variables are also discussed and recommendations for further research are provided.
An Empirical Assessment Of The Performance And Competitive Effects Of Los Angeles County Charter Schools, Sam Trachtman
An Empirical Assessment Of The Performance And Competitive Effects Of Los Angeles County Charter Schools, Sam Trachtman
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper evaluates the performance of charter elementary schools in Los Angeles County in three ways. First, I compare charter school performance to public school performance, controlling for a number of key characteristics. Second, I study the characteristics that appear to influence charter school success as compared to public school success. Third, I study the “competitive effect” of charter schools, examining how geographical proximity to charter schools affects the performance of traditional public schools. I find evidence that, ceteris paribus, traditional public schools score higher than charter schools, except in majority African American schools. Further, I find that the opening …
Turning Followers Into Dollars: The Impact Of Social Media On A Movie’S Financial Performance, Joshua J. Kaplan
Turning Followers Into Dollars: The Impact Of Social Media On A Movie’S Financial Performance, Joshua J. Kaplan
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper examines the impact of social media, specifically Twitter, on the domestic gross box office revenue of 207 films released in the United States between 2009 and 2011. We find that under two different specifications the impact of Twitter on gross revenue and gross revenue per theater is statistically significant when accounting for several control variables. The models show statistical significance of runtime, and production budget. We also find that a film’s release period, genre, rating received, and whether or not it is based on previous material proved to be statistically significant factors in determining a film's domestic gross.
Overfishing: Economic Policies In Finite Resource Biological Pools, Abdullah Nasser
Overfishing: Economic Policies In Finite Resource Biological Pools, Abdullah Nasser
Undergraduate Economic Review
Common-property fishing is a classic example of the tragedy of the commons. Driven by competition, rational fishermen are forced to overfish to maintain marketplace viability. This shortsighted strategy will lead to the depletion of the common resource pool, and ultimately the destruction of the local fishing industry. In this paper, we present a dynamic differential system of a finite-resource fishing pool to model choices faced by average fishermen. We show that the situation mirrors a Prisonor’s Dilemma on the short- and long-terms, where overfishing is always the dominant Nash equilibrium strategy. Additionally, we use the model to analyze a multitude …
Civic Engagement In Low Income And Minority Neighborhoods, And The Role Of Public Investment, Saheli Nath
Civic Engagement In Low Income And Minority Neighborhoods, And The Role Of Public Investment, Saheli Nath
Undergraduate Economic Review
This study uses principal component analysis to measure civic engagement in the low-income and minority neighborhood of Fair Park in South Dallas, and seeks to identify the implications of the influx of public investment in the Fair Park neighborhood on civic engagement.