Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Google Trends (2)
- International Economics (2)
- Labor economics (2)
- Poverty (2)
- Unemployment (2)
-
- 2008-2009 Financial Crisis (1)
- ACA (1)
- ARIMA modeling (1)
- AfCFTA (1)
- Affirmative Action (1)
- Affordable Care Act (1)
- Africa (1)
- Balance of Trade (1)
- Bayesian Inference Covid-19 (1)
- Behavioral Economics (1)
- Brain Drain (1)
- Business formulation (1)
- CEMAC (1)
- CGE Model (1)
- COMESA (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Dancesport (1)
- Debt-Deflation (1)
- Discrimination (1)
- ECOWAS (1)
- Economic Development (1)
- Economic Geography (1)
- Economic Policy Uncertainty (1)
- Economics of Minorities (1)
- Education (1)
Articles 1 - 21 of 21
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Market Trends In Food Consumption Expenditures Away From Home Prior To The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rebecca Weir
Market Trends In Food Consumption Expenditures Away From Home Prior To The Covid-19 Pandemic, Rebecca Weir
Undergraduate Economic Review
U.S. food consumption expenditures away from home increased from 19 percent of total food expenditures in 1955 to 48 percent in 2015. Simultaneously, female participation in the labor force grew by 52.7 million women from 35 to 57 percent, signifying increased opportunity cost for women to prepare meals at home. This research uses an ordinary least squares regression to examine socioeconomic factors influencing the rise in U.S. food consumption expenditures away from home in 2018. Results inform food production and service industries’ marketing strategies, and set the stage for whether a new pattern emerges in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.
The Affordable Care Act And Entrepreneurship Lock: An Updated Examination Of Employer-Based Healthcare’S Effect On Self-Employment By Demographic Group, Sean Ruddy
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper capitalizes on a natural experiment created by differences in Medicaid expansion under The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). A difference and difference model comparing states that did and did not expand Medicaid is conducted to investigate if providing an alternative and low-cost source of health insurance affects self-employment rates overall and across different demographic groups. The results suggest that living in a state that expanded Medicaid was associated with a 1.4 percent increase in the likelihood that an individual will be self-employed and that this effect is heterogeneous across different demographics, being largest among African Americans.
Raise The Seawalls: Local Governments & Flood Protection, Felix Stetsenko
Raise The Seawalls: Local Governments & Flood Protection, Felix Stetsenko
Undergraduate Economic Review
Rising seas and more frequent and severe storms are increasing the risks and costs of flooding. Using 2009-2018 data for the U.S. state of Florida from FEMA’s Community Rating System program (CRS), which scores participating local governments on their flood risk mitigation activities: I study (1) whether increasing flood risks have led to increases in program participation and score among Florida towns and cities; (2) what risk, fiscal, and demographic factors are driving local governments to invest in CRS-recognized flood risk mitigation measures; and (3) the association between CRS measures and home values.
Affirmative Action And Mismatch: Evidence From Statewide Affirmative Action Bans, Leon Ren
Affirmative Action And Mismatch: Evidence From Statewide Affirmative Action Bans, Leon Ren
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper empirically evaluates the mismatch hypothesis by exploiting the quasi-experimental variation in the adoption of statewide affirmative action bans. Specifically, this paper examines the effect of such bans on minority graduation rates using a difference-in-difference, synthetic control, and triple-difference approach. My results suggest that statewide affirmative action bans are associated with an increase in minority graduation rates, consistent with the mismatch hypothesis, at highly selective institutions. Moreover, mismatch effects are not confined to science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) majors. JEL Codes: I28, J15
The Google Trends Uncertainty (Gtu) Index: A Measure Of Economic Policy Uncertainty In The Eu Using Google Trends, Luisa Weinberg
The Google Trends Uncertainty (Gtu) Index: A Measure Of Economic Policy Uncertainty In The Eu Using Google Trends, Luisa Weinberg
Undergraduate Economic Review
The objective of this research is to use Google search data to build the Google Trends Uncertainty (GTU) index, a weekly measure of uncertainty surrounding economic policy in the four largest economies in the European Union: Germany, France, Italy, and Spain. By obtaining the relative popularity of Google searches with economic policy uncertainty connotations given a specific timeframe and geographical area, the frequency with which people search for terms related to economic policy effectively serves as a proxy for actual economic policy uncertainty. In its entirety, the various elements of this research allow to accurately and unbiasedly measure economic policy …
Preserving History Or Property Values: Historic Preservation And Housing Prices In Washington, Dc, Lev Klarnet
Preserving History Or Property Values: Historic Preservation And Housing Prices In Washington, Dc, Lev Klarnet
Undergraduate Economic Review
Neighborhood historic preservation has been highly controversial in Washington, DC, as proponents claim it preserves valuable architecture and critics claim in increases unaffordability. Using a dataset of all residential and condominium property sales in DC between 1992 and 2019, I find that the effect of historic designation on property values within historic districts is heterogeneous. While residential property values increase by 9%, condominium prices fall by 6.3% after designation. This paper also uniquely controls for endogeneity—which arises if in response to rising housing prices, neighborhood groups seek historic designation—by researching the party that nominated each historic district.
Effects Of Minimum Wage Increase On Employment In Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Korea, Hyunah Kim
Effects Of Minimum Wage Increase On Employment In Small And Medium-Sized Enterprises In Korea, Hyunah Kim
Undergraduate Economic Review
In Korea, where SMEs dominantly provide most of the jobs in labor market, how SMEs respond to an increase in the minimum wage in terms of employment can be a critical factor of job provision in Korean labor market. This paper mainly examines the effect of the minimum wage increase on employment in SMEs in Korea by using a difference-in-differences methodology, and finds that raising the minimum wage has on average significantly reduced total employment in all sizes of SMEs relative to large enterprises. The finding in this paper suggests that raising the minimum wage rate may incur loss of …
The Effects Of The African Continental Free Trade Agreement On Africa's Regional Economic Communities: An Empirical Analysis, Elizabeth Zhu
The Effects Of The African Continental Free Trade Agreement On Africa's Regional Economic Communities: An Empirical Analysis, Elizabeth Zhu
Undergraduate Economic Review
This study examines the economic effects of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA) on three regional economic communities in Africa: COMESA, ECOWAS, and CEMAC. It scrutinizes the effects of the agreement on Africa’s largest trading partners: the EU, China, and America. Three scenarios are modelled using the GTAP CGE model: a removal of tariffs on 97% of goods, a removal of non-tariff barriers, and a combination of the previous two scenarios. The findings show that the welfare of all African regions increases due to AfCFTA, but to varying degrees, with CEMAC benefiting the least of the three regional blocs.
The Economic Implications Of Eliminating Coal Subsidies In G7 Countries, Rachel M. Kim, Pradnaya S. Pathak
The Economic Implications Of Eliminating Coal Subsidies In G7 Countries, Rachel M. Kim, Pradnaya S. Pathak
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper analyzes the economic implications of eliminating coal subsidies in G7 countries (Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, United Kingdom, United States) in light of the Paris Agreement and the 2009 commitment to addressing climate change. The study uses a computable general equilibrium (CGE) model and contains three different simulations: production subsidy removal, consumption subsidy removal, and both consumption and production subsidy removal in G7 nations. Three variables were analyzed: economic welfare, market price, and output quantity. The results obtained using the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) indicate that coal price increases and output quantity decreases, while economic welfare varies.
Irving Fisher, The Debt-Deflation Theory, And The Crisis Of 2008-2009, Zacharie Quiviger
Irving Fisher, The Debt-Deflation Theory, And The Crisis Of 2008-2009, Zacharie Quiviger
Undergraduate Economic Review
Irving Fisher’s 1932 Booms and Depressions presents a fully specified, nine-pronged model of financial crises that has been widely forgotten by modern macroeconomists. This article builds on the renewed interest in Fisher’s Debt-Deflation Theory to explore its pertinence to the Great Recession. By parsing through macroeconomic data from the 2000s, it finds evidence of debt-deflation spiraling and of the nine Fisherian “main factors” co-varying as the author had predicted during the 2008-2009 financial crisis. The article concludes in assessing the uses of Fisher’s work in current macroeconomics and in arguing for a greater consideration of its insights.
Determinants Of County-Level Poverty Rates In 2017: An Upper-Midwest Comparison, Trey V. Perez
Determinants Of County-Level Poverty Rates In 2017: An Upper-Midwest Comparison, Trey V. Perez
Undergraduate Economic Review
The American upper-Midwest as a region throughout the 2010s has experienced lower-than-average poverty rates. This paper seeks to uncover the determinants that have the greatest impact on the county-level poverty rates for five states (Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, and the Dakotas). Outcomes for this study came from an Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression to estimate the impact each independent variable had on the poverty rate. The empirical results showed the unemployment rate, the percentage of households headed solely by females, and percent of the population that was Native American in 2017 had a significant impact on a county’s poverty rate.
Sanctuary Cities And Their Respective Effect On Crime Rates, Adam R. Schutt
Sanctuary Cities And Their Respective Effect On Crime Rates, Adam R. Schutt
Undergraduate Economic Review
According to the U.S. Center for Immigration Studies (2017), cities or counties in twenty-four states declare themselves as a place of “sanctuary” for illegal immigrants. This study addresses the following question: Do sanctuary cities experience higher crime rates than those cities that are not? Using publicly available data, this regression analysis investigates the relationship between crime rates in selected cities and independent variables which the research literature or the media has linked to criminal activity. Results of this research reveal that sanctuary cities do not experience higher violent or property crime rates than those cities that are not sanctuary cities.
Assessing The Determinants Of The Human Development Index In Oil-Dependent Nations, Adrian Fossaceca
Assessing The Determinants Of The Human Development Index In Oil-Dependent Nations, Adrian Fossaceca
Undergraduate Economic Review
Numerous rentier states from around the world derive all or a fundamental portion of their national revenues from the rent of natural resources. These revenues are essential for the policy-making strategies pertaining to social welfare programs and for the funding of development projects within the country. In order to determine the effectiveness of rentier states in terms of development promotion, this paper will utilize the Human Development Index (HDI) as a proxy variable for development levels. Regression analysis indicates that a substantial proportion of the variation of the Human Development Index in oil-dependent economies can be explained by the adolescent …
Effect Of Unemployment Length On Employment Expectations, Kamyar Kamyar
Effect Of Unemployment Length On Employment Expectations, Kamyar Kamyar
Undergraduate Economic Review
Unemployment often has devastating effects on individuals -- both in financial and psychological terms. Depending on the type and category of unemployment, its length varies; and as its length increases it may implement biased thought in individuals’ predictions regarding future employment. This paper’s primary purpose is to measure and discuss how the time length that one has been unemployed for affects his or her expectations on his or her own short-term possibility of employment. The results suggest a strong opposite link between one’s prediction of future employment and the same person’s prior unemployment period. This paper was originally written in …
Wellbeing And Marriage: Does Marriage Improve Mental Health?, Maranda L. (Kahl) Joyce
Wellbeing And Marriage: Does Marriage Improve Mental Health?, Maranda L. (Kahl) Joyce
Undergraduate Economic Review
With the decline in marriage rates and the rise in mental health issues, understanding the potential correlation between marital status and overall mental health is of economic importance. This research explores the potential effects of marital status on mental health in the U.S., using microdata from the 2016 Behavior Risk Factor Surveillance System. The role of marital status is examined on three different dependent variables. My results suggest that marriage is associated with a decrease in number of days of poor mental health, a decrease in the likelihood of a depressive disorder diagnosis, and an increase in overall life satisfaction.
Exploring The Effects Of International Wage Differences On Brain Drain, Austin Martin
Exploring The Effects Of International Wage Differences On Brain Drain, Austin Martin
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper examines how international wage differences affect brain drain by comparing the effects of skill-specific wage differences on low, medium, and high-skilled emigration. Previous literature explores qualitative factors behind migrant flow, but there is little focus on the role of wage differences in individuals’ decisions to emigrate. A relatively new data set on emigration rates by education level and a modified gravity model provide a unique analysis of bilateral migration flows. This paper finds that wage differences may have a significant and positive effect on and low-skilled emigration, but a less significant effect on high-skilled emigration or brain drain.
Effects Of Relative Position On Success In Dancing Competitions - Lessons For Discrimination In Recruitment Processes, Jan P. Ringling
Effects Of Relative Position On Success In Dancing Competitions - Lessons For Discrimination In Recruitment Processes, Jan P. Ringling
Undergraduate Economic Review
This article argues that there exists a further reason for discrimination beside taste and statistics, based on cognitive bias in the human thought process. The order in which one appears to recruiters in the hiring process also influences the chances of being hired in a non-linear way. When the characteristics of particular groups of people correlate with their order in which they appear in the hiring process, they stand a higher or lower chance of being hired. Preliminary evidence based on the results of the United Kingdom’s largest student dancing competition supports this hypothesis, but finds only a …
Poverty And Labor Force Participation Across Metropolitan Philadelphia, Zachary J. Porreca
Poverty And Labor Force Participation Across Metropolitan Philadelphia, Zachary J. Porreca
Undergraduate Economic Review
This study utilizes data drawn from municipalities across the Philadelphia metropolitan area to examine trends in poverty amongst communities.While some research has been done on urban and rural poverty, this paper seeks to fill the gap in literature regarding poverty across the subksnurban and metropolitan landscape. A multiple regression model is specified, so as to provide an in depth analysis of observed trends. The central hypothesis that a relationship exists between poverty and labor force participation is tested and affirmed. The implication of this finding, as well as auxiliary findings, are explored and expanded upon. Recommendations are made for more …
The Effect Of Good Samaritan Laws (Gsl) On Opioid Overdose Mortality, Tarun Ramesh
The Effect Of Good Samaritan Laws (Gsl) On Opioid Overdose Mortality, Tarun Ramesh
Undergraduate Economic Review
This paper investigates the effects of Good Samaritan Laws on opioid overdose mortality rates in the United States. Evaluating policy interventions in response to upticks in opioid mortality is crucial to enact federal legislation that protects communities. However, concerns about moral hazard implications could have profound impacts on current efforts to combat the epidemic. This paper will look at various policies proposed and evaluate the effects of such policies on overall mortality rates, elucidating the moral hazard effects of Good Samaritan Laws.
Is Geographical Remoteness An Economic Disadvantage?, Jiaxuan Lu
Is Geographical Remoteness An Economic Disadvantage?, Jiaxuan Lu
Undergraduate Economic Review
Is the geographical location of a country deterministic to its level of economic development? Although economic geographers have been searching the answers to this question for decades, incongruities between different opinions still exist. This paper takes both theoretical and empirical approaches to provide a systematic answer to this question. Firstly, this paper uses industry-level gravity model of international trade to demonstrate that not all countries are negatively affected by geographical remoteness. Secondly, it employs a panel data of 83 countries from 2000 to 2017 and substantiates that while geographical remoteness decreases income levels and trade balances in OECD countries, it …
Reference-Dependent Preferences Among Nfl Fans: Evidence From Google Trends, Sunjae Lee
Reference-Dependent Preferences Among Nfl Fans: Evidence From Google Trends, Sunjae Lee
Undergraduate Economic Review
I look for evidence of reference-dependent preferences in the National Football League (NFL). Under reference-dependent preferences, sports fans should react more strongly to surprising wins and losses than expected wins or losses. I use Google Trends to look at the impact of NFL game outcomes on the use of positive or negative words on Google search. While search activity did respond to NFL games, I did not find that this response was sensitive to how surprising the outcome was, and so did not find evidence of reference-dependent preferences.