Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Never Enough: Eu Military Spending Challenges In The Face Of Open Conflict, Katherine Wallentine

The Journal of International Relations, Peace Studies, and Development

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 sent a jolt of tension and anxiety throughout the European Union, as well as the rest of the world. Lawmakers and strategists scrambled to find a suitable response in the immediate aftermath and now, a year later, the conversation continues as to what the best course of action is for the EU. Should it amplify and radically increase its supranational defense budget and if so, how should it accomplish this monumental task? How much of it should fall on the Member States to meet the two percent threshold as laid out by …

What Ukraine Taught Nato About Hybrid Warfare, Sarah J. Lohmann, Chuck Benson, Vytautas Butrimas, Georgios Giannoulis, Gabriel Raicu, Michael Bervell, Milagro Castilleja, Chris Clyde, Christopher J. Eaton, Alex Elmore, Ryan Fisk, Erin Hodges, Frank J. Kuzminski, Vishwa Padigepati, Caitlin Quirk, Brenton M. Riddle, Shuo Zhang, Lucas Cox, Samira Oakes

Monographs, Collaborative Studies, & IRPs

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022 forced the United States and its NATO partners to be confronted with the impact of hybrid warfare far beyond the battlefield. Targeting Europe’s energy security, Russia’s malign influence campaigns and malicious cyber intrusions are affecting global gas prices, driving up food costs, disrupting supply chains and grids, and testing US and Allied military mobility. This study examines how hybrid warfare is being used by NATO’s adversaries, what vulnerabilities in energy security exist across the Alliance, and what mitigation strategies are available to the member states.

Cyberattacks targeting the renewable energy landscape during Europe’s green …

Editorial: Blending Of Delusions In Russia Rationalizing Its War To Annex Ukraine, Paul B. Mojzes

Occasional Papers on Religion in Eastern Europe

While it is obvious that Russia’s motives for the unprovoked brutal war against Ukraine are complex, what is not quickly apparent is the incendiary intermingling of a collective delusion of persecution and the delusion of grandeur of an individual.

Us Military Policy In Poland And The Baltics: To Stay Or Not To Stay, Owen Bates

Sigma: Journal of Political and International Studies

No abstract provided.

Geopolitics And The Balkan Other: The Uses Of “Balkanism” In Nato Expansion, Maddelyn Bryan

Undergraduate Honors Theses

Montenegro’s 2017 accession to NATO signaled an increased geopolitical interest in the Balkan region. Since then, governments and news sites have discussed the question of what is next for NATO in the Balkans. Similarly, a number of high-level US officials have recently travelled to the region in order to promote Western integration and NATO membership. Their discourses to encourage NATO expansion problematically coincide with discourses that “other” the region through pejorative representations. This paper interrogates this paradox by examining discourses on NATO expansion to Serbia, Macedonia, and Bosnia from the perspective of the US, the alliance’s largest funder. It does …

Yugoslav-Soviet Split, Bert Chapman

Libraries Faculty and Staff Scholarship and Research

Describes the political and military split between the Communist countries of Yugoslavia and the Soviet Union in the years after World War II until Yugoslavia's disintegration in the early 1990s.

Power Struggle Over Ukraine: Systemic Observations, Zenonas Tziarras

Zenonas Tziarras

The Syrian civil war and now Ukraine. These are only two examples of crises over which the United States and Russia have bumped heads recently. Some might be tempted to call this a “new Cold War,” but it’s really not. Yes, the geopolitical competition and power struggle might be obvious and similar. And even the race for maximizing the spheres of influence. But the ideological context is different and therefore there is no clash of politico-economic systems, not to mention that calling the current international system “bipolar” is simplistic, to say the least. What we have now is a primarily …

Csdp And Nato: Rethinking The Transatlantic Security Relationship, Pia Bhathal

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

This paper explores the European Union’s (EU) security relationship with the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and the United States (US) through the framework of the Common Security and Defense Policy (CSDP). Skeptics have decried the rise of CSDP as a new security pillar, arguing that it is an attempt to balance against NATO and the US. I argue that this criticism is false. A comparison of two CSDP military operations, European Union Force Chad/CAR (EUFOR Tchad/RCA) and European Union Force Althea (EUFOR Althea), shows that operational success is heavily dependent on the EU’s ability to use NATO assets through …

The Kosovo War: Nato’S Opportunity, Sead Osmani

Claremont-UC Undergraduate Research Conference on the European Union

No abstract provided.

A Theoretical Analysis Of The Future Of Nato, Kaj W. E. Pedersen

CMC Senior Theses

My argument about NATO’s future is a combination of both neo-realist and constructivist thought, an adaptation of both neo-realist power struggles and constructivist institutional structures. Due to a lack of a significant threat, NATO will collapse as a military alliance. However, due to the longevity of the Trans-Atlantic Relationship, the similarities in the governmental structure of its members and the history of peaceful interactions between the allies on both sides of the Atlantic, the current “security community” will remain despite the collapse of the military aspects of the Alliance. NATO has been held together through organizational inertia and shifting the …

The International Security Presence In Kosovo And The Protection Of Human Rights, Federico Sperotto

Human Rights & Human Welfare

On March 11th, 2000, two children who were playing in the neighborhoods of Mitrovica, Kosovo, got hurt by an “unexploded ordnance”. One of them died in the explosion, the other was severely injured. An inquire clarified that the ordnance was a “bomblet”, a part of a cluster bomb dropped during the 1999 NATO air campaign against the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia.

© Federico Sperotto. All rights reserved.

This paper may be freely circulated in electronic or hard copy provided it is not modified in any way, the rights of the author not infringed, and the paper is not quoted or …

Quo Vadis? Polish-Ukrainian Relations In The Enlarging Europe, 1991–2004, Anna Makhorkina

Graduate Program in International Studies Theses & Dissertations

This dissertation seeks to analyze the development of Polish-Ukrainian relations in the context of the EU and NATO enlargements. It examines changes in the relationship during 1991-2004, and evaluates major factors that influenced it. The study of Polish-Ukrainian relations in 1991-2004 is important not only from an historical and geopolitical perspective, but also within the context of institutionally enlarging Europe. Poland has been a NATO-member since 1999 and an EU-member since 2004. Ukraine is a member of neither. This turns the Polish-Ukrainian relationship into a relationship between two states, where one side is an "insider" and the other an "outsider" …

The Yugoslav Wars’ Implications On Romanian Security, Nikolaos Tzifakis

Nikolaos Tzifakis

This paper perceives Romania as an integral part of the Balkan sub-regional security complex and attempts to evaluate the implications of its participation in Balkan affairs on its security. More precisely, the article discusses the effects that the Yugoslav (Croat-Serbian, Bosnian and Kosovar) wars had on Romanian security and presents Bucharest’s endeavor to manage its insecurity. The research demonstrates that Romania envisaged the management of its insecurity by upholding its application for membership in Western security structures (NATO, WEU) rather than by institutionalizing Balkan cooperation. Considering that NATO and Yugoslavia were adversaries throughout the 1990s, the paper discusses Bucharest’s dilemma …

Trends. The Naked And The Dead: Kosovar Statistics, Ibpp Editor

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article discusses Norman Mailer's commentary on an assertion by United States Senator Robert C. Byrd - that a 78-day air assault by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization halted Serbian attacks on Kosovar Albanians.

Ibpp Research Associates. Macedonia, Anonymous - Skopje, Macedonia

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article is a note (lightly edited for English only) from a professor in Skopje, Macedonia that was addressed to a professional colleague of the IBPP Editorial Board in response to that colleague's inquiry into the situation in Macedonia. The author notes a difference between what has been broadcast via the Western media and the perceptions of conditions in-country.

Ibpp Research Associates. Serbia, Aleksandar Radulovic, Nikola Radulovic

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article is a perspective that was contributed on April 25, 1999 by Aleksandar & Nikola Radulovic of Belgrade, Serbia through Global Network Initiative staffer Gil Grein.

Ibpp Research Associates. Banja Luka, Srpska, Zeljka Kasagic

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

This article is a letter from a 26 year-old Serbian female, Ms. Zeljka Kasagic, of Banja Luka, Srpska. The letter was written in a response to inquiries by Global Network Initiative staffer Gil Grein concerning the current crisis between the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Yugoslavia.

From The Ibpp Research Associates. (1) Global Perspectives. (2) Slovenia., United Nations, Janez Kranjski

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The IBPP Research Associates column has two parts, both of which are included in the downloadable document.

The first part of the document forwards text from a World Health Organization document, taken from the United Nations Wire for April 8, 1999. It has been posted here as a contrast to the first Trend entry in this IBPP Issue. Two main issues - (1) Possible orthogonality of psychological from legal and moral standards and (2) the reliability and validity of different approaches within the clinical sciences to delineating psychopathology - are considered.

The second part of the document is an April …

From The Ibpp Research Associates. Yugoslavia., Slobodan Milosevic

International Bulletin of Political Psychology

The article is an an English translation of a statement by the President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Mr. Slobodan Milosevic, to Yugoslav citizens. The statement was originally posted online at http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/yuembassy/ by the Yugoslav Embassy in Washington, DC, but is no longer available there. It was sent to IBPP by a reader.

IBPP suggests that readers analyze this statement in the context of the objectives publicly ventured by the North Atlantic Treaty Organization as rationale for its ongoing attacks on Yugoslav military assets that began on March 24, 1999.

Cyprus, The "Warlike Isle": Origins And Elements Of The Current Crisis, Thomas Ehrlich

Articles by Maurer Faculty

No abstract provided.