A Community Of Practice For Chinese Ngos, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Jan 2020
A Community Of Practice For Chinese Ngos, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Reza Hasmath
A community of practice represents an important resource for the sharing of sector-specific knowledge. It is a mechanism for Chinese NGOs to learn from each other, and collaborate. Drawing upon original data elicited from over 100 NGOs, this article examines the organizational capacity for Chinese NGOs to cultivate a mature community of practice. We find that there are inherent headwinds that Chinese NGOs will have to navigate to accomplish this goal. On the one hand, the majority of NGOs in our sample do not see themselves as part of a community of experts, which presents a huge challenge for the …
What Explains The Rise Of Majority-Minority Tensions And Conflict In Xinjiang?, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2018
What Explains The Rise Of Majority-Minority Tensions And Conflict In Xinjiang?, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
In the past few years there has been a rise of inter-ethnic violence in China. While ethno-cultural repression and ineffective state policies are correctly attributed as key culprits behind this reality, this article suggests that socio-economic factors play a fundamental contributory role as well. Using the Xinjiang case, the article maps ethnic tensions and violence as a manifestation and expression of a growing and heighten ethno-cultural consciousness stemming from ethnic minorities’ low socio-economic status due, in part, to internal Han migration, and a labour market process – involving agency and structure – that has shaped a split and segmented labour …
China's Affirmative Action Policy For Ethnic Minority Students.Docx, Caitlin Shea
Dec 2017
China's Affirmative Action Policy For Ethnic Minority Students.Docx, Caitlin Shea
Caitlin Shea
This study investigates and critically analyzes the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) preferential policy for ethnic minority students (少数民族的优惠政策) through the use of a case study conducted at Hexi University in Zhangye, Gansu. This study examines how the national preferential policy for ethnic minority students is implemented at a university level and how it is perceived by teachers and students in order to better understand and assess the impact and purpose of the policy. The study is driven by three questions; how is the PRC’s preferential policy for ethnic minority students implemented at a university level? Is the preferential policy …
When A Joke Is More Than A Joke: Humor As A Form Of Networked Practice In The Chinese Cyber Public Sphere, Mathew Yates, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2016
When A Joke Is More Than A Joke: Humor As A Form Of Networked Practice In The Chinese Cyber Public Sphere, Mathew Yates, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Received wisdom views political humor, viz. egao, in the Chinese cyber public sphere as a form of resistance. This study creates and tests a framework that best conceptualizes how different functions of egao are connected with one another: to analyze the patterns of ties that link the different facets of the phenomenon together. The study contends that by framing egao within network society theory, we can appreciate its fluidity and better understand its online ubiquity. Analysis of survey data suggests that it is not the content solely but the networked practice of egao that dictates its true function. Namely, the …
The Impact Of The European Union’S Policy Towards China’S Intellectual Property Regime, Natalia Wyzycka, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2016
The Impact Of The European Union’S Policy Towards China’S Intellectual Property Regime, Natalia Wyzycka, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
This article evaluates the effectiveness of two major European Union technical assistance programmes, IPR2 and IP Key, in shaping China’s regional intellectual property (IP) enforcement. It argues that although technical assistance programmes have been effective in influencing the national IP legal framework, it has been less successful in assisting regional policy enforcement. This is primarily the result of divergent economic priorities at the sub-national level. The article further assesses potential priorities for future IP technical assistance.
What Drives Contemporary Eu-China Strategic Engagement?, Natalia Wyzycka, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2015
What Drives Contemporary Eu-China Strategic Engagement?, Natalia Wyzycka, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
This study examines the determinants of the European Union’s strategic engagement with China, with reference to three competing analytical approaches: institutional, social, and agency/stakeholder. The article examines the utility of each claim and outlines complementary variables amongst the three approaches, with the aid of recent evidence looking at the E.U.’s arms embargo on China, E.U.-China engagement in Africa, and the E.U.’s longstanding dispute on granting China market economy status. The findings can reduce the misunderstandings and uncertainties embedded in European Union-China interactions by demystifying the factors and variables that drive their relationship.
Increasing Environmental Performance In A Context Of Low Governmental Enforcement: Evidence From China, Mary Alice Haddad
Jan 2015
Increasing Environmental Performance In A Context Of Low Governmental Enforcement: Evidence From China, Mary Alice Haddad
Mary Alice Haddad
How can activists and policy makers encourage better environmental behavior in a context of poor governmental enforcement? This article examines the case of the Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs, a Chinese nonprofit organization, to show how a transparency-based platform can encourage brand-sensitive multinational corporations, their suppliers, their investors, local governments, and consumers to behave in more environmentally responsible ways, even in a context of low governmental enforcement. Using Institute of Public & Environmental Affairs as its model, this article argues that a transparency-based platform can serve an important coordinating function across multiple sectors, creating a mechanism through which market …
Navigating Uncertainty: The Survival Strategies Of Religious Ngos In China, Jonathan Tam, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2014
Navigating Uncertainty: The Survival Strategies Of Religious Ngos In China, Jonathan Tam, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
This article looks at the strategies religious non-governmental organizations (RNGOs) with strong transnational linkages use to maintain a continued presence in mainland China. It does so by utilizing neo-institutional theory as an instrument for analysis, with an emphasis on outlining the coercive, mimetic, and normative pressures RNGOs face. One of the key findings of the study is that there is creative circumvention of isomorphic pressures by working with local agents, fostering trust with the local government, and keeping a low profile. Moreover, RNGOs dealt with the uncertain institutional environment in China through staff exchanges, denominational supervision, tapping into global platforms, …
Job Acquisition, Retention, And Outcomes For Ethnic Minorities In Urban China, Reza Hasmath, Benjamin Ho
Dec 2014
Job Acquisition, Retention, And Outcomes For Ethnic Minorities In Urban China, Reza Hasmath, Benjamin Ho
Reza Hasmath
This article estimates wage differentials between ethnic minorities and the Han majority in China. While Han-minority wage differentials estimated with regression analysis demonstrate little evidence for ethnic minority disadvantages, evidence looking at the process of ethnic minority job acquisition and retention suggests that minorities perceive they are at a disadvantage in the job search process. The article assesses potential factors for perceived disadvantages in China’s labor market such as discrimination, social network capital, and working culture.
Reasons Behind The Decision To Migrate: Are Men’S And Women’S Different? A Review Of The Literature, Veronica Pastor
Apr 2014
Reasons Behind The Decision To Migrate: Are Men’S And Women’S Different? A Review Of The Literature, Veronica Pastor
veronica pastor
While the decision to migrate is always essentially economic, men and women experience different “push and pull factors” and different opportunities resulting in different strategies.
The Interactions Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2013
The Interactions Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Drawing on six years of fieldwork in Beijing, this article looks at the daily interactions of ethnic minorities in local neighbourhoods and places of economic activities. Moreover, it examines ethnic minorities’ negotiations with public institutions, the Han majority and other ethnic minority groups. The article suggests that celebratory ethno-festivals and ethnic oriented restaurants that showcase minority traditions serve as a mechanism to encourage Han interactions with ethnic minority groups. However, the attendant risk in utilizing this practice is that the socio-economic struggles of many ethnic minority groups are being masked when a celebratory version of their culture and traditions are …
The Local Corporatist State And Ngo Relations In China, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2013
The Local Corporatist State And Ngo Relations In China, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
This article examines the Chinese state’s interactions and influences on the development of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) through a corporatist framework. It suggests that not only is the central state actively involved in the development of NGOs, but increasingly the successes of NGOs are determined by their interactions with the local state. We profile NGOs in Shanghai, of varying sizes, budgets, and issue-areas, as a case study to understand the interplay between NGOs and the local state. The article further discusses reasons behind the growing shift from central to local state influences, and the potential future implications for state-NGO relations in …
To The Peoples: Christianity And Ethnicity In China's Minority Areas, Francis Khek Gee Lim
Jan 2013
To The Peoples: Christianity And Ethnicity In China's Minority Areas, Francis Khek Gee Lim
Francis Khek Gee Lim
No abstract provided.
White Snake, Black Snake
Folk Narrative Meets Master Narrative
In Qing Dynasty Sichuanese Cross-Stitch Medallions, Cory Willmott
Oct 2012
White Snake, Black Snake
Folk Narrative Meets Master Narrative
In Qing Dynasty Sichuanese Cross-Stitch Medallions, Cory Willmott
Cory A. Willmott
The cross-stitch medallion in figure 1 was collected by my grandmother, Katherine Willmott, in the early 1920s when she was a missionary in Renshow, Sichuan Province, West China. Many years after I inherited it, I learned that it depicts a folk narrative called “White Snake; Black Snake” that was traditionally performed both on stage in the legitimate theaters and in Chinese shadow puppet dramas (Highbaugh n/d:6).
The story may be summarized as follows: There were two female snakes, White Snake and Black Snake, who were inseparable friends. They both changed into beautiful young women. White Snake got married and bore …
The Paradox Of Gender Among West China Missionary Collectors, 1920-1950, Cory A. Willmott
Dec 2011
The Paradox Of Gender Among West China Missionary Collectors, 1920-1950, Cory A. Willmott
Cory A. Willmott
During the turbulent years between the Chinese nationalist revolution of 1911 and the communist victory of 1949, a group of missionaries lived and worked in West China whose social gospel theologies led to unusual identification with Chinese. Among the regular social actors in their lives were itinerant “curio men” who, amidst the chaos of feuding warlords, gathered up the heirlooms of the deposed Manchurian aristocracy and offered these wares for sale on the quiet and orderly verandahs of the mansions inside the missionary compounds of West China Union University. Although missionary men and women often collected the same types of …
From Job Search To Hiring To Promotion: The Labour Market Experiences Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2010
From Job Search To Hiring To Promotion: The Labour Market Experiences Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Drawing on micro-level census data and interviews with individual workers and employers, this article examines the job-search, hiring and promotion experiences of ethnic minority workers and jobseekers in Beijing. Labour market data indicate that ethnic minorities are at a disadvantage relative to the dominant Han ethnic group, particularly when it comes to employment in high-wage, skilled jobs. The evidence provided here suggests this may be attributable to gaps in the institutional framework that encourage reliance on social-network capital for job search, hiring and promotion. [Winner of the Society for the Study of Social Problems’ Poverty, Class, and Inequality Division Paper …
The Education Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2010
The Education Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
This article investigates the operations of minority schools, and the subsequent on-the-ground experiences of ethnic minorities in Beijing at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels. The article suggests that the ‘inter-sectionality’ of ethnic identities, particularly minority-majority, rich-poor and urban-rural, must be factored in when examining the varying differences between minorities who have graduated from Beijing’s minority schools and non-Beijing ethnic minorities, who have enrolled in the capital city’s universities. The article draws upon recent statistical data, interviews with minority actors and public stakeholders, and participant observation in the city’s schools and universities.
De La Búsqueda De Empleo Al Ascenso. Experiencias De Las Minorías Étnicas En Pekín, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2010
De La Búsqueda De Empleo Al Ascenso. Experiencias De Las Minorías Étnicas En Pekín, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Valiéndose de datos del censo y de entrevistas personales, el autor estudia las experiencias laborales de los trabajadores y solicitantes de empleo de Pekín pertenecientes a minorías étnicas. Los datos del mercado de trabajo indican que estas personas se hallan en desventaja respecto de la etnia han, que es la dominante, sobre todo en el acceso a los puestos más cualificados y mejor remunerados. Las comprobaciones del autor dejan entrever que ello puede achacarse a las lagunas de que adolece el orden laboral y que fomentan la dependencia de las redes sociales en este terreno. [Winner of the Society for …
European Policies On Land Compensation And Support For Displaced Rural Workers: Relevance To China, Mel Cousins, Zhihui Wu, Jean-Phillipe Lhernould, Malgosia Rusewicz, Simon Roberts
Sep 2010
European Policies On Land Compensation And Support For Displaced Rural Workers: Relevance To China, Mel Cousins, Zhihui Wu, Jean-Phillipe Lhernould, Malgosia Rusewicz, Simon Roberts
Mel Cousins
This report examines the position of farmers who have lost their land (or displaced rural workers) in China. It studies policies adopted in three EU countries (France, Poland and the UK) (i) to provide compensation for land which has been compulsorily purchased; and (ii) to provide social policy support to disaplaced rural workers. It draws out the possible implications of these EU experiences for China
Sino-Indonesian Relations: Lessons From The Past, Rosita Dellios
Jan 2010
Sino-Indonesian Relations: Lessons From The Past, Rosita Dellios
Rosita Dellios
In terms of both population and territory, Indonesia and China are the largest nations in their respective regions of Southeast Asia and Northeast Asia. They share a long history of relations, with a 'golden age' of understanding dating back to the 7th century. This was when learned Buddhists from China would travel via Borobodur in Java in their pilgrimages to India. Later, from the 14th century, diplomatic and trade interactions were fostered by 'cultural brokers' on both sides. Chronicles show Javanese envoys of Chinese origin, such as Chen Yen-xiang, conducting diplomacy with China. Muslim Chinese, such as the celebrated Ming …
The Big Payoff? Educational And Occupational Attainments Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Dec 2007
The Big Payoff? Educational And Occupational Attainments Of Ethnic Minorities In Beijing, Reza Hasmath
Reza Hasmath
Ethnic minority development in Beijing has been marred by deep-seated historical experiences of strained ethnic relations. In spite of this situation, this article demonstrates that ethnic minorities in the capital city have achieved greater educational attainments than the dominant, Han group. Yet, when it comes to their occupational outcomes in high-wage, education-intensive (HWEI) sectors, minorities seemingly pay an ‘ethnic penalty’. That is, the Han demographic are disproportionately represented in HWEI occupational sectors. Building upon previous evidence, this article discusses this discrepancy and offers suggestions for improvement. [Winner of the European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes’ Research Prize for …
Ngos In China: Issues Of Good Governance And Accountability, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Dec 2007
Ngos In China: Issues Of Good Governance And Accountability, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Reza Hasmath
Drawing on interviews conducted among leading local and international NGOs operating in China, this article examines how NGOs understand and implement good governance and accountability principles and practices. It also examines how Chinese constituents and the general public perceive local and international NGOs. The discussion provides a basis on which to assess ways of improving governance and accountability practices for NGOs operating in China.
对中国公民社会组织良好治理的研, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Dec 2007
对中国公民社会组织良好治理的研, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Reza Hasmath
本文研究中国公民社会组织（CSOs）在良好治理方面的作为，比 如在诚信和透明方面的表现。通过对主要的国际及国内公民社会组织的访问,本文将关注中国的公民社会组织是如何理解和实施良好的治理的.此外,本文还将关注中国的乡官人群和公众是如何看待在中国工作的国际和国内公民社会组织.最后,将通过以上方面的研究为中国公民社会组织在未来实现良好治理提出建议.
Constructing Indigenousness In The Late Modern World, Robert Cribb, Li Narangoa
Jan 2007
Constructing Indigenousness In The Late Modern World, Robert Cribb, Li Narangoa
Robert Cribb
Examines changing meanings of the term 'indigenous" in relation to other ideas that have been valued in various (mainly Western) philosophical system, such as priority, attachment to the land, and technical knowledge.
Social Development In The Tibet Autonomous Region: A Contemporary And Historical Analysis, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Dec 2006
Social Development In The Tibet Autonomous Region: A Contemporary And Historical Analysis, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu
Reza Hasmath
This paper will historically examine social development outcomes in the Tibet Autonomous Region (TAR) in respect to poverty eradication, education and employment, health care and social integration. Moreover, it will offer tangible advice for improving future social development work in TAR. The main theoretical approach is a literature and policy review of social development in TAR from 1951 to present. Seemingly Tibet’s social development strategy has been achieved through a strong top-down approach. However, the road ahead for TAR once basic needs are satisfactorily met, is a move towards a participatory approach, whereby Tibetans can directly contribute and have a …
Japan’S War With China: Context And Stakes, Michele Gibney
Nov 2004
Japan’S War With China: Context And Stakes, Michele Gibney
Michele Gibney
The context in which Japan was drawn into war with China, and what they had at stake going in, are flip sides of the same coin. The contexts and stakes are: democratic government, will of the people, international status, foreign trade, the Emperor, and racial superiority. In the 1920’s and 30’s, Japan was losing the ideal of democracy, the desire to have democracy, and the will of the people. They were drawn into the war with China in order to reunite the citizenry and because of a failed democratic leadership being supplanted by right wing militarists. International status and foreign …
