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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Eating Disorders (3)
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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Wada Test Reliability (Response To Haber Et Al.), T. Loddenkemper, H. Morris, Tara Lineweaver, C. Kellinghaus
Wada Test Reliability (Response To Haber Et Al.), T. Loddenkemper, H. Morris, Tara Lineweaver, C. Kellinghaus
Tara T. Lineweaver
Response piece.
Effect Of Apolipoprotein Ε4 On Hippocampal And Brain Volume In Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Robyn Busch, Darlene Floden, Tara Lineweaver, Jessica Chapin, Kanjana Ungwongse, Tim Wehner, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Imad Najm
Effect Of Apolipoprotein Ε4 On Hippocampal And Brain Volume In Intractable Temporal Lobe Epilepsy, Robyn Busch, Darlene Floden, Tara Lineweaver, Jessica Chapin, Kanjana Ungwongse, Tim Wehner, Ramon Diaz-Arrastia, Imad Najm
Tara T. Lineweaver
This study investigated the relationship between the apolipoprotein (APOE) ε4 allele and brain volumes in patients with medically intractable temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). MRI-based volumetric analyses of the hippocampi, cerebral hemispheres, and whole brain were conducted in 59 patients with TLE (31 with left TLE, 28 with right TLE) with hippocampal sclerosis (HS). There were no differences in hippocampal, hemispheric, or whole brain volumes as a function of ε4 status even after correcting for hemispheric and total brain volumes. However, APOE ε4 carriers showed a trend toward having a smaller discrepancy between ipsilateral and contralateral hippocampal volumes than patients without …
Memory Performance Is Related To Language Dominance As Determined By The Intracarotid Amobarbital Procedure, S. Kovac, G. Möddel, J. Reinholz, A. Alexopoulosa, T. Syed, S. Schuele, Tara Lineweaver, T. Loddenkemper
Memory Performance Is Related To Language Dominance As Determined By The Intracarotid Amobarbital Procedure, S. Kovac, G. Möddel, J. Reinholz, A. Alexopoulosa, T. Syed, S. Schuele, Tara Lineweaver, T. Loddenkemper
Tara T. Lineweaver
Objective
The goal of this study was to explore the relationship between language and memory lateralization in patients with epilepsy undergoing the intracarotid amobarbital procedure.
Methods
In 386 patients, language lateralization and memory lateralization as determined by laterality index (LI) were correlated with each other.
Results
Language lateralization and memory lateralization were positively correlated (r = 0.34, P < 0.01). Correlations differed depending on the presence and type of lesion (χ2 = 7.98, P < 0.05). LIs correlated significantly higher (z = 2.82, P < 0.05) in patients with cortical dysplasia (n = 41, r = 0.61, P < 0.01) compared with the group without lesions (n = 90, r = 0.16, P > 0.05), with patients with hippocampal sclerosis falling between these two groups. Both memory (P < 0.01) and language (P …
Atypical Language Lateralization In Epilepsy Patients, Gabriel Möddel, Tara Lineweaver, Stephan Schuele, Julia Reinholz, T. Loddenkemper
Atypical Language Lateralization In Epilepsy Patients, Gabriel Möddel, Tara Lineweaver, Stephan Schuele, Julia Reinholz, T. Loddenkemper
Tara T. Lineweaver
Purpose: To investigate whether atypical language dominance in epilepsy patients is related to localization and type of lesions. Methods: Four hundred and forty-five epilepsy patients received bilateral Wada testing. Language was classified as left (L), right (R), bilateral-dependent (BD, speech arrest after left and right injections), or bilateral-independent (BI, no speech arrest after either injection). Groups were compared regarding handedness and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions. Lesions were classified as “early” (congenital), “late” neocortical (acquired after birth), and hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Results: Of all patients, 78% were L, 6% R, 7% BD, and 9% BI. Right-handers with left lesions did …
Adventure Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Adventure Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Taylor C Salisbury
The purpose of the current study was to examine the effectiveness of an adventure-based counselling (ABC) program on interpersonal behaviour within a forensic psychiatric population. Very little research has examined the effectiveness of an adventure-therapy approach with this population, and to our knowledge, an ABC program has never been attempted, much less examined for efficacy. Participants in this study were offenders at the Southwest Center for Forensic Mental Health Care in St. Thomas, Ontario who were designated not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder. Offenders took part in a 12-session ABC program which addressed interpersonal skills through various challenge …
Adventure-Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Adventure-Based Counselling: Promoting Positive Interpersonal Behaviour In Mentally Ill Offenders, Taylor Salisbury
Taylor C Salisbury
The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of an adventure-based counselling (ABC) program on the interpersonal behaviour of forensic psychiatric inpatients. To our knowledge, no research had examined the use of an adventure-therapy approach with this population despite the promising literature on ABC with other samples. Participants were mentally ill offenders at the Southwest Center for Forensic Mental Health Care in St. Thomas, Ontario. Seventeen participants took part in a 12-session ABC program which addressed interpersonal skills through group challenge activities. Measures of interpersonal behaviour were assessed using both self-report questionnaires and file review. Results showed hypothesized …
Acute Effects Of Cocaine On Spontaneous And Discriminative Motor Functions: Relation To Route Of Administration And Pharmacokinetics, Abdulrazaq Imam
Acute Effects Of Cocaine On Spontaneous And Discriminative Motor Functions: Relation To Route Of Administration And Pharmacokinetics, Abdulrazaq Imam
Abdulrazaq A. Imam
Rats administered cocaine i.p. and p.o. (7.5-30 mg/kg) showed dose-related increases in locomotor (LM) and small-movement activities, with LM rates decreasing over the 2-hr session, except at the largest i.p. dose, for which rates were greater in the 2nd hr. Lidocaine p.o. (15-30 mg/kg) did not increase activity. Relating the area under the curve measures for serum cocaine (concentration-time) and LM activity (LM activity-time) for 2 hr postadministration indicated that cocaine was about twice as potent i.p., compared to p.o., in increasing LM activity. Cocaine (i.p. and p.o.) produced dose-related decrements in both discriminative motor control performance and in task …
Body Image Avoidance, Body Dissatisfaction And Eating Pathology: Is There A Difference Between Male Gym And Non-Gym Users?, Peta Stapleton, Amy Bannatyne, Timothy Mcintyre
Body Image Avoidance, Body Dissatisfaction And Eating Pathology: Is There A Difference Between Male Gym And Non-Gym Users?, Peta Stapleton, Amy Bannatyne, Timothy Mcintyre
Peta B. Stapleton
With research highlighting the increasing prevalence and severity of body image and eating disturbances in males, particularly athletes and regular gymnasium users, the current study examined body image and eating disturbances in a sample of male gym users and non-gym users (N = 180). Based on previous research, it was predicted that male gym users would report greater body image disturbance (e.g., body image avoidance and body dissatisfaction) and eating pathology, compared with non-gym users. Results of the study partially supported hypotheses, revealing body dissatisfaction and eating pathology were significantly increased in male gym users. However, no significant differences were …
Autism Spectrum Disorders In Children And Adolescents: Evidence-Based Assessment And Intervention In Schools., Lee Wilkinson
Autism Spectrum Disorders In Children And Adolescents: Evidence-Based Assessment And Intervention In Schools., Lee Wilkinson
Lee A Wilkinson, PhD
School professionals and clinicians share the challenge of identifying and providing interventions for the increasing number of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This book is an authoritative resource that presents up-to-date research and evidence-based tools for accurate assessment and intervention. It includes procedures to help identify children using the new DSM-5 symptom criteria and offers essential guidance for assessing a variety of emotional, behavioral, and academic problems. The book provides practitioners with an evidence-based assessment battery, which includes tests of cognitive, academic, neuropsychological, and adaptive functioning. The pragmatic, social-communicative functions of language are considered together with assessments to identify …
Depression Screening On A Maternity Unit: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Of Nurses’ Views And Implementation Strategies, Lisa Segre, Lauren Pollack, Rebecca Brock, Jeana Andrew, Michael O'Hara
Depression Screening On A Maternity Unit: A Mixed-Methods Evaluation Of Nurses’ Views And Implementation Strategies, Lisa Segre, Lauren Pollack, Rebecca Brock, Jeana Andrew, Michael O'Hara
Lisa S. Segre
Postpartum women often suffer clinically significant depressive symptoms, a problem addressed by nurse-delivered screening programs. In the past, success of these identification programs was measured in terms of screening rates; however, merely evaluating the screening rate does little to inform howto implement depression screening in clinical practice. This article describes the experiences of nurses in implementing depression screening on a maternity unit. We evaluate the practice qualitatively, by asking nurses to describe their screening strategies and their views about implementation, as well as quantitatively by assessing their screening rates and the number of women identified. Utilizing a framework of program …
The Effectiveness Of Educational Interventions In Reducing Negative Attitudes And Stigmatisation Toward Patients With Anorexia Nervosa., Peta Stapleton, Amy Bannatyne
The Effectiveness Of Educational Interventions In Reducing Negative Attitudes And Stigmatisation Toward Patients With Anorexia Nervosa., Peta Stapleton, Amy Bannatyne
Peta B. Stapleton
It is frequently reported that clinicians across a range of professional disciplines experience strong negative reactions toward patients with eating disorders, particularly anorexia nervosa (AN). As research consistently demonstrates fear of stigma is the most frequently cited reason explaining why individuals with mental illness do not seek treatment, the current study aimed to develop, evaluate and compare the effectiveness of two differing educational interventions, based on an etiological framing model, against a wait-list control. Participants were fourth-year medicine students randomly assigned to one of three conditions. A three-hour educational workshop was delivered to participants at the beginning of an eight-week …
Dysfunctional Eating In An Australian Community Sample: The Role Of Emotional Regulation. Impulsivity And Reward And Punishment Sensitivity, Peta Stapleton, Melissa Whitehead
Dysfunctional Eating In An Australian Community Sample: The Role Of Emotional Regulation. Impulsivity And Reward And Punishment Sensitivity, Peta Stapleton, Melissa Whitehead
Peta B. Stapleton
This study aimed to examine the role of emotion regulation and reinforcement sensitivity in dysfunctional eating behaviours. Two hundred twenty-eight adults from the Australian community completed self-report inventories assessing the variables. Dysfunctional restrained eaters differed from those who did not engage in restrained eating in terms of their emotion regulation, impulsivity, and sensitivity to reward. Difficulties in emotion regulation, low impulsivity, and sensitivity to reward predicted engagement in restrained eating. Emotional eaters significantly differed from those who did not engage in dysfunctional levels of emotional eating in terms of their emotion regulation, impulsivity, and sensitivity towards reward, and difficulties in …
Psychological Determinants Of Emotional Eating: The Role Of Attachment, Psychopathological Symptom Distress, Love Attitudes, And Perceived Hunger., Peta Stapleton, Eleanor Mackay
Psychological Determinants Of Emotional Eating: The Role Of Attachment, Psychopathological Symptom Distress, Love Attitudes, And Perceived Hunger., Peta Stapleton, Eleanor Mackay
Peta B. Stapleton
The present study aimed to investigate the psychological determinants of emotional eating in a national and international sample of healthy weight, overweight and obese adults (N = 226). Specifically, attachment styles, psychopathological symptom distress and love attitudes were explored for their ability to predict emotional eating. Findings supported the suggestion symptom distress may particularly predispose individuals to engaging in emotionally motivated overeating, with a large effect size observed. Preoccupied attachment was also a significant predictor of emotion eating, even after controlling for state-based inferences. However, there were no significant contributions of secure, fearful-avoidant, or dismissive-avoidant attachment style in the prediction …
Multitier Screening And Identification, Lee Wilkinson
Multitier Screening And Identification, Lee Wilkinson
Lee A Wilkinson, PhD
Although autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects approximately 1% of the school-age population, it is not unusual for children with mild levels of impairment to remain unidentified until well after entering school. A recent study examining the timing of identification among children with autism using a population-based sample from an ongoing surveillance effort across 13 sites in the United States found the gap between potential and actual age of identification (for those identified) to be in the range of 2.7 to 3.7 years. Combined with the fact that more than one quarter of cases were never identified as having ASD through …