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Selected Works

1996

Articles 1 - 5 of 5

Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences

An Appraisal Of Local Exchange And Trading Systems In The United Kingdom, Colin C. Williams May 1996

An Appraisal Of Local Exchange And Trading Systems In The United Kingdom, Colin C. Williams

Colin C Williams

During the past few years, Local Exchange and Trading Systems (LETS) have emerged through the
United Kingdom and are being widely heralded as a new tool for promoting community development.
Indeed, 64 per cent of local authorities have expressed an intention to develop a LETS in their area (Gibbs et al, 1995). However, there has been little, if any, appraisal of LETS which can inform such policy initiatives. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to report the results of a national survey of the origins, objectives, growth, magnitude, character and impacts of LETS. Arising out of this, several alterations …

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Characteristics Of Member-Established Headings In The Oclc Database, Karen S. Calhoun Apr 1996

Characteristics Of Member-Established Headings In The Oclc Database, Karen S. Calhoun

Karen S Calhoun

Offers insights and recommendations on "gap" headings--OCLC member-contributed headings not covered by the LC name authority file--and suggests further analysis to identify headings for which "just in time" authority control would be appropriate. Extends what was learned in OCLC's early 1990s automated authority control project that corrected about 5.6 million headings in the OCLC database.

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A Variational Inequality For Marketable Pollution Permits, Anna Nagurney, Kathy Dhanda Dec 1995

A Variational Inequality For Marketable Pollution Permits, Anna Nagurney, Kathy Dhanda

Kathy K Dhanda

No abstract provided.

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Technological Specialization And Economic Performance In Oecd Countries, Mario Pianta, Valentina Meliciani Dec 1995

Technological Specialization And Economic Performance In Oecd Countries, Mario Pianta, Valentina Meliciani

Mario Pianta

The paper investigates the growing sectoral specialization in technological activities of OECD countries (measured using patent data) and its impact on countries' innovative and economic performance in the 1975-1990 period. Aggregate indicators of sectoral specialization are introduced, showing the extent to which countries concentrate their innovations in few fields, or spread them across several sectors. A general positive relationship is found between the degree of specialization in technology and higher rates of growth, while specialization in electronics-related fields is not associated to better economic or technological performances. The position of individual countries in these patterns is also examined, showing that …

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Measuring Technological Change Through Patents And Innovation Surveys, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi Dec 1995

Measuring Technological Change Through Patents And Innovation Surveys, Mario Pianta, Daniele Archibugi

Mario Pianta

This article provides an overview of recent research using innovation surveys and patent data as indicators of technological activity. The conceptual and methodological problems of 'measuring' technology are discussed, with a classification of the types of information which can be drawn from patent databases and from surveys of both innovations and the innovative efforts of firms. The findings and the methodological strengths and weaknesses of such studies are reviewed, considering first the evidence at the firm level, second the analysis of the industrial structure and finally the evidence at the country level and the process of globalization. The overview shows …

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