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Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons™
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- Christianity (3)
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- Face (2)
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- Psychology (2)
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- Servant-leadership (2)
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- "whole armor" (1)
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- Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program (40)
- Counseling and the Demonic (19)
- Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics (16)
- Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies (13)
- Faculty Publications - George Fox School of Theology (11)
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- Faculty Publications - Department of Communication and Cinematic Arts (8)
- Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies (6)
- Faculty Publications - Portland Seminary (6)
- Faculty Publications - College of Business (5)
- Faculty Publications - Department of English (4)
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- George Fox College Journal, 1952-1966 (1)
Articles 1 - 30 of 136
Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Spiritual Well-Being Scale (Swbs): Measuring Spiritual Well-Being In International Contexts, Rodger K. Bufford, Raymond F. Paloutzian
Spiritual Well-Being Scale (Swbs): Measuring Spiritual Well-Being In International Contexts, Rodger K. Bufford, Raymond F. Paloutzian
Faculty Publications - Psychology Department
The Spiritual Well-Being Scale (SWBS) is a 20-item measure of self-perceived spiritual health. Developed in the 1980s, it includes 2 subscales with 10 items each. Responses are made on a 6-point continuum from Strongly Disagree to Strongly Agree with no neutral point; 9 of the items are negatively worded to minimize response biases. The US samples show good internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Content validity was established in construction. Expected correlations with religion and spirituality indices, social and psychological mea-sures, and physical functioning and demonstration of expected group differences support criterion validity. Factor analysis commonly shows 2 factors corresponding to …
The Essential Points Of Critical Race Theory, And Why Patriotic Americans Should Oppose It., Kerry Irish
The Essential Points Of Critical Race Theory, And Why Patriotic Americans Should Oppose It., Kerry Irish
Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics
This study is based on a careful reading of Critical Race Theory: An Introduction (Third Edition, 978-1479802760) by Richard Delgado and Jean Stefancic. This book is considered “the best introduction available to Critical Race Theory.” Both Delgado and Stefancic are guiding lights of the CRT movement. Nevertheless, the reader should be aware that any ideological movement has disagreements among its adherents. My comments regarding CRT are responses to Delgado and Stefancic. The reader should also be aware that I am highly critical of CRT. My purpose here is to explain what CRT is, and point out its mistakes, exaggerations, and …
Between Text And Sermon: Ephesians 6:10-20, Ekaputra Tupamahu
Between Text And Sermon: Ephesians 6:10-20, Ekaputra Tupamahu
Faculty Publications - Portland Seminary
Gun violence is a serious problem in the United States. Mass shootings are now almost daily occurrences, and no one, not even Christians, seems to know how to stop them. Last year, the Pew Research Center found that although almost half (48%) of Americans consider gun violence as “a very big problem in the country today,” and about “40% of Americans live in a household with a gun.”1 People are divided on this issue along geographical and rural/urban lines, political ideologies, religious convictions, gender, and so on.
Is Anybody There? Exploring The Role Of Social Presence In An Online Political Science Research Methods Class, Delton Daigle, Aaron Stuvland
Is Anybody There? Exploring The Role Of Social Presence In An Online Political Science Research Methods Class, Delton Daigle, Aaron Stuvland
Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics
Social presence, or the “being there” and “being real” presence of others in an online learning environment, is widely considered to have a positive impact on student motivation and participation, actual and perceived learning, course and instructor satisfaction, and retention in online courses (Richardson et al. 2017; Oh et al. 2018). Several aspects of social presence remain understudied however, such as how gender, class rank, and other demographical characteristics may influence perceptions of social presence and condition the relationship between perceptions of social presence and academic performance or course satisfaction. Furthermore, although studies of the impact of social presence abound, …
“I Don’T Want To Hear Your Language!” White Social Imagination And The Demography Of Roman Corinth, Ekaputra Tupamahu
“I Don’T Want To Hear Your Language!” White Social Imagination And The Demography Of Roman Corinth, Ekaputra Tupamahu
Faculty Publications - Portland Seminary
This article aims to deconstruct the hidden pervasive whiteness in biblical scholarship and to propose another way to reimagine the linguistic dynamic of Roman Corinth from an Asian American perspective. It highlights the legal and historical interconnectedness of whiteness and the dominance of English. English is a critical marker of whiteness in the United States. In this context, immigrants are expected to conform to and assimilate themselves with whiteness by performing English. This particular racialized context has influenced and resulted in a scholarly historical reconstruction of immigrants in Roman Corinth as “Greek speaking im/migrants.” Immigrants can come from many different …
The Art Of Balancing: Teaching A Mixed-Level Seminary Classroom, Ekaterina Lomperis
The Art Of Balancing: Teaching A Mixed-Level Seminary Classroom, Ekaterina Lomperis
Faculty Publications - Portland Seminary
Disparate, mixed-level classrooms are composed of students of acutely diverse levels of academic preparedness, background, and knowledge of the subject matter. I was confronted with the challenge of managing such classrooms when I first began teaching at a denominational seminary. I continue to regularly engage such classrooms while teaching seminary students at my current institution.
Understanding Face And Shame: A Servant-Leadership And Face Management Model, Jiying Song
Understanding Face And Shame: A Servant-Leadership And Face Management Model, Jiying Song
Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies
Clergy can have a negative impact on churches and other individuals when they knowingly or unknowingly attempt to save face, that is, try to protect their standing or reputation. The desire to gain face and the fear of losing face and feeling ashamed will likely permeate clergy’s decision-making processes without even being noticed. This study explores the essence of face and face management and the relationship between face management and two characteristics of servant-leadership—awareness and healing—in both Chinese and American churches through the methodology of hermeneutic phenomenology. Prior to this study, to my knowledge, no hermeneutic phenomenological research of face …
Roger Sherman, Oliver Ellsworth, And The Formation Of America's Constitutional Order (Chapter Five Of Great Christian Jurists In American History), Mark David Hall
Roger Sherman, Oliver Ellsworth, And The Formation Of America's Constitutional Order (Chapter Five Of Great Christian Jurists In American History), Mark David Hall
Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics
In 1822, former President John Adams wrote to the biographer John Sanderson that Roger Sherman was "one of the most cordial friends which I ever had in my life. Destitute of all literary and scientific education, but such as he acquired by his own exertions, he was one of the most sensible men in the world. The clearest head and steadiest heart. It is praise enough to say that the late Chief Justice Ellsworth told me that he had made Mr. Sherman his model in his youth .... [He] was one of the soundest and strongest pillars of the revolution." …
Pedagogies Of Distance Learning, Ekaterina Lomperis
Pedagogies Of Distance Learning, Ekaterina Lomperis
Faculty Publications - Portland Seminary
North American universities increasingly offer distance learning options as part of their undergraduate, master’s, and even doctoral curricula. Distance education may include online courses (taught solely via the Internet), hybrid courses (online courses which involve occasional required face-to-face components), or a combination of the two. Once primarily associated with for-profit online-based colleges delivering educational content of questionable quality, online teaching and learning has been establishing its presence in mainstream education, including flagship public universities, small liberal arts colleges, and (of particular relevance for religious studies) seminaries. While premier private research universities have thus far expressed reservations regarding online education, one …
Face Management And Servant-Leadership: A Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study Of Chinese And American Christian Church Leaders, Jiying Song
Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies
Leaders can have a negative impact on organizations when they knowingly or unknowingly attempt to save face, that is, try to protect their standing or reputation. The strong cultural value of not losing face presents a unique challenge for organizational leaders. The desire to gain face and the fear of losing face will likely permeate leaders‟ decision-making processes without even being noticed. The phenomenon of face exists both in China and in the United States, yet misunderstandings and a lack of understanding of face exist in both countries. Face management is the communicative strategies people use to manage face during …
Whose Rebellion? Reformed Resistance Theory In America: Part Ii, Sarah Morgan Smith, Mark David Hall
Whose Rebellion? Reformed Resistance Theory In America: Part Ii, Sarah Morgan Smith, Mark David Hall
Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics
Students of the American Founding routinely assert that America's civic leaders were influenced by secular Lockean political ideas, especially on the question of resistance to tyrannical authority. In the first part of this series, we showed that virtually all Reformed writers, from Calvin to the end of the Glorious Revolution, agreed that tyrants could be actively resisted. The only debated question was who could resist them. In this essay, we contend that the Reformed approach to active resistance had an important influence on how America's Founders responded to perceived tyrannical actions by Parliament and the Crown.
Introduction To Quakers, Politics, And Economics (Volume 5 Of Quakers And The Disciplines), Thomas F. Head
Introduction To Quakers, Politics, And Economics (Volume 5 Of Quakers And The Disciplines), Thomas F. Head
Faculty Publications - College of Business
No abstract provided.
For The Beauty Of The Earth: Serving Others Through Being Fully Present, Jiying Song
For The Beauty Of The Earth: Serving Others Through Being Fully Present, Jiying Song
Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies
Excerpt: "Have you ever tried to describe a quiet summer afternoon in the garden? You are sitting in the shade, feeling the breeze, smelling the barbeque aroma from the neighborhood, drinking iced tea, listening to birds chirping, and watching the sunlight embracing leaves, flowers, and grass. We are made out of dust; that is how attached to the earth we are. We may be looking at a garden, but are we present to the beauty of the earth?"
Leading Through Awareness And Healing: A Servant Leadership Model, Jiying Song
Leading Through Awareness And Healing: A Servant Leadership Model, Jiying Song
Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies
Excerpt: "Servant-leadership was not a leadership theory developed through empirical studies, but more a philosophy of life first articulated by Robert Greenleaf (1904-1990) (Beazley, 2003). Scholars and writers have been criticizing servant-leadership as soft (Ebener, 2011; Nayab, 2011) and lacking a coherent conceptual framework (Eicher-Catt, 2005), an integrated theoretical development (van Dierendonck, 2011), and empirical support (Northouse, 2016). In response to these critiques and public interest, some scholars and writers have organized servant-leadership into a variety of elements: characteristics (Liden, Panaccio, Meuser, Hu, & Wayne, 2014; Spears, 2002), behaviors (Liden et al., 2014), pillars (Sipe & Frick, 2009), dimensions (van …
Latina/O Conversion And Miracle-Seeking At A Buddhist Temple, Stephen M. Cherry, Kemal Budak, Aida I. Ramos
Latina/O Conversion And Miracle-Seeking At A Buddhist Temple, Stephen M. Cherry, Kemal Budak, Aida I. Ramos
Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies
The growing diversification of the US Latino religious’ experiences calls for scholarly attention beyond Protestant or Catholic categories. This study begins to answer this call. Using interview data with 26 Latinos collected over 2 years of observation at the True Lama Meditation Center (TLMC) in Houston, Texas, we describe how Latinos who convert to Buddhism or actively attend the temple while also continuing to attend Christian services (both Catholic and Protestant) see themselves and understand their religious identities and practices. We then explore the reasons for their conversion or changes in religious identities and practices through various theoretical lens. Although …
On Lament, Steven Classen
On Lament, Steven Classen
Faculty Publications - Department of Communication and Cinematic Arts
Not long ago, I had the privilege of participating in an invigorating roundtable conversation with regionally-based artists, scholars, and administrators in downtown Portland. We met to discuss the funding of the arts as well as strategies and concerns connected to issues of “Faith and Art” in the region. We convened in a beautiful space—the remodeled Pacific Northwest College of the Arts. It was a heady time, marked by generous curiosity. We talked art, faith, futures, frustrations and dreams. We initiated new friendships and discussed new projects. I was inspired and encouraged.
Changing Behavior And Renewing The Brain: A Study Of College Students, Mark Maddix, Glena Andrews
Changing Behavior And Renewing The Brain: A Study Of College Students, Mark Maddix, Glena Andrews
Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program
The field of neuroscience and religion continues to explode as researchers seek to understand religious experiences in the brain. Studies in religious experience, called neurotheology, attempt to draw conclusions about the truth of these religious experiences from the study of biological brain events. Given the substantial research on the science of religion, this article explores the physiological changes of college students engaged in regular spiritual practices. Students were asked to engage in intentional spiritual formational practices, such as prayer, meditation, Scripture reading, and contemplation, to see if these practices impacted their physiological activities, including brain wave, heart rate, skin response …
Spiritual Formation In The Graduate School Of Clinical Psychology At George Fox University, Rodger K. Bufford, Nancy S. Thurston, Kathleen Gathercoal, Marie-Christine Goodworth, Lynn H. Holt
Spiritual Formation In The Graduate School Of Clinical Psychology At George Fox University, Rodger K. Bufford, Nancy S. Thurston, Kathleen Gathercoal, Marie-Christine Goodworth, Lynn H. Holt
Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program
At its inception, the training model in the Graduate School of Clinical Psychology (GSCP) at George Fox University was informed by the approach inaugurated at Fuller Theological Seminary School of Psychology in the 1960s. In the original model, training in Christian religion/spirituality and theology accompanied training in professional psychology. In the interim, our culture, psychological knowledge, perceived psychological needs, and training programs have changed greatly. Here we report changes in religion/spirituality (RIS) training and integration over the last two decades. We describe our current spiritual formation structure and process, and program evaluation efforts. Over the past several years the GSCP …
Saving Students: European Student Relief In The Aftermath Of World War I, Benjamin L. Hartley
Saving Students: European Student Relief In The Aftermath Of World War I, Benjamin L. Hartley
Faculty Publications - George Fox School of Theology
The World’s Student Christian Federation established the European Student Relief (ESR) organization in 1920 in order to respond to the refugee and hunger crises emerging in the wake of World War I in Europe. Although nearly forgotten today, it was the first truly international ecumenical relief agency in the world. This article tells the story of ESR in reference to its efforts at building interorganizational coalitions and as a force for “internationalism.” The ESR’s story is instructive as the world marks the hundredth anniversary of the end of World War I and is once again confronted with refugee crises.
Why Mowing The Lawn Can Be Complicated (Chapter 6 From Worthy: Finding Yourself In A World Expecting Someone Else), Melanie Springer Mock
Why Mowing The Lawn Can Be Complicated (Chapter 6 From Worthy: Finding Yourself In A World Expecting Someone Else), Melanie Springer Mock
Faculty Publications - Department of English
In Worthy, college professor Melanie Springer Mock sifts through the shape and weight of expectations that press Christians into cultural molds rather than God's image. By plumbing Scripture and critiquing the ten-billion-dollar-a-year self-improvement industry, Mock offers life-giving reminders that we are fearfully and wonderfully made. Set free from the anxiety to conform to others' expectations, we are liberated to become who God has created us to be. If you're worn out from worrying that you've missed God's One Big Calling, and if you're tired of trying to fit yourself into some cookie-cutter Christian mold, step away from the expectations and …
The Rise Of Latino Protestants, Aida Isela Ramos
The Rise Of Latino Protestants, Aida Isela Ramos
Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies
Excerpt: "During one of my first visits to a church in San Antonio for the Latino Protestant Congregations Project, the pastor invited a church member to speak about his experience in a federal immigration detention center. An elderly gentleman rose from his seat with a Bible tucked under his arm. For the next hour, this man, a Salvadoran undocumented immigrant, told his story."
Against The Stream, How Karl Barth Reframed Church-State Relations (Chapter 3 Of Keine Gewalt! No Violence!), Roger J. Newell
Against The Stream, How Karl Barth Reframed Church-State Relations (Chapter 3 Of Keine Gewalt! No Violence!), Roger J. Newell
Faculty Publications - George Fox School of Theology
Excerpt: "Defenders of the Barmen Declaration's apolitical tone remind us that it was never intended to establish a program of political protest, that Karl Barth and the others were pastors not politicians; that the goal was to reassert the integrity of the gospel in the face of the attempted subversion by the German Christians. On the one hand, the soundness of this interpretation is self-evident. And yet it should surprise no one that an apolitical strategy would have little political impact on the German state. It is also true that Barth's views on church and state relations changed after Barmen; …
Whose Rebellion? Reformed Resistance Theory In America: Part I, Sarah Morgan Smith, Mark Hall
Whose Rebellion? Reformed Resistance Theory In America: Part I, Sarah Morgan Smith, Mark Hall
Faculty Publications - Department of History and Politics
Students of the American Founding routinely assert that America's civic leaders were influenced by secular Lockean political ideas, especially on the question of resistance to tyrannical authority. Yet virtually every political idea usually attributed to John Locke was alive and well among Reformed political thinkers decades before Locke wrote the Second Treatise. In this two-part essay, we trace just one element of the Reformed political tradition: the question of who may actively and justly resist a tyrant. We focus on the American experience but begin our discussion by considering the early Reformers.
Engaging Lbgtq Issues: It’S Still Complicated, Gary F. Sehorn Dr.
Engaging Lbgtq Issues: It’S Still Complicated, Gary F. Sehorn Dr.
Faculty Publications - College of Education
Public school administrators deal with a range of culture war conflicts on a regular basis, and LBGTQ issues are particularly challenging. When I joined my Christian university’s faculty after a long career working as an Evangelical administrator in public schools, I looked forward to shifting from experiencing these conflicts as a public school administrator to equipping others to handle them. Instead, the challenges have become even more complicated.
How To Handle Face-Saving In The Chinese Church Through Servant-Leadership, Jiying Song
How To Handle Face-Saving In The Chinese Church Through Servant-Leadership, Jiying Song
Faculty Publications - Department of Professional Studies
Excerpt: "Leaders unknowingly functioning out of face-saving, the tendency to try to protect ones standing or reputation or to avoid losing some aspect of these, have a negative impact on organizational leadership. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how leaders can mitigate the negative influence of face-saving through servant-leadership in the Chinese church setting."
Latino Protestants And Their Political And Social Engagement (Chapter Six Of Latino Protestants In America: Growing And Diverse), Mark T. Mulder, Aida I. Ramos, Gerardo Marti
Latino Protestants And Their Political And Social Engagement (Chapter Six Of Latino Protestants In America: Growing And Diverse), Mark T. Mulder, Aida I. Ramos, Gerardo Marti
Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies
Excerpt: "On a rainy early spring morning in a modest brick Presbyterian church just outside the Fruitvale neighborhood of Oakland, California, sixtyfour worshippers gather. The entire worship is in Spanish. During the sermon, the pastor makes a passing reference to how few of the attenders now live in Oakland proper, that many have to drive farther than ever for church services. The implicit message: the leadership of the church realizes that gentrification of San Francisco has spilled over the Bay Bridge and now threatens the availability of affordable housing throughout Oakland. In response, the congregation has started programs that offer …
Perceiving The Cultural Sea That Is Our Home - Spiritual Formation And Western 21st Century Culture, Lisa Graham Mcminn
Perceiving The Cultural Sea That Is Our Home - Spiritual Formation And Western 21st Century Culture, Lisa Graham Mcminn
Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies
Spiritual formation occurs in the routines of daily living. We are formed by choices made at the grocery store, as we reach for our medicine cabinet, as we consider whether to drive ten minutes or walk thirty. Such seemingly insignificant choices reflect assumptions held about who we are, and how we are supposed to live in the world. Spiritual formation, like notions of civic duty, develops from within a cultural context. Cultural environments give us largely unquestioned taken-for- granted assumptions about how the world is and how we should live in it. This essay explores three of the many Western …
The Contexts Of Conversion Among U.S. Latinos, Aida I. Ramos, Robert D. Woodberry, Christopher G. Ellison
The Contexts Of Conversion Among U.S. Latinos, Aida I. Ramos, Robert D. Woodberry, Christopher G. Ellison
Faculty Publications - Department of World Languages, Sociology & Cultural Studies
The growth of Protestantism among U.S. Latinos has been the focus of considerable discussion among researchers. Yet few studies investigate how Latino Protestants and Latino Catholics differ, or which types of Latinos convert from Catholicism to Protestantism. Our study tests various theories about why some Latinos convert including a modified version of the semi-involuntary thesis, the national origin hypothesis, and assimilation theory. We use data from a large national sample of U.S. Latinos and find some support for assimilation theory and less for the semi-involuntary thesis. However, context matters. If we divide Latinos into national origin groups, these groups strongly …
Introduction To The Science Of Virtue, Why Positive Psychology Matters To The Church, Mark R. Mcminn
Introduction To The Science Of Virtue, Why Positive Psychology Matters To The Church, Mark R. Mcminn
Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program
My students look at me funny when I mention 1980, as if we are studying ancient history. It doesn’t seem that long ago to me, but most of them were ten years shy of being born. Mount St. Helens erupted that year, gifting my classmates and me with an inch of ash for our college graduation day in Portland, Oregon. Rubik’s Cube captured the world’s attention and more of my free time than I care to admit. And a concerned couple at my church approached my wife, Lisa, and me a few weeks before we packed our U-Haul for graduate …
Wisdom, Chapter 1 Of The Science Of Virtue: Why Positive Psychology Matters To The Church, Mark R. Mcminn
Wisdom, Chapter 1 Of The Science Of Virtue: Why Positive Psychology Matters To The Church, Mark R. Mcminn
Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program
The day before I started this chapter I played flag football with some of my doctoral students. Though I am thirty years their senior, I tried my best to keep up for three hours of great fun. Today my sore muscles scream any time I try to move. My wife, Lisa, would say they are reprimanding me for my foolishness. Typing on the keyboard is about the only motion that doesn’t hurt. It seems both fitting and paradoxical to begin writing about wisdom the morning after punishing my body in the name of a good time. Hopefully I haven’t just …