Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project Annual Report, 2012-2013, Michael Nassaney

Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project

The Fort St. Joseph Archaeological Project continued to maintain its high standards in research, teaching, and public outreach in the examination of the fur trade and colonialism in southwest Michigan under the auspices of the Fort St. Joseph Archaeology Advisory Committee. Over the past year (September 1, 2012 through August 31, 2013) Western Michigan University (WMU) students and faculty, along with interested stakeholders and community volunteers, collaborated in both the archaeological investigation of Fort St. Joseph as well as the dissemination of information to an expanding audience. The highlights of the past year include:

• The newly released DVD, "Militia Muster,” …

Jewish Genetic Origins In The Context Of Past Historical And Anthropological Inquiries, John M. Efron

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The contemporary study of Jewish genetics has a long prehistory dating back to the eighteenth century. Prior to the era of genetics studies of the physical makeup of Jews were undertaken by comparative anatomists and physical anthropologists. In the nineteenth century the field was referred to as “race science.” Believed by many race scientists to be a homogeneous and pure race, Jews occupied a central position in the discourse of race science because they were seen as the control group par excellence to determine the relative primacy of nature or nurture in the development of racial characteristics. In the nineteenth …

Can Organizations Learn? Exploring A Shift From Conflict To Collaboration, Nelly Robles García, John G. Corbett

Public Administration Faculty Publications and Presentations

This paper explores organizational learning in Mexico’s National Institute of Anthropology and History (hereafter INAH, its acronym in Spanish). INAH’s responsibility is to support research, analysis, protection, and dissemination of the country’s archaeological and anthropological heritage; it manages cultural but not natural resources.

From Generation To Generation: The Genetics Of Jewish Populations, Noah A. Rosenberg, Steven P. Weitzman

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

Introduction:

This year marks the 35th anniversary of two noteworthy papers—one in this journal and the other in the American Journal of Human Genetics—posing the same famous question: are the different Jewish populations from around Europe, the Middle East, and North Africa more genetically similar to each other, or are they more similar to the local non-­‐Jewish populations in the regions where they were historically located? Both studies gathered blood-­‐group and protein variation data from a variety of Jewish and non-­‐Jewish populations, compiling significant “classical marker” data sets commensurate with the standard for human population-­‐ genetic studies at the time. …

Genetics And The History Of The Samaritans: Y-Chromosomal Microsatellites And Genetic Affinity Between Samaritans And Cohanim, Peter J. Oefner, Georg Hõlzl, Peidong Shen, Isaac Shpirer, Dov Gefel, Tal Lavi, Eilon Wolf, Jonathan Cohen, Cengiz Cinnioglu, Peter A. Underhill, Noah A. Rosenberg, Jochen Hochrein, Julie M. Granka, Jossi Hillel, Marcus W. Feldman

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The Samaritans are a group of some 750 indigenous Middle Eastern people, about half of whom live in Holon, a suburb of Tel Aviv, and the other half near Nablus. The Samaritan population is believed to have numbered more than a million in late Roman times, but less than 150 in 1917. The ancestry of the Samaritans has been subject to controversy from late Biblical times to the present. In this study, liquid chromatographyelectrospray ionization quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometry was used to allelotype 13 Y-chromosomal and 15 autosomal microsatellites in a sample of 12 Samaritans chosen to have as …

No Evidence From Genome-Wide Data Of A Khazar Origin For The Ashkenazi Jews, Doron M. Behar, Mait Metspalu, Yael Baran, Naama M. Kopelman, Bayazit Yunusbayev, Ariella Gladstein, Shay Tzur, Havhannes Sahakyan, Ardeshir Bahmanimehr, Levon Yepiskoposyan, Kristiina Tambets, Elza K. Khusnutdinova, Aljona Kusniarevich, Oleg Balanovsky, Elena Balanovsky, Lejla Kovacevic, Damir Marjanovic, Evelin Mihailov, Anastasia Kouvatsi, Costas Traintaphyllidis, Roy J. King, Ornella Semino, Antonio Torroni, Michael F. Hammer, Ene Metspalu, Karl Skorecki, Saharon Rosset, Eran Halperin, Richard Villems, Noah A. Rosenberg

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

The origin and history of the Ashkenazi Jewish population have long been of great interest, and advances in high-throughput genetic analysis have recently provided a new approach for investigating these topics. We and others have argued on the basis of genome-wide data that the Ashkenazi Jewish population derives its ancestry from a combination of sources tracing to both Europe and the Middle East. It has been claimed, however, through a reanalysis of some of our data, that a large part of the ancestry of the Ashkenazi population originates with the Khazars, a Turkic-speaking group that lived to the north of …

Genetics And The Archaeology Of Ancient Israel, Aaron J. Brody, Roy J. King

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

This paper is a call for DNA testing on ancient skeletal materials from the southern Levant to begin to database genetic information of the inhabitants of this crossroads region. Archaeologists and biblical historians view the earliest presence in the region of a group that called itself Israel in the Iron I period, traditionally dated to ca. 1200-1000 BCE. These were in villages in the varied hill countries of the region, contemporary with urban settlements in the coastal plains, inland valleys, and central Hill Country attributed to varied indigenous groups collectively called Canaanite. The remnants of Egyptian imperial presence in the …

Prehispanic Use Of Chili Peppers In Chiapas, Mexico, Terry G. Powis, Emiliano Gallaga Murrieta, Richard Lesure, Roberto Lopez Bravo, Louis Grivetti, Heidi Kucera, Nilesh W. Gaikwad

Faculty and Research Publications

The genus Capsicum is New World in origin and represents a complex of a wide variety of both wild and domesticated taxa. Peppers or fruits of Capsicum species rarely have been identified in the paleoethnobotanical record in either Meso- or South America. We report here confirmation of Capsicum sp. residues from pottery samples excavated at Chiapa de Corzo in southern Mexico dated from Middle to Late Preclassic periods (400 BCE to 300 CE). Residues from 13 different pottery types were collected and extracted using standard techniques. Presence of Capsicum was confirmed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC)/MS-MS Analysis. Five pottery types …

Hypobaric Chamber Test Of Pacific Spaceflight Pressure Garment Mark I At Copenhagen University Hospital, Cameron M. Smith

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Pacific Spaceflight's first proof-of concept pressure garment, the Mark I (model Gagarin), was worn by a test subject in a pressure chamber to test stable maintenance of blood oxygenation, body temperature and suit pressure. While breathing normal air at a simulated altitude of 4,000m (c.13,000ft) the test subject's blood oxygenation was 90%, a figure expected for an altitude of 2,590m (8,500ft). The test subject's blood oxygenation climbed back to normal (96%-95%) as the hypobaric chamber was repressurized to sea level figures. The garment successfully maintained the test subject in the first half of the Blood Oxygenation Disassociation Range of …

Review Of High Altitude Aviation Preoxygenation / Denitrogenization Procedures And Draft Pressure Schedule For Open-Cockpit Balloon Flight To 65,000 Feet, Cameron M. Smith

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

Aviation Decompression Sickness (DCS) is a well-known and well documented phenomenon in which a spectrum of physiological and cognitive symptoms result from aircrew exposures to altitudes greater than roughly 10,000 feet, where atmospheric pressures and the partial pressure of oxygen are significantly lower than the mean pressures in which the human body has evolved. The main factors involved in the likelihood of DCS are (a) exposure altitude, (b) exposure time at altitude, (c) preoxygenation / denitrogenization duration and procedure and (d) exercise at the exposure altitude. Mitigation of DCS is largely achieved by (a) preoxygenation / denitrogenization before flight, (b) …

Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Early Human Settlement Of The High-Altitude Pucuncho Basin, Southern Peruvian Andes, Daniel H. Sandweiss, Kurt Rademaker

University of Maine Office of Research Administration: Grant Reports

Under the direction of Dr. Daniel Sandweiss, Mr. Kurt Rademaker will collect data for his doctoral dissertation research. His project focuses on determining the timing of early human occupation in the Andes Mountains. Human settlement of Earth's high-altitude mountains and plateaus is among the most recent of our species' bio-geographic expansions. Current anthropological models emphasize the physiographic and biological challenges inherent to these extreme environments to explain a lack of pre-11,000 year-old archaeological evidence above 3500 m elevation in the Andes and on the high Tibetan Plateau. However few archaeological studies targeting hunter-gatherer sites have been conducted in these areas. …

Bulletin Of The Massachusetts Archaeological Society, Vol. 74, No. 2, Massachusetts Archaeological Society

Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society

• Editor's Note (Curtiss Hoffman)
• Perry’s Shell Heap, North Truro, Massachusetts: New Insights from Old Archaeological Sites (Lucianne Lavin)
• Unpublished Papers on Cape Ann Prehistory (Mary Ellen Lepionka)
• Titicut Mullers (William B. Taylor)
• The Copper Projectile Points of North Plymouth (Bernard Otto)

Desde Basura, Una Cultura: El Sitio Samarina, La Libertad, Ecuador, Alexandra Friedl

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Por tres semanas, rellenas de polvo, sudor y más polvo, yo tuve la oportunidad de investigar la arqueología de la Península de Santa Elena y más específicamente, la cultura Guangala (500 a.C. – 800 d.C.) a través de la excavación del sitio Samarina (OGSE-46).1 El sitio Samarina está en el cantón de La Libertad en la provincia de Santa Elena en la costa suroeste de Ecuador (Figura 1). El proyecto empezó en el 2006 y continúa hasta hoy bajo el control de la Universidad Estatal Península de Santa Elena (UPSE). La península de Santa Elena tiene un expediente arqueológico que …

Late Holocene Tsunami Deposits At Salt Creek, Washington, Usa, Ian Hutchinson, Curt D. Peterson, Sarah L. Sterling

Anthropology Faculty Publications and Presentations

We interpret two thin sand layers in the estuarine marsh at Salt Creek, on the southern shore of the Strait of Juan de Fuca, as the products of tsunamis propagated by earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone. The sand layers extend for about 60 m along the left bank of the creek about 800 m from the mouth, and can be traced to the base of a nearby upland area. One layer is exposed in the creek bank about 400 m further upstream, but they are only patchily distributed in the rest of the central area of the marsh. Both …

Intermittence For Humans Spreading 45,000 Years Ago: From Eurasia To The Americas, J. C. Flores

Human Biology Open Access Pre-Prints

From northeastern-Eurasia to the Americas, a three stage spread of Modern Humans is considered through large scale intermittence (exploitation/relocation). Conceptually, this work supports intermittence as a real strategy for colonization of new habitats. For the northeastern Eurasia travel, the first stage, we adapt our model to archaeological dates determining the diffusion coefficient (exploitation phase) as D=299.44 [km²/yr] and the velocity parameter (relocation phase) as v_o=4.8944 [km/yr]. The relative phaseweight (≈ 0.46), between both kind of motions, is consistent with a moderate biological population rate (r'≈ 0.0046 [1/yrs]). The second stage is related to population …

The Mayaarch3d Project: A 3d Webgis For Analyzing Ancient Architecture And Landscapes, Jennifer Von Schwerin, Heather Richards-Rissetto, Fabio Remondino, Giorgio Agugario, Gabrio Girardi

Department of Anthropology: Faculty Publications

There is a need in the humanities for a 3D WebGIS with analytical tools that allow researchers to analyze 3D models linked to spatially referenced data. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) allow for complex spatial analysis of 2.5D data. For example, they offer bird’s eye views of landscapes with extruded building footprints, but one cannot ‘get on the ground’ and interact with true 3D models from a pedestrian perspective. Meanwhile, 3D models and virtual environments visualize data in 3D space, but analytical tools are simple rotation or lighting effects. The MayaArch3D Project is developing a 3D WebGIS—called QueryArch3D—to allow these two …

24-Archaeological Investigations: Liberty Hyde Bailey Museum Site, Stephen A. Damm, Louann Wurst, Department Of Anthropology

Archaeological Reports

This report documents an archaeological investigation conducted on the property of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Museum (LHBM) in South Haven, Van Buren County, MI, which was given the site number 20VA78. The homestead is the birthplace and childhood home of Dr. Liberty Hyde Bailey, Jr. (1858-1954), a naturalist, farmer, and Professor of Horticulture at Cornell University who gained prominence as a pioneer of the progressive farming movement in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

In the spring of 2012, John Stempien, then Director of the Liberty Hyde Bailey Museum, contacted Dr. LouAnn Wurst of Western Michigan University to request …

An Historical Archaeological Investigation Of The Indianola Prisoner Of War Camp In Southwestern Nebraska, Allison Marie Young

Anthropology Department: Theses

Second World War military operations resulted in the capture of thousands of prisoners of war. This led to the creation of internment facilities by both the Axis and the Allies. Archaeologists have begun to examine these facilities. The United States government established a POW program with numerous camps all over the country. This study provides the results of historical archaeological research at the Indianola prisoner of war camp in southwestern Nebraska. A goal of this research is to determine if the archaeological record reflects adherence to the Geneva Convention of 1929. The investigation included archival research and archaeological fieldwork with …

2008 Field Excavation Final Report Acosta-Durst-Taylor House, Leslie G. Cecil

Faculty Publications

The Acosta-Durst-Taylor site (now known as the Durst-Taylor House) is known as one of the earliest occupations in Nacogdoches, TX. The property fronts North Street and is just to the north of Hospital Street (Figure 1). Much of the history of this plot of land and accompanying house, out structures, and other buildings associated with this land is described thoroughly in the site’s National Register of Historic Places nomination form (United States Department of the Interior 2003). What follows is a brief synopsis of the changing landscape of site 41NA182.

Pvc-Cat-053-Ca-002-001-Fwo, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Cat-053-Ca-032-001-Fwo, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Cat-053-Ca-035-001-Fwo, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Cat-053-Cf-001-001-Fwo, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Cat-053-Cl-013-001-Mte, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Cat-053-Ca-024-001-Mte, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

July 1827 Penobscot Letter, Pauleena Macdougall

Sample Letters

This is a letter written in the Penobscot Language in July of 1827. Does not have a translation.

Pvc-Lot-054-Cr-003, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-054-Cr-002, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-054-Co-003, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.

Pvc-Lot-054-Cp-001, Edward Schortman

Four Valleys Archive

No abstract provided.