Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Faunal Resources, Butchering Patterns, And Seasonality At The Eastman Rockshelter (40sl34): An Interpretation Of Function, Bruce Louis Manzano

Masters Theses

This study presents a model on the role the Eastman Rockshelter (40SL34) played in settlement-subsistence systems of prehistoric human groups who once occupied northeastern Tennessee. Expectations generated from the model are tested through the analysis of a faunal sample recovered from the shelter. These remains date from the Late Archaic to Mississippian time periods. The fauna is well preserved and represents a variety of species including the first archaeological occurrence of an extinct fish, the harelip sucker.

The model assumes a shift in shelter use from earlier residentially mobile hunter/gatherer groups to its later use by task force hunting groups. …

An Ethnographic Study Of Punk Rock In Western Michigan: Identity In A Youth Subculture, Robert P. Pomeroy

Masters Theses

This thesis presents an ethnosemantic analysis of the punk rock subculture of western Michigan. Assertion of personal identity is demonstrated to be the underlying principle which organizes punk terminology for their music, cultural environment, and members of the subcultures. An analysis of punk song lyrics, visual style, and verbal style demonstrates that this assertion of identity is accomplished through opposition to the dominant American culture. Punk rock can then be understood as a subculture of cultural rebellion which allows its members to assert their individuality through violation of culturally accepted aesthetic values.

Peyote And Peyotism, Brian P. Akers

Masters Theses

The purpose of this study is to provide a general comparative discussion of the native use of peyote, past and present.

Historic sources and ethnographic accounts are reviewed in light of relevant botanical, pharmacological, and ethnological considerations.

The Cultural Significance Of Religious Festivals Of Seville: Holy Week And The Romeria Of Rocio, Brent Metz

Honors Theses

This project began long before I traveled to Spain. With the guidance of Dr. Smith, I wrote preliminary questionnaires and learned research methods and interviewing techniques in the fall, 1985. He also assisted me in writing a research proposal for the Waldo-Sangren Scholarship, and this award made my trip to Spain possible. In addition, I collected books and other information from Western's Waldo Library and from professors and friends who had previously been in Spain. Although I later modified my questionnaires and changed my conception of religious festivals in Seville, my preparation last fall was critical in orienting myself to …

Surface Artifact Assemblage Variability: A Consideration Of The Natural Factors Influencing Artifact Recovery, William B. Turner

Masters Theses

The purpose of this research was to examine the effects of naturally occurring variables on surface artifact recovery. This was accomplished by isolating and reviewing pertinent variables, which are rainfall and soil factors. Information from this review was incorporated into an experiment designed to measure the effects of rainfall on artifact exposure and recovery. The results from the surface recovery experiment were used to form baseline data that allowed meaningful interpretation of three additional plowzone data recovery exercises. These were (1) artifact detection by shovel test, (2) prediction of surface density from plowzone excavation data, and (3) reliability of surface …

After The Sixties: Anthropology In Sixth Grade Social Studies Textbooks, Christine Skei Rossi

Dissertations and Theses

During the 1960s, anthropology was an important part of the social studies curriculum. This study explores the question of whether twenty years later, anthropology is still an important part of primary and secondary school curricula and textbooks. To answer that question, the author used content analysis to analyze 13 sixth grade social studies textbooks for their anthropological content. Results of the research indicate that there is very little anthropology in the texts, the same topics and concepts are covered in most of them, and that most of the anthropological material is narrative or descriptive in form rather than theoretical. The …

Stability And Change In Aboriginal Settlement Within The Lower Little Tennessee River Valley, Roland Parker Stephen Davis

Doctoral Dissertations

Aboriginal settlement systems within the lower Little Tennessee River valley in southeast Tennessee are studied through analyses of archaeological data regarding regional land use patterns, the spatial distributions of settlements, and intrasite structure. These data derive from intensive archaeological survey, regional probabilistic sampling, and excavation, conducted by The University of Tennessee between 1967 and 1981. Analyses of settlement data, representing over 12,000 years of occupation, are preceded by the definition of a settlement typology, an evaluation of the spatial structure of environmental resources, and the development of chronological models of artifact variability for recognizing temporally specific site occupations. Regional land …

An Analysis And Interpretation Of The Faunal Remains From Eight Late Middle Woodland Owl Hollow Phase Sites In Coffee, Franklin And Bedford Counties, Tennessee, Neil D. Robison

Doctoral Dissertations

The faunal remains examined for this study were from eight late Middle Woodland Owl Hollow phase sites situated on the upper Duck and Elk rivers, or their tributaries in Tennessee. Three of these sites (40CF108, 40CF111, and 40CF32) were located on the Duck River within the Normandy Reservoir; their excavations were sponsored by the Tennessee Valley Authority. Test excavation at the other five sites (40BD46, 40BD55, 40FR7, 40FR45 and 40CF214) were conducted as part of the Owl Hollow Archaeological Project, which was funded through a National Science Foundation grant. The results of the faunal analyses are first presented individually for …

Middle And Late Woodland Settlements In Selected Areas Of The Midsouth: A View From The Middle Duck River Drainage In Maury County, Tennessee, Charles Bentz Jr.

Masters Theses

Archaeological remains in the Middle Duck River Drainage of Middle Tennessee and other selected areas of the Midsouth offer the opportunity to study human adaptation in Middle and Late Woodland cultures. The basic attributes of such an adaptive system are the elements of technology, subsistence economy, and settlement patterns with other ancillary attributes consisting of mortuary activities, ceremonialism, and interregional exchange.

During the early Middle Woodland in the Midsouth semipermanent villages were established in the main river valley and adjacent uplands. In late Middle Woodland and Late Woodland times, these villages became larger and more intensively occupied in many areas. …

The Brainerd Mill And The Tellico Mills: The Development Of Water-Milling In The East Tennessee Valley, Loretta Ettien Lautzenheiser

Masters Theses

This study documents the archaeological and historical investigations of four water-powered mills in the eastern Tennessee Valley. This study points out the value of both archaeological and archival material to obtain a fuller picture of the function of these mills, and of their economic and social roles.

A review of the development of water power technology is included in this study. A knowledge of this technology is necessary to help in the formulation of clear research designs when investigating water powered mills.

The recovery of a large amount of power-transmission related artifacts helps to develop a clearer picture of milling …

Allometric Variation Of The Postcranial Skeleton In Two South American Tamarins Saguinus Oedipus Oedipus And Saguinus Fuscicollis Illigeri (Callitrichidae, Primates), Anthony B. Falsetti

Masters Theses

This research examines several aspects of allometry in the postcranial skeleton of two South American tamarins Saguinus oedipus oedipus and Saguinus fuscicollis illigeri. The statistical method used for analyzing these groups is reduced major axis regression. Bivariate plots are used to qualitatively evaluate group differences, particularly in regard to differing locomotor behavior. The allometric variation in the postcrania of these two species is described. Finally, allometric comparisons between these groups are made.

Heterochronic terminology is used to describe the allometric patterning. The most important result of this study is that geometric similarity was determined to exist between the groups. …

Variation In Tibial Morphology Of Three Arikara Skeletal Populations, William R. Crumbley

Masters Theses

The tibiae of the Arikara, a Northern South Dakota Plains Indian group, are analyzed to establish the biological affinities. The sample size is 232 tibiae representing 153 individuals. Three archaeological sites from the vicinity of Mobridge, South Dakota are represented, and they date between A.D. 1600-1832. Both univariate and multivariate statistical analyses are used to analyze the data.

The results indicate that intragroup variation follows a uniform pattern allowing the identification of common elements of tibial morphology. Age-related changes occur in several variables for the Larson group for which two ex-explanations are offered for consideration. No side differences occur in …

Comparative Odontometric Scaling In Two South American Tamarin Species: Saguinus Oedipus Oedipus And Saguinus Fuscicollis Illigeri (Callitrichinae, Cebidae), Theodore M. Cole Iii

Masters Theses

Tamarins (Genus Saguinus) are small-bodied, arboreal monkeys found in the jungles and rain forests of South America. They belong to the subfamily Callitrichinae, and differ morphologically from other South American monkeys (belonging to the subfamily Cebinae) in a number of respects. The phylogenetic status of the Callitrichinae, relative to the Cebinae, has been the subject of much recent debate.

Previous research involving tamarins has involved a number of a priori assumptions and generalizations. There is a tendency to regard the tamarins as morphologically, behaviorally, and ecologically homogenous. A recent increase in the frequency and quality of studies involving tamarins has …

Archaeological Investigations Of Hayes Shelter (40ml143) And Archaic Period Lithic Technology In The Central Duck River Basin, Tennessee, Joseph M. Herbert

Masters Theses

Hayes Shelter (40ML143) is a small rockshelter site located on the Duck River in Middle Tennessee. Archaeological investigations were conducted at the site during the summers of 1982 and 1983 by the University of Tennessee Department of Anthropology as part of the Columbia Archaeological Project. This thesis presents the results of these investigations and compares the lithic assemblages from Hayes Shelter with those recovered from seven additional sheltered sites and eight open sites in or near the Central Duck River Basin.

By comparing the lithic assemblages from these 16 sites, information was gained on patterns of variability in the distribution …

Political Power And Political Organization Comanche Politics, 1786-1875, Thomas Whitney Kavanagh

Anthropology ETDs

For almost one hundred years, anthropological interest in Plains Indian political organization has been focused by the adaptation -- persistence debate. It has been suggested that certain aspects of the plains cultures were adaptations to the exigencies of plains life, but since most of the historic period plains peoples were recent immigrants to the plains, other aspects can be explained by reference to persistent "cultural baggage" brought with them from their former homes. In relation to this paradigm, the Comanche are problematic. They are said to lack several political institutions common to the "typical plains." Several problems, both methodological and …

Prehistoric Firewood Exploitation: A Case Study From The Carolinian Biotic Province, David Gordon De Fant

Masters Theses

A case study approach is applied to the problem of prehistoric firewood selection and utilization within a heterogeneous woodland environment. Prefaced by an indepth survey of theoretical and methodological approaches relevant to understanding resource exploitation, a wood charcoal analysis of the Schwerdt site (20AE127) is presented. This analysis is then discussed in regard to environmental, preservational, and functional contexts. It is suggested that this wood charcoal assemblage represents a subtle yet pervasive pattern of firewood selectivity operating within the overt bounds of expedient procurement.

New Directions Within Applied Anthropology, Eleanor Mary Dominek

Masters Theses

This study explores the relationship between applied anthropological research and traditional anthropological research in terms of structural and methodological differences. The methods and techniques of Social Impact Assessment, as practiced in North America, and of international development anthropology are also compared. It is found that different kinds of applied anthropology modify methods and techniques (a) to meet the specific needs of supporting research institutions, (b) in response to the unique nature of individual applied problems, and (c) in order to create a type of research product which is very different from that of basic research.

An Analysis Of The Lithic Raw Materials And Diagnostic Projectile Points From The Settlement Pattern Survey Project In The Lower Kalamazoo River Valley, Amy L. Campbell

Masters Theses

This analysis was carried out on lithic materials collected during the three years of the Settlement Pattern Survey in the Lower Kalamazoo River valley, 1978-1980. The objectives of the study were to provide a firm temporal sequence for the prehistory of the area based on diagnostic projectile point styles, and to assess the dynamics of interregional contact via the identification of chert types from distant source areas. The sample of projectile points provided evidence of human occupation of the Lower Kalamazoo River valley from Paleoindian through Late Woodland times, most notably new evidence for significant occupation in the Early Archaic …

A Statistical Analysis Of The Lithic Material From The Zemaitis Site (200t68), Ottawa County, Michigan, Michael L. Murphy

Masters Theses

An analysis of the lith ic tools and a representative sample of debitage from the Zemaitis site is presented. The methodology employed in lith ic analysis is described with the goal of comparab ility with other studies. Based upon this comparison i t is suggested that the major occupation of the site was during the Middle Woodland Period and the site appears to have been occupied year-round. Because the Zemaitis site was undisturbed by modern agricultural techniques, special attention is given to the artifact distributions both vertically and horizontally across the site.

With the aid of various statistical models the …

Hunter-Gatherer Mortuary Variability: Toward An Explanatory Model, Jack L. Hofman

Doctoral Dissertations

Information on mortuary practices and mortuary remains is here used to study hunter-gatherer organizational variability. Ethnographic accounts are used to develop expectations about the impact of organizational variation and mobility on mortuary behavior. Archaic burial sites in the Middle South and Midwest are used to archaeologically evaluate some of these ideas. Most archaeological studies of mortuary practices have relied upon gender, age, and status as sufficient elements for explaining mortuary variability. These studies have usually concerned sedentary groups which exhibit fairly stable composition and economies. Many hunger-gatherer groups, however, were not sedentary or organizationally stable. Therefore, I argue that some …

The Role Of Thermal Alteration In Lithic Reduction Strategies At The Leftwich Site In Middle Tennessee, Audrey L. Grubb

Masters Theses

Research in 1978, 1980 and 1981 at the Leftwich site (40MU262), located on the Duck River in Maury County, Tennessee revealed stratigraphically separated buried Archaic cultural strata. Radiocarbon dates of 6160 and 4190 to 4130 years before present were associated with Benton and Ledbetter projectile points, respectively. A functional analysis of artifacts from a controlled surface collection and two buried Archaic components at Leftwich is undertaken. Buried Benton and Ledbetter components were stratigraphically separated based on vertical density peaks of lithic artifacts and debitage, as well as pebbles larger than 6 mm in size.

The relationship of thermal alteration to …

The Coptic Orthodox Church, Leila Moukhtar Zaki

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

"They Lie Interred Together": An Analysis Of Gravestones And Burial Pattern In Colonial Tidewater Virginia, Elizabeth Anne Crowell

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Tradition And Transformation In Arab Education: The Challenge For Saudi Arabia, Maha Muhammad Lufti Adeeb Al-Najami

Theses

This thesis focuses on the developments in education in the Arab world .. It begins with a broad historical survey of traditional education in the Middle East. Traditional educational institutions are viewed in the context of the Islamic religious heritage and the various Islamic dynasties which developed throughout the Middle East. Then, the consequences of the Western influence on Arab education are explored. A brief history of Western colonial interests in the Middle East is given focusing on the effects of these colonial interests on the traditional educational programs. The Western impact began the process of modernization in the Arab …

Neutron Activation Analysis And Chemical Inference For The Identification Of Buena Vista Ceramics, Daniel D. Sullivan

Dissertations and Theses

Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis was used for this study of stonewares collected from the site of the Buena Vista/Oregon Pottery Company (1866-1890).

The results show significant chemical signatures in the samples tested. Thorium/ytterbium and thorium/chromium ratios within their respective ranges of variation demonstrate a relative conformity among all samples of Buena Vista ceramics.

Decentralization And Public Participation In Urban Egypt, Joseph J Marino

Archived Theses and Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Funerary Treatment And Social Status: A Case Study Of Colonial Tidewater Virginia, Norman Vardney Mackie

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.