Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

The Influence Of Hierarchy Steepness On Cooperation: A Comparison Between Captive Japanese Macaques And Black-Handed Spider Monkeys, Sean Ryan Draxler

Theses and Dissertations

Non-human primates often live in social groups that form hierarchies, which can be either egalitarian or despotic. Despotic non-human primate groups are characterized by the ability of dominant members to frequently win dyadic conflicts against subordinates, and egalitarian primate groups are characterized by an unclear ranking of dominance. Non-human primates will often cooperate with each other within their social groups. Cooperation can be defined as the sharing of food, grooming, and formation of alliances. In a comparative study between bonobos (Pan paniscus) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), it was suggested that hierarchy steepness is a good predictor of sharing between unrelated …

A Matter Of Suspension: An Experimental Approach To Hammerstone Hafting In Prehistoric Keweenaw Copper Mining, Katherine Trotter

Theses and Dissertations

For thousands of years before European contact, the vast deposits of copper in the Lake Superior Basin were exploited by the indigenous population of the Upper Peninsula of Michigan and surrounding areas. The copper used and traded by the Native Americans in and around the Lake Superior Basin came from mines on Isle Royale and in the Keweenaw Peninsula of Michigan. In the process of mining, a number of tools were utilized, including both grooved and ungrooved hammerstones. Grooved hammerstones are most commonly found in the Keweenaw while ungrooved stones are most commonly found on Isle Royale. Caches of these …

The Canine Surrogacy Approach And Paleobotany: An Analysis Of Wisconsin Oneota Agricultural Production And Risk Management Strategies, Richard Wynn Edwards

Theses and Dissertations

The goal of this research is to investigate the nature of Upper Mississippian subsistence systems (circa AD 1050-1450), to evaluate the role of agriculture, and to understand how these dietary choices are related to risk management systems and the development of cultural complexity in the Midcontinent. The research uses the Koshkonong Locality of southeastern Wisconsin as a case study and compares it to other Upper Mississippian groups throughout Wisconsin and northeastern Illinois, Middle Mississippian groups in Illinois and southeastern Wisconsin, and contemporaneous Late Woodland groups in southeastern Wisconsin.

This study uses two primary lines of evidence; macrobotanical remains and dietary …

Unveiling Recovery: A Discourse Analysis Of Mental Illness Recovery Narratives, Elizabeth Albert

Theses and Dissertations

The discussion of mental illness recovery, both academically and socially, has been framed mainly as a morally necessary medical pursuit and has left shadowed the deeper social and cultural implications of recovery ideologies and practices. Previous research has embraced the growing demand for recovery-based practices in mental health organizations, especially those led by persons labeled mentally ill (or “peers”); however, they have yet to more deeply uncover and understand the subjective meanings of recovery. More specifically, how cultural and social interactions of daily life, while both experiencing and being labeled mentally ill, direct the course and meaning of an individual’s …

A Public Humanity: The Application Of Isotopic Analysis To The Intersection Between Body And Law At The Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery, Shannon Kate Freire

Theses and Dissertations

The Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery is an umbrella term used to describe the four cemeteries that were used by Milwaukee County from 1878 through 1974 for the burial of the indigent, unclaimed, institutionalized, and anatomized. Three of these cemeteries remain undisturbed. The primary focus of this research is the twice-excavated Cemetery II (Wisconsin Burial Site 47BMI0076), in use between 1882 and 1925. Archaeological excavations in 1991-1992 and again in 2013 resulted in the recovery of over 2,400 individuals from this cemetery location.

In Wisconsin, legislative efforts to govern indigent burial and dissection mediated competing aspirations between medical education and …

Nobi Ni-Tse’Tse’Ede (House On The Cold One): Northern Great Basin Archaic Hunter-Gatherer Household Archaeology, Harney County, Oregon, Emily Jane Epstein

Theses and Dissertations

Excavation results from four sites on Tse’tse’ede (The Cold One), which is also commonly known as Steens Mountain, produced archaeological evidence for a prehistoric subsistence and settlement system on the western flank of Tse’tse’ede. Material culture recovered in association with one house, domestic surfaces, and from a high elevation hunting locale provides evidence for human use of the mountain spanning the Archaic. Analysis suggests human occupation of the range intensified post Cal 3000 BP.

The archaeological results were compared against an ethnographically derived model for household and community food security, the basis of settlement and subsistence systems. The model failed …

A Multifactorial Analysis Of Acceptance Of Evolution, Ryan D.P. Dunk, Andrew J. Petto, Jason R. Wiles, Benjamin C. Campbell

Anthropology Faculty Articles

Background: Despite decades of education reform efforts, the percent of the general US population accepting biological evolution as the explanation for the diversity of life has remained relatively unchanged over the past 35 years. Previous work has shown the importance of both educational and non-educational (sociodemographic and psychological) factors on acceptance of evolution, but has often looked at such factors in isolation. Our study is among the first attempts to model quantitatively how the unique influences of evolutionary content knowledge, religiosity, epistemological sophistication, and an understanding of the nature of science collectively predict an individual’s acceptance or rejection of …

'Mother Bring The Henna': Kına Gecesi And Fragmented Imaginations Of The Nation-State, Alexandra Catrina Vieux Frankel

Theses and Dissertations

This research articulates kına gecesi (henna night) as a critical site for the production and reproduction of gendered politics in Turkey. Kına gecesi, as a women’s pre-wedding ritual, is situated at the margins of civil wedding ceremonies, and thereby intersects with wedding’s politicization in pronatalist discourses. Tropes of fertility in this ritual in concert with its proximity to marriage show it to be salient to biological, cultural, and national reproduction. I argue that women’s discourses on kına gecesi engender frangemented imaginations of the nation-state. This notion of fragmentation follows Dipesh Chakrabarty’s understanding of “provincializing” which advocates direct translation of experience …

Production And Technological Change: Ironworking In Prehistoric Ireland, Kevin Garstki

Theses and Dissertations

The introduction of iron into Ireland during the 8th century BCE had profound influences on the organization of society, from economic and political networks to the means by which power and status were negotiated. However, the organization of iron production is still relatively poorly understood. This dissertation seeks to explore how iron technology was organized during the Early Iron Age (c. 800 – 400 BCE) and Developed Iron Age (c. 400 – 1 BCE) in Ireland, and uses this context to demonstrate that the development of new technologies can be most clearly understood by investigating the archaeological remains of production …

The Saints Peter And Paul Parish And The Milwaukee County Poor Farm: A Comparative Osteological Analysis Between Two Historic Cemeteries In Wisconsin, David Michael Strange

Theses and Dissertations

The constituents of the Saints Peter and Paul Parish of Independence, Wisconsin contracted Commonwealth Heritage Group in 2015 to excavate and analyze 108 individuals located in an unmarked portion of the parish cemetery during a large church renovation project. This thesis is an osteological analysis of the excavated cemetery population, providing an estimated age, sex, and pathological profile of the individuals interred therein. In addition, a comparative analysis is conducted between subadult segments of the Ss. Peter and Paul Parish sample and the Milwaukee County Poor Farm Cemetery located in Wauwatosa, Wisconsin. The parameters of the analysis include the investigation …

The Richter Site (47dr80): A Millennium Of Prehistoric Technological And Cultural Change On Washington Island, Door County, Wisconsin, Michelle M. Birnbaum

Theses and Dissertations

The Richter site (47DR80) was excavated by University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee archaeological field schools during the summers of 1968 and 1973 under the direction of Guy Gibbon and G. Richard Peske. This site was identified by excavators as a North Bay Middle Woodland culture occupation based on Ronald Mason’s typology created from his work at the Mero and Porte des Morts sites on Wisconsin’s Door Peninsula. Although various specialized analyses have focused on aspects of the Richter site material culture, no site report or overall analysis of material culture exists. This study provides the first synthetic account of the UWM excavations …

Shifting Ground: Rethinking Concepts Of Continuity And Change In Late Iron Age And Early Roman Landscapes Of Southern England, Lara Ghisleni

Theses and Dissertations

What kinds of landscapes does the segmentation of space and time by the Late Iron Age/Early Roman transition create, include, and exclude? What continues, changes, and co-exists, and how is the landscape interconnected in the context of these negotiations? This thesis re-conceptualizes continuity and change during the Late Iron Age (100 BCE–CE 43) and Early Roman period (CE 43–CE 150/200) in southern England, exploring how relationships with place and landscape generate the contexts for community formation and transformation. Despite the deconstruction of the traditional acculturation paradigm—Romanization—it has proven difficult to circumvent binary categories of identity and process that relegate continuity …

Cultural Constructions Of Nature: Animal Representation And Use In Early Iron Age Southeastern Slovenia, Adrienne C. Frie

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation investigates the place of animals in the cultural world of Early Iron Age southeastern Slovenia (800-300 BCE) by analyzing animal iconography and faunal remains in archaeological contexts. The central questions are: What types of human-animal relationships characterized Early Iron Age Slovenia, and how were these relationships intertwined with conceptions about animals in local cultural frameworks? I examine the conception of the animal world and its symbolic significance through quantitative and qualitative analyses of animal depictions on artifacts as well as faunal remains from mortuary contexts. The analysis is structured to answer a series of empirical questions that provide …

Melita In Milwaukee: The Milwaukee Public Museum’S Leopardi Collection, Stephan Noureddine Hassam

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

MELITA IN MILWAUKEE:

THE MILWAUKEE PUBLIC MUSEUM’S LEOPARDI COLLECTION

by

Stephan Noureddine Hassam

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2017

Under the Supervision of Professor Bettina Arnold

The Phoenician/Punic occupation of Malta is an important period in the nation’s history. The Phoenicians first settled the Maltese islands sometime in the early to late seventh century B.C., and their material culture left a lasting influence on the island for nearly a millennium. Beginning in the early 1600s, Phoenician material culture began to be recognized as such upon discovery. Following wider trends in the Enlightenment era in Europe, Maltese nobility and clergy began …

Rules Of The House: Strategy, Tactic, And Violence In One World By Night, World Of Darkness, Live-Action Role-Play Games, Laya Liebeseller

Theses and Dissertations

The following thesis focuses on governance of institutionalized play in three World of Darkness live-action role-play (larp) games (ethnographic field work conducted between May and August of 2016), whose players have willingly allowed the international organization of One World by Night – an organization made up of their peers – to unify them in such a way as to create connection, community, and shared story across the world. I analyze four locii within these games (the book, the organization, the storyteller, and the player) using Michel de Certeau’s, The Practice of Everyday Life, translated by Steven Rendall, specifically focusing on …