Social and Behavioral Sciences Commons^™

Forging Identity: Learning About Craft Production And Identity Through The Analysis Of Hand-Made Nails, Linda Zuniga

Anthropology and Sociology Student Research

Nails may not seem exciting. After all, their function is self-evident: nails hold things together. On closer examination, however, nails are quite useful. They can help to determine a site’s chronology, reveal variability in commodity consumption, and reflect the economic activities that occurred in an historic village. Here, I present the analysis of nails from Stoddartsville, a 19th century milling village in northeast Pennsylvania. Different blacksmiths introduce subtle variability into the finished form of a nail, yielding differences in attributes such as nail head length, nail head thickness, and number of head facets. I used these attributes to determine the …

Gaining Insight Into Lithic Technology In Eastern Pennsylvania Through The Study Of An Amateur Collection, Khori Newlander, Linda Zuniga

Anthropology and Sociology Faculty Research

The farm fields of east-central Pennsylvania contain an abundance of artifacts that span much of regional prehistory. Not surprisingly, many of these artifacts have been collected by local amateurs. Here, we analyze an assemblage of projectile points collected from the Kramer Farm in Kutztown, Pennsylvania. We explore how morphometric attributes (e.g., size, shape), indices of retouch, and raw material vary in relation to projectile point type. Our analysis provides insight into projectile point design, lithic resource preferences, technological organization, and land use. Despite the imperfections that often characterize amateur collections and the controversy that surrounds their study, our analysis demonstrates …

Not Just Playing With Toys: Enculturation And Identity In A Historic Village In Northeast Pennsylvania, Amarah Karlick

Anthropology and Sociology Student Research

The archaeology of early industrial communities can yield material evidence of the pervasive, interrelated impacts of industrialization on work and domestic life. Archaeologists and historians investigating industrial communities have increasingly pivoted from a focus on great men and firsts in technological development to the local sociocultural contexts and consequences of industrialization. Here, I use the study of toys from Stoddartsville, a milling village in northeast Pennsylvania, to examine the lived experiences of children during the mid-nineteenth century. I suggest that children learned powerful lessons about identity, especially gender, as they played with toys at Stoddartsville. These lessons cemented the social …

01 Traditional Songs Introduction, William Donner

Sikaiana Traditional Songs

This is an introduction to Sikaiana songs. It includes a discussion of the social cultural context of song composition and singing. There is a discussion of the different features of song production and a list of different song genres. Most of the discussion is concerned with traditional song expression that are part of derived form changes associated with colonialism and modernization.

Saka, Fane Telena, Unknown Sikaiana

Sikaiana Traditional Songs

These are two saka, songs composed for a secret lover (hina) in traditional Sikaiana society. I know that one was collected from Fane Telena, the other I found in my notes.

Tani Various, Sikaiana People

Sikaiana Traditional Songs

These are transcriptions of several tani or funeral dirges. Tani are composed after a person dies. I do not have a record of who gave me the transcriptions, most likely John Kilatu and/or Reuben Tenai. I do not have recordings for these songs.

Puina Songs, Joseph Tealo, Fane Telano

Sikaiana Traditional Songs

The Puina were times when men and women divided into separate groups to secretly compose songs that are critical of the opposite sex. These are song transcriptions given to me by Joseph Tealo and Fane Telena, both are noted composers. They were composed for the 1981 puina.

Mako Hatu Composed Songs, Reuben Tenai, John Kilatu Dr

Sikaiana Traditional Songs

Two traditional composed songs (mako hatu) that I found in my notes, most likely from John Kilatu and/or Reuben Tenai.

003 Tehui Atahu, Oral Legend

Sikaiana Oral Stories

The Story of Tehui Atahu

This is a transcript and translation of 12 pages given to me by Edwin Huilani on Sikaiana, in 1981-2. The story is about the founder hero of Sikaiana, Tehui Atahu. The back page of the manuscript is dated August 1972. Although I do not know the source, the story follows closely the stories that I heard on Sikaiana, although there are several different versions with minor differences. The original and translation should be of interest to Sikaiana people and might be an aid in language preservation.

05 Holau, The Voyage Of Mr. Boe, Mark Etua, Pita Sharples, Priscilla Taulupo, Bill Donner

Sikaiana Oral Stories

This is the story of the last (or one of the last) voyages (holau) from Sikaiana. It was recorded by Mark Etua as part of linguistic research done by Peter Sharples among the Sikaiana. The transcription into the Sikaiana language was done by Priscilla Taulupo and the rough translation by Bill Donner (sorry for any errors).

Traditionally, Sikaiana people were master voyagers, capable of traveling hundreds of kilometers. This voyage was probably conducted in the 1920s by a trader for Lever Brothers in his dinghy when he was short of supplies. He had several Sikaiana people help, including …

04 Taupule, A Woman From Tuvalu, Johnson Siota, Pita Sharples Dr, Priscilla Taulupo, Bill Donner

Sikaiana Oral Stories

This recording was made by Johnson Siota was part of linguistic research conducted by Dr. Pita Sharples among the Sikaiana people of the Solomon Islands n the 1960s. The transcription in Sikaiana is by Priscilla Taulupo and the rough translation is by Bill Donner. The story of Taupule was well known to Sikaiana people during my stays in the 1980s on Sikaiana. She came from the Tuvalu and was dropped off on Sikaiana by a trader during her pregnancy, sometime in the late 1800s. She warned traders that life would change from contact with Europeans. her descendants felt a certain …