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Full-Text Articles in Social and Behavioral Sciences
Protecting Forests Through Farming: A Dynamic Model Of Nontimber Forest Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Herath Gunatileke
Protecting Forests Through Farming: A Dynamic Model Of Nontimber Forest Extraction, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Herath Gunatileke
Ujjayant Chakravorty
Forest resource extraction by local communities has been cited as a major impediment to the efficient management of protected forests. This paper develops a two sector dynamic model for farming and forest resource extraction by communities living in the forest periphery. The model assumes that land under forestry is constant and households allocate their time to farming and forestry. Comparative dynamic results suggest that higher prices for agriculture output, lower input prices, better knowledge of farming techniques and a lower discount rate may result in a higher equilibrium stock of forest resources. Tobit analysis with primary data collected from the …
Efficiency And Technical Change In The Philippine Rice Sector: A Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Analysis, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Chieko Umetsu, Thamana Lekprichakul
Efficiency And Technical Change In The Philippine Rice Sector: A Malmquist Total Factor Productivity Analysis, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Chieko Umetsu, Thamana Lekprichakul
Ujjayant Chakravorty
Regional differences in total factor productivity, efficiency, and technological change in the Philippine rice sector are examined for the post-Green Revolution era. Malmquist productivity indices were constructed for 1971-90 and were decomposed into efficiency and technological change. The average annual Malmquist productivity growth was only slightly positive. Productivity growth was negative during the early 1970s, and was followed by a period of positive growth. Growth was negative again in the late 1980s. The period of positive growth coincided with the introduction of new rice varieties while the declines are likely to have been caused by intensification of rice production in …
Basinwide Water Management: A Spatial Model, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Chieko Umetsu
Basinwide Water Management: A Spatial Model, Ujjayant N. Chakravorty, Chieko Umetsu
Ujjayant Chakravorty
This paper develops a spatial model for a water basin that allows for surface water allocation and reuse of the water that is lost. The analytical solution suggests specialization of production over space—upstream farmers use canal water and downstream farmers pump groundwater that is lost upstream. Groundwater emerges as an endogenous ‘‘backstop’’. The empirical results suggest that when traditional conservation technologies are used, optimization over the entire basin leads to a significant increase in aggregate output, project area and water use. Somewhat counter-intuitively, rents from water decrease if farmers switch from traditional to modern irrigation technology.