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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Relationships Among Toilet Sharing, Water Source Locations, And Handwashing Places Without Observed Soap: A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Richest Households In Bangladesh, Mazbahul G. Ahamad, Mark Burbach, Fahian Tanin Oct 2021

Relationships Among Toilet Sharing, Water Source Locations, And Handwashing Places Without Observed Soap: A Cross-Sectional Study Of The Richest Households In Bangladesh, Mazbahul G. Ahamad, Mark Burbach, Fahian Tanin

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Background: A high percentage of the richest households in Bangladesh lack soap at their handwashing places, a problem that is typically considered to be one of the poor. Objective: We investigated toilet sharing practices, locations of water sources, and relevant sociodemographic factors associated with the observed handwashing places that lack soap in the richest (ninth wealth decile) households in Bangladesh. Methods: We used data from the 2017-18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health (BDHS) Survey. Logistic regression technique was used to investigate how toilet sharing practices, water source locations, and different sociodemographic factors were associated with observed handwashing places without soap. Results: …


Enhancing The Weather: Governance Of Weather Modification Activities Of The United States, Manon Simon Oct 2021

Enhancing The Weather: Governance Of Weather Modification Activities Of The United States, Manon Simon

William & Mary Environmental Law and Policy Review

In the context of climate change, weather modification by cloud seeding, and in particular, precipitation enhancement techniques, has gained a renewed attention from governments. In the United States, several states run weather modification programs to secure freshwater resources and increase both crop and hydroelectricity production. Weather modification techniques were developed post–World War II, and so were the legal arrangements that govern them. Since then, weather modification law has undergone little to no reform. California and Texas are two active users of cloud-seeding technologies but employ very different governance frameworks. This Article assesses the effectiveness of weather modification governance in these …


Safe Yield Comparisons For The 1960’S And 2000’S Drought In The Passaic River Basin, Stephanie R. Santos May 2021

Safe Yield Comparisons For The 1960’S And 2000’S Drought In The Passaic River Basin, Stephanie R. Santos

Dissertations

The Passaic River Basin is a complex system of rivers, tributaries, reservoirs, and some of the largest water purveyors in the State of New Jersey. Located in the northeastern part of the State, it drains approximately 800 square miles of water that is used for distribution to the five major purveyors: North Jersey District Water Supply Commission, Passaic Valley Water Commission, Jersey City, Newark, and New Jersey American Water. These purveyors operate under a safe yield, which is defined by the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (NJDEP) as the amount of water that should be continuously available should the …


The Influence Of Peer Irrigators On The Extensive And Intensive Margin Of Irrigation Techniques, Victoria Bailey May 2021

The Influence Of Peer Irrigators On The Extensive And Intensive Margin Of Irrigation Techniques, Victoria Bailey

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

We examine how irrigation techniques in use by family and friends influence the use and share of land utilizing different irrigation techniques by Arkansas producers. A bivariate sample selection model simultaneously estimates how farm characteristics determine the use and explain the share of a farm that utilizes an irrigation technique. We find that the irrigation techniques in use by family and friends do affect the irrigation techniques a producer uses and the share of acres utilizing different irrigation techniques. A producer with a family or friend that uses end-blocking irrigation is 41% more likely to use end-blocking themselves. Having a …


Simulation Of Ecohydrological Processes Influencing Water Supplies In The Tuul River Watershed Of Mongolia, Javzansuren Norvanchig, Timothy O. Randhir Jan 2021

Simulation Of Ecohydrological Processes Influencing Water Supplies In The Tuul River Watershed Of Mongolia, Javzansuren Norvanchig, Timothy O. Randhir

Environmental Conservation Faculty Publication Series

Achieving sufficient water supplies for multiple uses in the watershed is a major public policy issue. Understanding the current ecohydrologic processes is essential to assess potential impacts on hydrologic regimes. The Tuul River (TR) watershed faces a cold, continental climate with water supply variability. This study aims to simulate watershed processes in the TR watershed and subbasins and analyze the influences of those processes on water resources. Watershed hydrologic processes and their impact on the water resources are modeled using the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). Calibration and validation were conducted using R2, PBIAS, RSR, and NSE to …