Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Study Of The Status And Future Of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage In Power Systems, X Xue, Eric Cheng, Danny Sutanto

Professor Darmawan Sutanto

Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) systems offering flexible, reliable, and fast acting power compensation are applicable to power systems to improve power system stabilities and to advance power qualities. The authors have summarized researches on SMES applications to power systems. Furthermore, various SMES applications to power systems have been described briefly and some crucial schematic diagrams and equations are given. In addition, this study presents valuable suggestions for future studies of SMES applications to power systems. Hence, this paper is helpful for co-researchers who want to know about the status of SMES applications to power systems.

Power System Applications Of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Systems, X D. Xue, Eric Kw Cheng, Danny Sutanto

Professor Darmawan Sutanto

This study overviewed current researches on power system applications of SMES systems. Some key schematic diagrams of applications were given, too. Furthermore, the authors tried to present a few valuable suggestions for future studies of SMES applications to power systems.

Energy Audits In Malta, Trustin Farrugia Cann

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Energy is the driving force of our society. Industry, economy and the general public, all depend on safe, secure, sustainable and affordable energy. But at the same time, energy related emissions account for almost 80% of the European Union’s total green house gas emissions. The European Union has set itself a great challenge and a target was set in 2007 to reduce by 20% of its primary energy consumption, to increase the share of renewable energy by 20% and to reduce the green house gasses by 20% until 2020. Energy auditing is an effective energy management tool which identifies and …

Assessing The Feasibility Of Small Hydropower In Northern California, Andrea Peterson

Masters Theses, 2010-2019

Small hydropower is an underutilized form of clean energy generation. In order for any potential for small hydropower to be developed or utilized, the amount of potential power needs to be estimated accurately. A number of studies have been conducted, though none of these studies have taken local climate into account, which affects the accuracy of their results. A number of places in Northern California have potential that has not yet been utilized, but a more accurate assessment of that potential is called for. Although studies can be conducted through a number of different methodologies, most use GIS technology to …

Optimal Configuration Assessment Of Renewable Energy In Malaysia, Ahmed Haidar, Priscilla John, Mohd Shawal

Dr Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Haidar

This paper proposes the use of a PVewindediesel generator hybrid system in order to determine the optimal configuration of renewable energy in Malaysia and to compare the production cost of solar and wind power with its annual yield relevant to different regions in Malaysia namely, Johor, Sarawak, Penang and Selangor. The configuration of optimal hybrid system is selected based on the best components and sizing with appropriate operating strategy to provide a cheap, efficient, reliable and cost-effective system. The various renewable energy sources and their applicability in terms of cost and performance are analyzed. Moreover, the annual yield and cost …

Smart Control Of Upcq Within Microgrid Energy System, C Benachaiba, Ahmed Haidar, O Habab, O Abdelkhalek

Dr Ahmed Mohamed Ahmed Haidar

One of the most popular issues in the future power distribution is the quality improvement of microgrid and the development of smart grid (SG). Many applications operating at the microgrid level can be considered as smart grid functions. This paper proposes the application of Fuzzy Logic (FL) technique within microgrid energy system based on the most modern power conditioning equipment devices such as Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC). This technique is working together with the microgrid to track the disturbance of the smart grid and improve the quality of the system with a high flexibility. Furthermore, a control methodology developed …

An Energy-Aware Multilevel Clustering Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks, Xinfang Yan, Jiangtao Xi, Joe F. Chicharo, Yanguang Yu

Dr Yanguang Yu

Clustering sensors nodes as the basic of routing is an efficient mechanism for prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the high-efficient multilevel clustering is abstracted as a root tree which has the performances of the minimal relay set and the maximal weight according to graph theory. A mathematical model for the clustering virtual backbone is built. Based on the model, an algorithm called energy-aware multilevel clustering (EAMC) is proposed. The EAMC can reduce the number of relays used for data transmission by minimizing the amount of the nodes in the root tree (that is cluster-head). Furthermore, …

Agenda: The Future Of Natural Resources Policy, University Of Colorado Boulder. Natural Resources Law Center

The Future of Natural Resources Policy (December 6)

This forum will provide a post-election perspective on some of the challenges and opportunities that natural resources, public lands, and energy policymakers in Washington are likely to face in the next four years. An expert panel will discuss the dynamics in the Department of the Interior, the Department of Agriculture, and Congress, and how their evolving policies are likely to affect Colorado in the coming years.

Moderator: Dean Phil Weiser, University of Colorado Law School

Panelists:

Jay Jensen, Associate Director for Land & Water Ecosystems, White House Council on Environmental Quality

Scott Miller, Visiting Assistant Professor, University of Colorado Law …

Background Reading: Department Of The Interior, 2013 Departmental Overview, United States. Department Of The Interior, Ken Salazar

The Future of Natural Resources Policy (December 6)

18 pages (DO-5 through DO-22).

"Background Reading"

The Future of Natural Resources Policy: This forum will provide a post-election perspective on some of the challenges and opportunities that natural resources, public lands, and energy policymakers in Washington are likely to face in the next four years. An expert panel will discuss the dynamics in the Department of the Interior, the Department of Agriculture, and Congress, and how their evolving policies are likely to affect Colorado in the coming years.

Potential Reduction In Energy Use From A High Speed Rail Network In Australia, Philip Laird

Dr Philip Laird

High Speed Rail or HSR with electric passenger trains using steel wheels on steel rails with maximum operating speeds of 250km/h or more is now operational in 12 countries. It is now under review in Australia. The paper considers energy use on the 10 top routes of the Melbourne-Sydney and Sydney-Brisbane corridors and finds that HSR was in place by 2020, HSR could reduce the use of aviation fuel by over 450 million litres each year. External costs and Sydney airport issues are also noted.

Congestion Avoidance Energy Efficient Mac Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks, Alexander Sundling

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Wireless Sensor Network (WSNs) are generally energy-constrained and resource-constrained. When multiple simultaneous events occur in densely deployed WSNs, nodes near the base station can become congested, decreasing the network performance. Additionally, multiple nodes may sense an event leading to spatially-correlated contention, further increasing congestion. In order to mitigate the effects of congestion near the base station, an energy-efficient Media Access Control (MAC) protocol that can handle multiple simultaneous events and spatially-correlated contention is needed. Energy efficiency is important and can be achieved using duty cycles but they could degrade the network performance in terms of latency. Existing protocols either provide …

The Impact Of Advanced Wastewater Treatment Technologies And Wastewater Strength On The Energy Consumption Of Large Wastewater Treatment Plants, Timothy Stephen Newell

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Wastewater treatment is an energy intensive process often requiring the use of advanced treatment technologies. Stricter effluent standards have resulted in an increase in the number of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with advanced treatment over time. Accordingly, associated energy consumption has also increased. Concerns about lowering operating costs for WWTPs and reducing associated greenhouse gas generation present an incentive to investigate energy use in WWTPs. This research investigated the impact of wastewater strength and the introduction of advanced treatment technologies, to replace traditional technologies on energy use to treat wastewater in WWTPs. Major unit processes were designed for a 100 …

Hydrogen Energy Storage For A Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine Generator Based Autonomous Hybrid Power System, Nishad Mendis, Saad Sayeef, Kashem Muttaqi, Sarath Perera

Associate Professor Sarath Perera

The Performance of a novel hybrid Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS) system consisting of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), fuel cell system, electrolyser and synchronous condenser is investigated in this paper. The fuel cell system is used to provide power during under-generation scenarios whereas the electrolyser absorbs excess power during over-generation conditions. A synchronous condenser is incorporated into the RAPS system to provide better reactive power and inertial support. Individual controllers for each system module have been developed and implemented. A control coordination methodology is established with a view to regulate the active and reactive power balance of the …

Control Of Energy Storage Interface With A Bidirectional Converter For Photovoltaic Systems, K.N Hasan, M.E Haque, Michael Negnevitsky, Kashem Muttaqi

Associate Professor Kashem Muttaqi

Efficient energy storage is one of the greatest concerns for renewable power generation. This paper focuses on the control of a battery management system (BMS) for photovoltaic (PV) applications with a high efficiency bidirectional converter. The proposed BMS control strategy utilizes the dc bus power and battery state of charge (SOC) for the charging and discharging of the battery with a bidirectional converter. The bidirectional converter includes fewer components and switches, has less switching losses with zero voltage switching, and has high gain buck-boost operations. A new control algorithm of charging-discharging control for the battery storage system is proposed. The …

Hydrogen Energy Storage For A Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine Generator Based Autonomous Hybrid Power System, Nishad Mendis, Saad Sayeef, Kashem Muttaqi, Sarath Perera

Associate Professor Kashem Muttaqi

The Performance of a novel hybrid Remote Area Power Supply (RAPS) system consisting of a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator (PMSG), fuel cell system, electrolyser and synchronous condenser is investigated in this paper. The fuel cell system is used to provide power during under-generation scenarios whereas the electrolyser absorbs excess power during over-generation conditions. A synchronous condenser is incorporated into the RAPS system to provide better reactive power and inertial support. Individual controllers for each system module have been developed and implemented. A control coordination methodology is established with a view to regulate the active and reactive power balance of the …

A Comparative Study Of Vehicle Drive Performance And Energy Efficiency, S. Abdul Rahman, P. D. Walker, Nong Zhang, Jianguo Zhu, Haiping Du

Dr Haiping Du

In this paper, two types of increasingly more efficient and greener vehicles are analyzed and compared. These vehicles are: a proposed conceptual seriesparallel powertrain, the University of Technology, Sydney plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (UTS PREY); and, a conventional series-parallel hybrid electric vehicle with an internal combustion engine .. The UTS PREY requires only a single electric machine to function as an electric motor or generator in different time intervals controlled by a special energy management strategy. The UTS PREV uses two energy storage devices, the battery and the ultracapacitor, which can work together effectively to maintain the state of charge …

A Novel Anti-Collision Protocol For Energy Efficient Identification And Monitoring In Rfid-Enhanced Wsns, Kwan-Wu Chin, Dheeraj Klair

Associate Professor Kwan-Wu Chin

This paper presents a dynamic framed slotted Aloha (DFSA) protocol that is energy efficient, and more importantly, is the first protocol capable of monitoring tags. Our protocol uses three separate frames: 1) reservation, 2) body, and 3) monitor. The reservation and body frame are used to identify tags, whereas the monitor frame is used to keep track of identified tags. We have performed extensive simulation studies on all three frames, and compared our protocol with existing framed Aloha protocols. From our results, we confirm that our protocol is suitable for use in RFID-enhanced Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs).

A Simulation Study On The Energy Efficiency Of Pure And Slotted Aloha Based Rfid Tag Reading Protocols, Alejandro Ruiz-Rivera, Dheeraj Klair, Kwan-Wu Chin

Associate Professor Kwan-Wu Chin

This paper studies the energy efficiency of twelve Pure and Slotted Aloha tag reading protocol variants via simulation. We compare their energy consumption in three collision resolution phases: 1) success, 2) collision, and 3) idle. Our extensive simulation results show that Pure Aloha with fast mode and muting has the lowest energy consumption, and hence is most suited for deployment in energy-constrained environments.

An Energy-Aware Multilevel Clustering Algorithm For Wireless Sensor Networks, Xinfang Yan, Jiangtao Xi, Joe F. Chicharo, Yanguang Yu

Professor Joe F. Chicharo

Clustering sensors nodes as the basic of routing is an efficient mechanism for prolonging the lifetime of wireless sensor networks. In this paper, the high-efficient multilevel clustering is abstracted as a root tree which has the performances of the minimal relay set and the maximal weight according to graph theory. A mathematical model for the clustering virtual backbone is built. Based on the model, an algorithm called energy-aware multilevel clustering (EAMC) is proposed. The EAMC can reduce the number of relays used for data transmission by minimizing the amount of the nodes in the root tree (that is cluster-head). Furthermore, …

Design Of A High Temperature Superconductor Magnetic Energy Storage Systems, R L Causley, Christopher Cook, Steve Gower

Christopher Cook

The University of Wollongong (UoW) has received funding for the research and development of a 20 kJ high temperature superconducting magnetic energy storage device (HTS SMES). This SMES will be operated at 25 K in contrast to most existing HTS designs, which operate at 77K. This paper includes a literature review of the current technology for the configuration of the SMES coil and a summary of the work done at UoW to date. Solenoidal and toroidal coils designs are compared to determine which will provide the required level of energy stored for a minimum superconductor and device volume. The design …

A Review On The Visible Light Active Titanium Dioxide Photocatalysts For Environmental Applications, Miguel Pelaez, Nicholas Nolan, Suresh Pillai, Michael Seery, Polycarpos Falaras, Athanassios G. Kontos, Patrick S.M. Dunlop, Jeremy W.J. Hamiltone, J. Anthony Byrne, Kevin O’Shea, Mohammad H. Entezari, Dionysios D. Dionysiou

Articles

Development of visible light active (VLA) titania photocatalysts

Fujishima and Honda (1972) demonstrated the potential of titanium dioxide (TiO 2) semiconductor mate-rials to split water into hydrogen and oxygen in a photo-electrochemical cell. Their work triggered the development of semiconductor photocatalysis for a wide range of environmental and energy applica-tions. One of the most significant scientific and commercial advances to date has been the development of visible light active (VLA) TiO2 photocatalytic materials. In this review, a background on TiO2 struc-ture, properties and electronic properties in photocatalysis is presented. The development of different strategies to modify TiO2 for the utilization …

Decay Estimates For Nonlinear Wave Equations With Variable Coefficients, Michael Jacob Roberts

Masters Theses

We studied the long time behavior of solutions of nonlinear wave equations with variable coefficients and an absorption nonlinearity. Such an equation appears in models for traveling waves in a non-homogeneous gas with damping that changes with position. We established decay estimates of the energy of solutions. We found three different regimes of decay of solutions depending on the exponent of the absorption term. We show the existence of two critical exponents. For the exponents above the larger critical exponent, the decay of solutions of the nonlinear equation coincides with that of the corresponding linear problem. For exponents below the …

Transcendental Thermodynamics, Richard E. Morel, George Fleck

Kahn Institute Projects

Thermodynamics is often viewed as a narrow, introspective discipline, trapped by its origins in the 18th and 19th centuries. By dramatic contrast, we show that the Fourth Law of Thermodynamics provides explanations and interpretations of all natural events, extending across artificial boundaries of tradition- al academic disciplines. The Fourth Law of Thermodynamics states that far-from-equilibrium systems increase entropy at the maximum rate available to them. This broadly inclusive paradigm applies to systems from molecules, to organisms, to the biosphere. The Fourth Law is the Law of Evolution. All systems that communicate with their environment exhibit self-organization and self-optimization, enabling the …

Industrial Policy And Renewable Energy: Trade Conflicts, Robert J. Carbaugh, Max St. Brown

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Business

Governments use industrial policy to promote the development of new industries and the creation and adoption of new technologies. Such policy involves subsidies granted to producers and consumers, usually for the purpose of correcting a market failure. Concerning renewable energies such as wind energy and solar energy, China, the United States, and the European Union provide extensive support to producers and consumers. This support has resulted in trade frictions among these nations. This paper discusses the relationship between industrial policy and trade disputes in renewable energy.

Wind Energy: Do The Benefits Outweigh The Costs?, Scott E. Fixman

Honors Theses

As wind energy continues to increase in demand, research to reduce the overall impact of turbines on birds will greaten, resulting in lower turbine‐induced avian and bat mortality. It is important that wind energy continues to increase in energy production per year, as it is one of the safest and most viable renewable energy sources available today.

Anti-Nuclear Activism And The Past, Present And Future Of United States Nuclear Energy Policy, Isabel C. Zellweger

Honors Theses

Nuclear power has had a long and controversial history leading people to have many different views on the topic. Even though nuclear power does provide the nation with a significant portion of its electricity, many still fear its risks, especially after the events at Fukushima last spring. This thesis explores how public opinion, current events, and anti-nuclear activism have shaped nuclear power in America today. After reviewing the literature on nuclear energy in the United States, I discuss the past and current state of United States nuclear energy policy, and then describe changing American attitudes toward nuclear power over time. …

Mobicon: Mobile Context Monitoring Platform: Incorporating Context-Awareness To Smartphone-Centric Personal Sensor Networks, Youngki Lee, Younghyun Ju, Chuihong Min, Jihun Yu, Junehwa Song

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

In this demonstration, we will show MobiCon, a context monitoring platform; it runs over smartphones and sensor OSs, and facilitates development and deployment of everyday context-aware applications. For many years, lots of research efforts have been made in building low-cost, yet effective sensor networks for various application domains such as structural health monitoring of bridges, disaster recovery, automated ventilation of buildings. Integration of sensors into smartphones and the advent of wearable devices open a new opportunity for mobile applications to leverage in-situ user contexts such as his/her location, activity, social relationship, health status. In recent studies of mobile and pervasive …

Comon: Cooperative Ambience Monitoring Platform With Continuity And Benefit Awareness, Youngki Lee, Younghyun Ju, Chulhong Min, Seungwoo Kang, Inseok Hwang, Junehwa Song

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

Mobile applications that sense continuously, such as location monitoring, are emerging. Despite their usefulness, their adoption in real-world deployment situations has been extremely slow. Many smartphone users are turned away by the drastic battery drain caused by continuous sensing and processing. Also, the extractable contexts from the phone are quite limited due to its position and sensing modalities. In this paper, we propose CoMon, a novel cooperative ambience monitoring platform, which newly addresses the energy problem through opportunistic cooperation among nearby mobile users. To maximize the benefit of cooperation, we develop two key techniques, (1) continuity-aware cooperator detection and (2) …

Soft X-Ray Spectroscopic Investigation Of Oxides For Renewable Energy Applications, Eric Westbrook Martin

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

Environmental Critiques Of Nuclear Energy, William Hummel

Pomona Senior Theses

This essay identifies and evaluates the most common environmental critiques made against nuclear energy development. Environmentalists articulate four major concerns: the destructive effects and health risks of uranium mining; the dangers posed by radiation releases and meltdowns; the difficult of nuclear waste disposal; and national security concerns, including nuclear weapons proliferation and the possibility of attack or sabotage. By characterizing and describing these concerns, we are better able to decide which problems are most compelling, and suggest possible policy-driven solutions.