Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Effect Of The Pasture, In Different Seasons, And Of The Ripening Time On The Caciocavallo Palermitano Cheese, C. Giosuè, M. Alabiso, M. L. Alicata, V. Ilardi, D. Giambalvo, G. Maniaci

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Non‐Co2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Associated With Winter Management And Farm Effluent Application In Grazed Grassland Systems In New Zealand, Jiafa Luo, Surinder Saggar, Sterwart F. Ledgard

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Growth Characteristic, Productivity And Nutritive Value Of Forages By Reseeding Methods In Forest Fire Burnt Pasture, J. K. Lee, S. H. Yoon, Y. C. Lim, H. C. Ji, B. S. Jeon, K. Y. Kim, K. J. Choi, H. S. Park, S. Seo

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Application Of Nuclear Techniques In Improving Pasture/Range Management, Majid Ajorlo, Ramdzani B. Abdullah

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Using Microhistological Techiques To Predict Botanical Composition Of Horse Diets On Cool‐Season Grass Pasture, Jesse Ira Morrison, S. Ray Smith, Glen E. Aiken

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Measurement At Pasture Of Intake, Digestibility And Chemical Composition Of The Diet Of Nursing Ewes, Using Faecal Nirs, Maryline Boval, A. Fanchone, E. Ortega‐Jimenez, G. Alexandre

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Response Of An Improved Pasture To Different Phosphoric Fertilisation Strategies In Basaltic Soils, D. F. Risso, R. Cuadro, A. Morón

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Fertilisation Strategies For Sown Organic Pasture In The Mediterranean Mountains Of Northeast Portugal, J. M. Pires, M. Rodrigues, M. Arrobas, J. Pires, N. Moreira

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Physical Soil Quality In The Main Areas Of Pastures In Dairy Production In Uruguay, A. Morón, J. Molfino, Jorge Sawchik, A. Califra, E. Lazbal, A. La Manna, E. Malcuori

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Response Of Natural And Cultivated Hay Meadows To Fertilizer Applied By Small Scale Livestock Farmers In The Mountainous Sandzak Region Of Serbia, Ian R. Lane, M. V. Stosic, G. Topisirovic, S. Reynolds

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Correction Of Sulphur Deficiency On Naturalized Pastures Of Western Patagonia (Chile), Christian Hepp

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Successional Dynamic Changing Process Of Vegetation Steppe From Central Asia And Mongolian Pasture, Erdenejav Guriin Proffessor

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Methane Emission Estimated From Different Cattle Intake Data In Heifers Grazing A Tropical Pasture, José Augusto Imaz, O. Hernández, D. Dos Santos, A. Radrizzani, J. I. Arroquy

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The quantification of methane (CH₄) from enteric fermentation related to cattle diet is a useful tool to identify strategies to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions. This is even important in tropical and subtropical regions due to the lack of CH₄ estimations in beef cattle, particularly from Bos Indicus breeds grazing tropical grasses (Kurihara et al., 1999). Several modelling approaches have been developed in order to predict CH₄ emission. However, the use of these models has limitations associated with uncertainty information required such as feed intake (FI), composition of the selected diet and animal responses (Gonzalez et …

Feasibility Of Buffalo Rearing On Pasture In Tropical Climate Of Andaman And Nicobar Islands, M. S. Kundu, A. Kundu, S. Dam Roy

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands form the Southern most tip of the Indian subcontinent, located (6-14° N latitude and 92-94°E longitude) in the South Eastern part of the Bay of Bengal .There are 572 Islands of which only 37 are currently inhabited. The Islands are beautiful and unique. The indigenous plants, animals, livestock, and marine life contribute to uniqueness of these Islands. The total livestock population has increased to many fold from meager 38.6 thousand in 1961 to 154.75 thousand in 2012. The buffalo constitute 5.08 per cent of the livestock of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The buffaloes …

Pasture Establishment And Sustainability In Arid Region Of Rajasthan, India: Prospects And Constraints, Surendra Singh Shekhawat, S. M. Kumawat, S. L. Godara

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Rajasthan is the largest state of India and covers nearly 10.4 per cent (342.65 lakh ha) of total geographical area of the country. About 65 per cent of its population is dependent on agriculture. According to livestock census-2007, Rajasthan ranks at the third place (56.663 million) in the country for total livestock population after Uttar Pradesh (60.272 million) and Andhra Pradesh (60.175 million). The large livestock population of the state shows importance of fodder in the state. Western part of Rajasthan state covers the area of the state towards western side of Aravali range of hills, which divides the state …

Policy Measures For Extensive Farming Systems In Southwest Norway, Lief Jarle Asheim, Pål Thorvaldsen, Odd J. Øvreås

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The open landscapes produced over centuries by farming in southwest Norway are threatened by agricultural abandonment, raising public concern for maintenance of the species rich and valuable coastal grasslands. A study in two municipalities revealed that semi-natural grasslands, traditionally grazed in spring and fall and mowed in-between, are most affected. Two linear programming models, one for part time sheep farms and one for larger mixed dairy and meat farms, were developed to study measures for stimulating production, in particular effects on grazing and land utilization of altering support between leys, farm pasture, and grazing animals. Yields and fertilization level in …

Endozoochorus Seed Dispersal By Jalauni Sheep In Tropical Climate: Recovery And Germinability Under Natural Pasture Grazing, Nityanada Das, S. B. Maity

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Herbivores can play an important role in seed dispersal. Climate, available vegetation for grazing, pasture situation can determine the seed dispersal trends by the grazing animals. Tropical climate of India with wide climatic variation leads to fluctuating herbage quality and available biomass. Ruminants spread plants through fecal pellets after grazing at one place and fecal voiding at another. Herbivores can play an important role in seed dispersal. Climate, available vegetation for grazing, pasture situation can determine the seed dispersal trends by the grazing animals. Tropical climate of India with wide climatic variation leads to fluctuating herbage quality and available biomass. …

Animal Behaviour And Pasture Depletion In A Pasture-Based Automatic Milking System, Nicolas A. Lyons, Kendra L. Kerrisk, Sergio C. Garcia

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In an automatic milking system (AMS) feed is used as an incentive to encourage voluntary and distributed cow traffic to the milking unit (Prescott et al. 1998). Therefore the timing, placement and size of feed allocations need to be managed in order to achieve targeted milking events per day.

Behavioural studies allow the construction of time budgets (Gibb et al. 1998), and aid understanding of how cows modify their behaviour under different management regimes (Johansson et al. 1999). To date there are no published reports on how different location of feed incentives affect cows’ behaviour upon arrival at …

The Effect Of Planting Date On The Dry Matter Production Of Italian And Westerwolds Ryegrass In The Southern Cape Of South Africa, Philip R. Botha, Janke Van Der Colf, Lethukuthula B. Zulu, Pieter A. Swanepoel

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Perennial pasture species such as lucerne (Medicago sativa), kikuyu (Pennisetum clandestinum), perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and perennial clovers (Trifolium spp.) make an important contribution to the fodder flow programmes for dairy production in the southern Cape. One of the main challenges when these species make up the primary pasture base within a pasture system is the mutually low growth rates during winter (Van Heerden et al., 1989; Swanepoel et al., 2014). In order to bridge pasture shortages during the critical winter months, producers establish annual Italian (Lolium multiflorum var. italicum …

Production And Quality Assessment Of Pasture Crop In Red Lateritic Wasteland Of Central Chhattisgarh, Mahendra Nath Naugraiya, G. S. Tomar

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The livestock constitutes a very important component in rural economy, as in agriculture. Our country largely depends on livestock for manure and power. The availability of fodder is short from the requirement and an estimate of several agencies, there is more than 300 per cent gap between availability and requirement (Anon, 1980). Most of the livestock depend either partially or completely on natural and developed pastoral system, but the existing practices of utilization of range lands, grasslands and forest areas natural resources and increasing land degradation. In the improved pastoral system in wastelands, the carrying capacity of grass-legumes pastoral field …

Vegetation Restoration Patterns After Rangeland Enclosure In Arid Tunisia, Khalil Mseddi, Ahmad Mohajja Al-Shammari, Hossain Sharif, Mohamed Chaieb

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In Tunisia arid regions, the increase in the rural populat-ion density, (Le Floc’h et al. 1999) has intensified human pressure on natural resources through ‘‘disturbances’’ such as grazing and wood harvesting, land clearing and ploughing, which largely depend on the annual rainfall. About 10% of the steppe area has been taken over by agriculture, shrinking perennial plant cover and a highly degraded vegetation class (Hanafi and Jauffret 2008). This work assesses the vegetation restoration patterns on a protected agricultural field in Tunisian arid rangeland after 15 years of enclosure and protection against plowing.

Towards Effective Management: Toxicity, Causal Mechanism And Controlling Strategy Of Toxic Rangeland Weeds In Western China, Wei He, Yongmei Liu, Hao Lu, Baoyu Zhao, Chonghui Mo, Juying Wu, Nengtai Da, Yahui Wei

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Toxic rangeland weeds (TRWs) pose a great threat to animal husbandry. Currently, an estimated 33 million hectares of pasture (10%) in western China is infested by a variety of toxic weeds, including Stellera chamaejasme, Oxytropis spp., Astragalus spp., Achnatherum inebrians. The spread of these toxic weeds results in huge annual economic losses of more than $2.4 billion USD (direct and indirect). A combination of ecology, molecular biology, biochemistry and field practise methods will be used to identify and evaluate TRWs, explore the mechanism of toxicity, and more importantly, understand the causal mechanism by which TRWs flourish. The knowledge …

Dry Matter Yield Of Promising Panicum Maximum Genotypes In Response To Phosphorus And Liming On Brazilian Savannah, Gustavo J. Braga, Giovana A. Maciel, Allan K. B. Ramos, Marcelo A. Carvalho, Francisco Duarte Fernandes, Liana Jank

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Soil fertility of the Brazilian savannah Cerrado is naturally poor. Extensive areas of pastures located in the central part of territory are cultivated with Brachiaria grasses which are less demanding for soil nutrients and lime (Rao et al. 1998). On the other hand, Panicum maximum cultivars such as the high yielding Mombaça grass recommended to intensive beef and dairy cattle systems (Euclides et al. 2008), must be seeded with a higher amount of fertilizer, especially phosphorus (P). Consequently there is an effort for selection of P. maximum genotypes with low P demand and high responsiveness. The objective of …

Impact Of The Last Grazing Time On The White Clover/Grass Swards Performance, Jonas Šlepetys, Alvyra Slepetiene

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Winter survival and longevity of grasses depend not only on the weather conditions but also on the state of grasses in the autumn, when their wintering shoots and roots are intensively accumulating reserves of nutrients (Stout, 1987; Sardana and Narwal, 2000). The long-term productivity of the sward depends on the species composition of grasses, frequency of use, nitrogen fertilisation, and timing of the last cut. The effects of these various factors on the sward can be very diverse in various geographic locations (Van Keuren, 1988; Taneja et al., 1994; Sollenberger and Newman, 2007). When utilising pastures in the regions of …

Improving The Phosphorus Efficiency Of Temperate Australian Pastures, Richard J. Simpson, Graeme A. Sandral, Richard A. Culvenor, Megan H. Ryan, Hans Lambers, Phillip G. H. Nichols, Richard C. Hayes

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Phosphorus (P) is a key input necessary for high production in many temperate, grass-legume pasture systems in Australia because the pastures are situated on P-deficient and moderate to highly P-sorbing soils. A consequence of P-sorption in these soils is that much more P must be applied as fertiliser than will be exported in animal products. The P balance efficiency (PBE=100*P_export/Pi_nputs) of grazing enterprises (e.g. wool, meat, milk and live animal export) is about 10-30% and compares poorly with some other agricultural enterprises (e.g. 45-54% for grain production; McLaughlin et al. 1992; Weaver and …

The Dilemma Of Using Sward Height As A Management Tool For Intensively Grazed Sheep Pasture In Spring, David R. Stevens, Andrew J. Wall, Bryan R. Thompson, Karren T. O’Neill, Ian C. Scott

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Sward height is often used as a tool for both animal and pasture management, especially when continuously grazing pasture. For example, sward height has been used to define the conditions for optimal feed intake of multiple-bearing ewes, both before and after lambing (Everett-Hincks et al.2005; Morris and Kenyon 2004). Sward height is easily applied by the grazier and so becomes an effective tool. However, changes in the leaf distribution and relative species makeup of the sward both seasonally (Thomson et al. 2001) and in response to grazing management (Webby and Pengelly 1986) mean that the amount of pasture per unit …

Extending The Period Of High Feed Value In Italian Ryegrass (Lolium Multiflorum Lam.) For Grazing In The Warm Temperate Zone Of Japan, Makoto Kaneko, Yoshi-Nori Nakamura, Akihisa Yamada

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Japan has widely diverse climate conditions, from subtropical in the south to boreal in the north. In warm regions of the temperate zone in the south-west, such as low-lying areas of Kyushu Island, temperate grasses only barely survive during the summer (Area V in Fig. 1). Therefore, for year-round grazing, tropical grasses and temperate grasses have been used, respectively, for summer and winter (Fig. 2). Throughout Japan, grazing is limited for cows and their calves and fattening takes place in barns. Recently, as consumer preference for meat has diversified, the demand for lean meat with less fat from grazing cattle …

Pasture Yield And Sward Intake By Suckler Cows In The Extended Grazing Season, Piotr Goliński, Barbara Golińska, Józef Biniaś

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Recent advancements in grazing management have shown opportunities to extend the grazing season in late autumn (Hennessy et al. 2006). The increase in the grazing season length will have profound effect on the overall system through reducing the quantity of slurry to be stored, reduction in the quantities of silage and hay required for winter feeding and reductions in the energy associated with sward harvesting and conservation. Also, in Central Europe the extending of grazing season has become highly desirable in the recent years (Opitz v. Boberfeld et al. 2006; Skladanka et al. 2010), because it can …

Pastures In Production Management In Madagascar, Isabelle H. Hantanirina, Jean De N. Rakotozandriny

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

In Madagascar, natural pasture is found across extensive areas of the landscape and has inherently low productivity. There is limited management of these areas and limited management inputs, such as fertiliser or introduced sown pastures (Morat 1973). Natural pasture has a prominent place in animal production, however, consumer demand for milk, meat and other products mean that greater animal productivity is required than that achieved on natural pastures. This is the case for dairy farming in the highlands of Madagascar. The use of exotic pastures has become necessary for better production.

The aim of this study was to evaluate feed …

Modelling Complex Sheep Systems Using Ausfarm, Susan M. Robertson, Michael A. Friend

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Simulation modelling can be a valuable method for extrapolating experimental findings to different weather or management conditions. However, most of the decision support tools which are available for sheep grazing systems, for example GrassGro® (Donnelly et al. 1997), are limited to modelling of relatively simple sheep management. This makes validation of simulations against experimental results difficult where management changes from year to year, and where more complex sheep management is used. This study evaluated the use of the AusFarm® decision support tool (Moore et al. 2007) to model a split-joined sheep system, using different ram breeds against experimental …