Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Multiple Constraints Cause Positive And Negative Feedbacks Limiting Grassland Soil Co2 Efflux Under Co2 Enrichment, Philip A. Fay, Dafeng Hui, Robert B. Jackson, Harold P. Collins, Lara G. Reichmann, Michael J. Aspinwall, Virginia L. Jin, Albina R. Khasanova, Robert W. Heckman, H. Wayne Polley

Biology Faculty Research

Understanding ecosystem carbon-cycling responses to atmospheric CO₂ enrichment is critical to preserve biodiversity and maintain vital ecosystem services in grasslands impacted by global change. We conducted an 8-y experiment enriching CO₂ concentrations from preindustrial to midtwenty-first century levels on grassland plant communities on upland, lowland, and alluvial soils. CO₂ enrichment increased the CO₂ efflux from soils to atmosphere in amounts depending on whether the dominant limitation was CO₂ or feedbacks (net positive or negative) from soil moisture and plant species turnover. These findings highlight how multiple concurrent limitations, not single limitations in sequence, regulate the …

Production Raigras According Topographic Position And Year In Natural Grasslands Buenos Aires, Argentina, Mónica B. Sacido, Ezequiel M. Latorre, Verónica Porello, Gerardo Divino, Alejandro Quiaquinta

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Yield And Quality Of Italian Ryegrass As Affected By Supplemental Irrigation, M. E. V. L. Lourenço, P. M. M. Palma, L. L. Silva, Vitor M. L. Massa

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Influence Of Tree Thinning On Grass Dry Matter Yield, With And Without Grazing By Herbivore Game Species In The Marakele Park, South Africa, G. N. Smit, F. C. Pienaar

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Processes In Plant‐Soil System Of Coastal Grasslands Induced By Management Practice, Tiina Köster, K. Kauer, M. Sammul, R. Kölli, A. Selge, M. Noormets, H. Raave

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

The Productivity And Hay Requirements Of Beef Cattle In A Year-Round Grazing System In North Cameroon, A. D. Nkengafac, P. Tinta, G. Ayuk, M. Mansue, F. Fuh

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Grazing Impacts On Natural Steppe Community Of Eastern Mongolia, N. Narantuya

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

No abstract provided.

Physical And Chemical Properties Of Soils In Gambari Forest Reserve Near Ibadan, South Western Nigeria., Akintola O. Opeyemi Dr, Bodede Idayat Adewunmi Dr, Abiola Isaac Oluwaseyi Dr

Journal of Bioresource Management

The different features of soil greatly affect the flora and vegetative diversity of a forest. The physical and chemical characteristics of soils in Onigambari Forest Reserve were evaluated to assess the fertility and productivity status of the soils. Fifteen soil samples collected from different sample locations were analyzed for soil texture (sand, silt and clay), bulk density, porosity, pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable bases (Na, K, Ca and Mg) and available micronutrients (Zn, Cu, Fe and Mn). Texturally, the studied soils were loamy sand and sandy loam with percentage of sands (71.2-84.2 %), silts (7.4-10.4 %) and …

Enhancing The Productivity Of Grassland And Wasteland Through Management In Hills, Jaideep Kumar Bisht

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Total area available for grazing in the country is about 40% of the land area. Pasture lands constitute the main grazing resources of the country, available over an area of 12 million ha (3.94% of the geographical area). An idea of the meager fodder availability can be had from the fact that about 50% of the cattle population, depending largely upon free rangeland grazing in forests, pastures, village commons and the like, end up getting only about 1.5 kg of dry fodder/ day/ ACU (Adult Cattle Unit) as against the healthy fodder requirement norm of 3% body weight. The grasslands …

Productive Longevity Of Fodder Galega-Grass Swards, Aleksandrs Adamovics, Olga Adamovica, Iveta Gutmane

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Red clover, alfalfa and white clover are traditional forage crops in Latvia. In Latvian agricultural practice, fodder galega (Galega orientalis Lam.) is grown for a relatively short period. Recently introduced into Latvia, it is rousing evergrowing interest due to its persistency and high yielding ability. Experiments on fodder galega show that this longlived legume survives in pure stands for 25 and more years and provides annual DM yields from 9.56 to 11.0 t ha^-1 (Adamovics and Auzins, 2006; Slepetys, 2000; Slepetys and Adomovics, 2011). Pure fodder galega stands, compared to other legumes, are not thinning out during harvest …

Acacia Cochliacantha Control In Buffel Grass Pastures At Alamos, Sonora, Mexico, Fernando Ibarra Martin, Martha Martin Rivera, Fernando Ibarra-Flores, Salomón M. Moreno, Francisco Denogean Ballesteros, Rodolfo Garza Ortega, Rafael Retes Lopez, Alfredo Aguilar Valdez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Chirahui (Acacia cochliacantha) is an aggressive tall-shrub which invades buffelgrass (Cenchrus ciliaris L.) in the short jungle area of Southern Sonora, Mexico. As brush invasion takes over the pastures buffelgrass forage production declines and spiny brush species interferes with cattle grazing (Martin et al., 1995). Manual brush control practices are common in the area but are normally ineffective because plants re-sprout back and reinvade pastures. Tordon 101 herbicide (64.0 g a.i./l Picloram + 240.0 g a.i/l 2,4-D) has been widely used for brush control in northern Mexico but it is expensive and is planned to go …

Tillage Options For Productivity And Profitability Of Food Forage Based Production System In Indo Gangetic Plains Of India, Mahendra Singh Pal

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Food – Forage based systems are the pre-requisite for sustainable rural development mainly as they provide support to small and marginal farmers by adjusting a substantial part of their land exclusively for forage production in grain crop based rotations (Kumar and Faruqui, 2009). In addition, the high cost of cultivation of intensive cropping systems is a major bottleneck in sustainable and profitable crop production. Presently, new innovations in tillage has revolutionized agriculture worldwide mainly due to reducing cost of cultivation, bulk density of soil and trafficabiltiy and also improving soil organic carbon resulting into high soil fertility. In addition, zero …

Relationship Between Live Weight Gain Of Tibetan Sheep And Available Pasture In Qinhai-Tibetan Plateau, Y. Sun, Y. Liu, Y. Zhang, S. H. Chang, Z. F. Wang, X. J. Chen, Fujiang Hou

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Overgrazing is a universal phenomenon on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, which results in 90% of the alpine meadow grassland being degraded (Gao and Hou 2011). As well, animal productivity of the grassland is becoming lower because of the yearly continuous grazing. Improved grazing management will play a key role in the sustainable use of alpine meadow grasslands.

Case Study: Conservative Stocking On The Fitzroy River Floodplain; Jubilee Downs And Quanbun Downs, Central Kimberley Western Australia, Kath Ryan, Anne Marie Huey, Paul Novelly, Keith Anderson

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Keith and Karen Anderson and family run a breeder operation on Jubilee Downs and Quanbun Downs in the Fitzroy Valley of Western Australia (18°21' S, 125°18' E). These adjacent pastoral leases are in the shire of Derby/West Kimberley. The Andersons have been managing Jubilee Downs station since 1985. Quanbun Downs station was purchased in 2002, and a farm in the northern agricultural region of WA has been recently added for use as a finishing block. The current combined herd for Jubilee Downs and Quanbun Downs is around 8,000 head. Keith believes in selling close to his branding percentage and that …

Productivity Of White Clover-Grass Mixed Swards, Aleksandrs Adamovics, Olga Adamovica

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Dairy farming is a major branch of agriculture in Latvia. Therefore, providing livestock with high quality grass forage over the whole grazing season is of great importance. However, the cost of obtaining high quality grass forage should not be too high. Perennial forage legume-grass stands meets the required demands best of all. Inclusion of white clover in legume-grass stands contributes to the production of high quality herbage swards (Frame and Newbould, 1986; Laidlaw et al., 1995; Orr et al., 1990; Van Bockstaele, 1985). The nutritive value of white clover depends on the favorable leaf: stem ratio in total …

Effect Of Arbuscular Mycorrhize On Growth And Productivity Of Stylosanthes Seabrana, Neha Chakravarty, Ashok Shukla, Anil Kumar, S. K. Dhyani, Taru Nagori

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Stylosanthes seabrana, an important range legume was introduced in India in the year 1998 through ACIAR-ICAR joint project. It has given good results under agroforestry/silvopastoral systems and can be grown as sole pasture crop or along with compatible grasses/legumes on a variety of soils. For its year round production, intensive cutting approach is generally employed. Under such conditions, plant demands large amount of soil nutrients for better productivity, which are generally applied as inorganic fertilizers (Chandra et al., 2006).

In soils with low nutrient contents especially phosphorus (P), large amount of phosphatic fertilizers are required for establishment and growth …

Leaf Blast Pyricularia Grisea Effects On Buffelgrass Forage And Seed Production In Northwestern Mexico, Martha Martin Rivera, Fernando Ibarra-Flores, Patricia Barrios Cardenas, Salomón M. Moreno, Fernando Ibarra Martin, Rafael Retes Lopez, Francisco Rivas Santoyo, Alfredo Aguilar Valdez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Common buffelgrass Cenchrus ciliaris (T-4464) is an introduced species intensively planted in Mexico to increase productivity on rangelands. Studies have shown that the species produces 5 to 10 times more forage as compared to native species on rangelands (Martin et al., 1995). Previous studies in the Gulf of Mexico have shown that the fungus Pyricularia grisea causes a disease in buffelgrass known as "leaf blight" and induce serious damage to the plant affecting forage production and nutritive quality (Ocumpaugh and Rodríguez, 1998; González, 2002). Injuries begin in the inferior leafs as small dark stains that later are converted in injuries …

Vegetation Changes Ten Years After Catclaw Mimosa ( Mimosa Laxiflora ) Control With Tebuthiuron In A Short Grass Prairie At Northern Sonora, Mexico, Fernando Ibarra-Flores, Martha Martin Rivera, Salomón M. Moreno, Fernando Ibarra Martin, Rafael Retes Lopez, Alfredo Aguilar Valdez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Catclaw mimosa (Mimosa laxiflora) is a native, perennial half-size brush, which invades short grass prairie and competes with desirable species for water, nutrients and light interferes with cattle grazing and reduces range productivity. Tebuthiuron [1-(5-tert-Butyl-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)-1,3-dimethylurea; chemical formula C₉H₁₆N₄OS] is a granular herbicide used to control invasive shrubby species on rangelands with sustainable forage responses (McGinty et al., 2009). Research trials conducted in the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts show that tebuthiuron at rates of 0.5 to 1.5 kg a.i./ha effectively controlled most shrubby species and significant increase forage in …

Effect Of Forage Brassica On Subsequent Soil Water Content And Yield Of Dual-Purpose Winter Wheat In Rainfed Region Of Northwestern China, Yuanbo Liu, Lihua Tian, Qingping Zhang, Yuying Shen

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The dual-purpose performance of winter wheat used for both forage and grain production has been explored as an alternative practice for filling the feed gap during winter and spring in agricultural areas of the Loess Plateau. Profit-ability is still restricted however, because of a three month summer fallow period between harvest and planting of the subsequent wheat crop. During this 3 month period 60% of the annual precipitation occurs, limiting the effective use of soil water and compounding the risk of soil erosion. Thus it is important to cultivate some forage crops with higher water consumption, protecting the ecological environment …

The North Wyke Farm Platform: Methodologies Used In The Remote Sensing Of The Quantity And Quality Of Drainage Water, Bruce A. Griffith, Jane M. B. Hawkins, Robert J. Orr, Martin S. A. Blackwell, Phil J. Murray

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The North Wyke Farm Platform(NWFP) for agri-environmental research in temperate grassland was established in the UK in 2010 (Orr et al. 2011). Here we describe the instrumentation and methodologies used to monitor the quantity and quality of drainage water at a total of 15 H-flumes draining 5 sub-catchments within three farmlets. Each of 15 flume laboratories is supplied with 3 kW of mains power and connected to both fibre optic and UHF (Ultra High Frequency) radio networks for data exchange. The radio data network also provides telemetry for rain gauges and soil temperature/moisture probes located away from the flumes …

Vegetation Changes Following Biosolids Applications At An Old Boer Lovegrass Pasture In Northern Sonora, México, Martha R. Martin, Fernando F. Ibarra, Salomón M. Moreno, Alfredo V. Aguilar, Francisco B. Denogean, Fernando M. Ibarra, Felix A. Ayala, Ana D. Martinez

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

Short grass prairies (Bouteloua-Aristida) are the main vegetation type in northern Sonora, México, however, factors such as land fragmentation, overgrazing, severe droughts and lack of infrastructure in most ranches poor grazing management has caused land degradation. Boer lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula var. conferta) is an introduced species planted to increase productivity on deteriorated rangelands. Forage production with Boer lovegrass increases two to three fold as compared to native grasses after range seeding but productivity declines as stands become old. Biosolids have been recognized as a useful soil amendment and source of nitrogen, phosphorus, organic matter and other …

Sward Management Targets In Natural Grasslands Of Southern Brazil, Carolina Bremm, Jean C. Mezzalira, Lidiane Fonseca, Carlos A. O. Oliveira, Emilio A. Laca, Carolina S. Silva, Luis H. S. Correia, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

The relationship between environment, plant and animal is one of the most important focuses in the ecological and productive context of natural grasslands. The limited knowledge of the complexity of this environment can lead to inappropriate management strategies, determining degradation, biodiversity and productivity losses. This study is based on the concept that the best way to conserve natural grasslands is through adequate management targets.

This study aimed to identify sward management targets that maximize productivity in natural grasslands of Southern Brazil.

Interactive Tree And N Supply Effect On Root Mass Of Two Annual Pasture Grasses, Laíse Da S. Pontes, Raquel S. Barro, Edemar F. De Camargo, Vanderley P. Da Silva, José L. Moletta, Keli C. S. Guera, Anibal De Moraes, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho

IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)

A major aim of integrated crop livestock system (ICLS) with trees is to increase the overall land productivity and/or its sustainability by making best use of the environmental resources (water, light and nutrients) used by plant for growth (Jose et al. 2008). Consequently, research efforts have been done in order to investigate the complex animal-plant-soils interactions operating upon the biological production of these systems, and their environmental impacts. For instance, since roots return to soil as a stock of C in the soil is in general larger than shoot return, interest in describing plant root system has increased due …