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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Comparison Of The Chemical And Isotopic Composition Of Groundwater And Surface Water In The South Sound Region, Andrew H. Oberhelman
Comparison Of The Chemical And Isotopic Composition Of Groundwater And Surface Water In The South Sound Region, Andrew H. Oberhelman
Summer Research
This project seeks to characterize the chemical and isotopic compositions of groundwater and surface water in portions of Pierce and King Counties, with the goal of using these results to determine the water sources of local lakes. Specifically of interest are lakes studied by Puget Sound students over the past ~10 years where water analyses appear to define a mixing line, likely between surface runoff and the shallow groundwater (Figures 1, 2, and 3). Existing data pertain only to surface water from the lakes while data pertaining to groundwater is patchy or nonexistent and includes only a few of the …
A Simplification Of Inclusion-Exclusion Via Minimal Complexes, Andrew J. Brandt
A Simplification Of Inclusion-Exclusion Via Minimal Complexes, Andrew J. Brandt
Summer Research
This poster discusses the discovery and use of previously unproved methods for solving counting problems using the fundamental ideas of the inclusion exclusion-principle and the Euler characteristic. While both methods use a weighted version of the Euler characteristic to determine the order of a union of finite sets, the first method can be used with contractible, planar graphs whereas the second method generalizes this idea to multi-dimensional complexes and their minimal complexes. These methods seem to be promising in their applications to subjects such as homology theory, Betti numbers, and abstract tubes.
Reintroduced Beavers Rapidly Influence Sediment Storage And Biogeochemistry In Headwater Streams Of The Methow River, Wa, Rita Mccreesh
Reintroduced Beavers Rapidly Influence Sediment Storage And Biogeochemistry In Headwater Streams Of The Methow River, Wa, Rita Mccreesh
Summer Research
To understand how rapidly beaver bioengineering impacts sediment organic material accumulation, we characterized the short-term, temporal dynamics of how reintroduced beavers have influenced sediment and organic material accumulation on 1st and 2nd order streams over the past decade. Sources of beaver related organics include coarse woody debris, fecal matter, and allochthonous material. We measured sediment physical properties, and analyzed samples for weight percent carbon and nitrogen. Our temporally constrained results provide insight into the rapidity at which beavers can influence biogeochemical systems in headwater streams.
The Acoustics Of Harmon Mutes, Zachary T. Armstrong
The Acoustics Of Harmon Mutes, Zachary T. Armstrong
Summer Research
The acoustic properties of trumpets have been studied thoroughly, but little to no previous work has been done regarding the acoustics of trumpet mutes. Harmon mutes have a distinctively "buzzy" sound when they are used in performance and it is the opinion of a large number of trumpet players who use Harmon mutes that they should be dented before they are used in performance. The work presented here is an attempt to determine the acoustical properties of Harmon mutes and how they change when the mute is dented. If Harmon mutes are better understood, then a more informed decision as …
Vibrational Patterns In Curved Metal Plates, Samuel D. Berling
Vibrational Patterns In Curved Metal Plates, Samuel D. Berling
Summer Research
This summer, I investigated the factors affecting the vibrational patterns of curved metal plates. This research was inspired by the musical saw instrument which is played by bending a large handsaw into an s-curve and then bowing it like a violin. In our results, we identified the local confinement of the vibrational patterns due to the plate's curvature, the variation of resonant frequencies due to the geometry of the plate, and we determined that the stress in the metal created by bending the plate into its shape has a negligible effect on the resonant frequencies.
Controls On The Distribution Of Asarco Heavy Metals In Tacoma-Area Lakes, Angelica J. Calderon
Controls On The Distribution Of Asarco Heavy Metals In Tacoma-Area Lakes, Angelica J. Calderon
Summer Research
Lake sediments and soils within the South Puget Sound region contain elevated levels of Pb, As, Cu, Zn, and other metals as a result of ASARCO smelting operations. While significant work has been done on determining the extent of heavy metal pollution, little research has been directed toward the distribution of heavy metals in local lake sediments. Field work, including lake coring, deploying of sediment traps, and collecting soils coupled with geochemical analysis will provide the tools to better understand the local lake chemistry. Previous work by Puget Sound students and faculty has established that sediment profiles do not correspond …
Geochemistry And Origins Of Thermal Springs Waters Of The Olympic Peninsula And Cascade Range, Washington, Jon Kenneth K. Golla
Geochemistry And Origins Of Thermal Springs Waters Of The Olympic Peninsula And Cascade Range, Washington, Jon Kenneth K. Golla
Summer Research
The state of Washington contains 98 low temperature (surface temperatures between ~ 20 - 50 oC) geothermal springs, which are powered by the convective circulation of groundwater that is heated by the natural heat of the Earth. These systems operate in a cycle that begins when precipitation percolates downward into the subsurface and comes in contact with a heat source. Subsequently the heated water returns to the surface, in most cases, having interacted chemically with rocks in the reservoir and/or along its ascent path. Surveys done by the USGS between the 1970s – early 1990s show there is significant …
Characterization Of The Mala Enzyme From Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus Through The Synthesis And Analysis Of Maltose Derivatives, Joey R. Jepson
Characterization Of The Mala Enzyme From Bdellovibrio Bacteriovorus Through The Synthesis And Analysis Of Maltose Derivatives, Joey R. Jepson
Summer Research
MalA is an α-glucosidase found in the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, a predatory bacteria that preys on gram-negative bacteria, including several plant and human pathogens. The gene for MalA was discovered while sequencing the genome of Bdellovibrio and was predicted to be a maltase based on homology. Maltase enzymes are characterized by their role in the catalysis of maltose into two glucose subunits. MalA will bind to several different disaccharides composed of a glucose α-linked to a variety of sugars (isomaltose, trehalose, turanose, sucrose, etc.), but it does not cleave them. The objective of our research was to investigate how the …
Synthesis Of A Lysozyme Substrate: Exploring The Use Of The (2,6-Dichloro-4-Methoxyphenyl)(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)) Methyl (Mdpm) Protecting Group In Glycoside Coupling, Vladimir Yelkhimov
Synthesis Of A Lysozyme Substrate: Exploring The Use Of The (2,6-Dichloro-4-Methoxyphenyl)(2,4-Dichlorophenyl)) Methyl (Mdpm) Protecting Group In Glycoside Coupling, Vladimir Yelkhimov
Summer Research
Hen egg white lysozyme and T4 lysozyme are two well-studied enzymes that have played an important role in helping us understand the structure and function of proteins. Both of these lysozymes function by breaking down cell walls. Although numerous studies on lysozyme catalysis have been conducted, detailed information on their substrate specificity has been lacking due to the heterogeneous nature of cell walls. The information we do have suggests that the T4 lysozyme cleaves only those oligosaccharides with an attached peptide chain while hen egg white lysozyme is less selective and will cleave oligosaccharides without peptide chains. I plan to …
Using Stable Isotopes To Determine Resource Partitioning And The Role Of Anthropogenic Food Sources On Urban Populations Of Seattle And North Tacoma Raccoons (Procyon Lotor) And Opossums (Didelphis Virginiana), Mairan Smith
Summer Research
With increased urban space and human-wildlife interactions, there is a clear need for research directed towards urban wildlife in order to better manage land use, wildlife populations, and health concerns. No previous studies have quantified the role of anthropogenic food sources in raccoon and opossum diets. Corn, a C4 plant, is not found in Seattle and Tacoma except in processed human food, making it an excellent proxy for determining anthropogenic influence on wildlife diet. Raccoon diet in all regional populations is highly variable among individuals (range = 10 – 70% anthropogenic diet). For Seattle raccoons some of this variability is …
Filling The Gaps: A Comprehensive Understanding Of Diets And Ecosystem Interactions Within The Modern And Fossil Small Mammal Communities Of Meade Basin, Kansas, Hannah Richardson, Kena Fox-Dobbs, Andrew Haveles
Filling The Gaps: A Comprehensive Understanding Of Diets And Ecosystem Interactions Within The Modern And Fossil Small Mammal Communities Of Meade Basin, Kansas, Hannah Richardson, Kena Fox-Dobbs, Andrew Haveles
Summer Research
The modern Great Plains ecosystem began shifting from a woodland biome to a grassland in the Miocene. Stable isotope analysis (SIA) of a diverse community of local consumers, in this case small mammals, provides both a paleoenvironmental record of the shift from woodland C3 biomass to grassland C4 biomass, and a paleoecological record of species interactions and community dynamics. The Meade Basin in southwestern Kansas contains a rich and fairly complete fossil record of a Great Plains small mammal community throughout the past 5 million years. SIA of fossil tooth enamel from Meade small mammals has revealed interesting …