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Articles 1 - 30 of 1148
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Measurement Of Single- And Double-Spin Asymmetries In Deep Inelastic Pion Electroproduction With A Longitudinally Polarized Target, H. Avakian, Gerard P. Gilfoyle, Et. Al.
Measurement Of Single- And Double-Spin Asymmetries In Deep Inelastic Pion Electroproduction With A Longitudinally Polarized Target, H. Avakian, Gerard P. Gilfoyle, Et. Al.
Physics Faculty Publications
We report the first measurement of the transverse momentum dependence of double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive production of pions in deep-inelastic scattering off the longitudinally polarized proton. Data have been obtained using a polarized electron beam of 5.7 GeV with the CLAS detector at the Jefferson Lab (JLab). Modulations of single spin asymmetries over the azimuthal angle between lepton scattering and hadron production planes φ have been measured over a wide kinematic range in Bjorken x and virtual photon squared four-momentum Q2. A significant nonzero sin2φ single spin asymmetry was observed for the first time indicating strong spin-orbit …
Upsilon(1s)->Gamma+F2'(1525); F2'(1525)->K0sk0s Decays, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki
Upsilon(1s)->Gamma+F2'(1525); F2'(1525)->K0sk0s Decays, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, S. Blusk, T. Skwarnicki
Physics - All Scholarship
We report on a study of exclusive radiative decays of the Upsilon(1S) resonance into a final state consisting of a photon and two K0s candidates. We find evidence for a signal for Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525); f_2'(1525)->K0sK0s, at a rate (4.0+/-1.3+/-0.6)x10^{-5}, consistent with previous observations of Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525); f_2'(1525)->K+K-, and isospin. Combining this branching fraction with existing branching fraction measurements of Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525) and J/psi->gamma f_2'(1525), we obtain the ratio of branching fractions: B(Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525))/B(J/psi->gamma f_2'(1525))=0.09+/-0.02, approximately consistent with expectations based on soft collinear effective theory.
ϒ(1s)→Γf'2(1525); F'2(1525)->K0sk0s Decays, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, T. Skwarnicki, S. Stone
ϒ(1s)→Γf'2(1525); F'2(1525)->K0sk0s Decays, Raymond Mountain, Marina Artuso, T. Skwarnicki, S. Stone
Physics - All Scholarship
We report on a study of exclusive radiative decays of the Upsilon(1S) resonance into a final state consisting of a photon and two K0s candidates. We find evidence for a signal for Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525); f_2'(1525)->K0sK0s, at a rate (4.0+/-1.3+/-0.6)x10^{-5}, consistent with previous observations of Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525); f_2'(1525)->K+K-, and isospin. Combining this branching fraction with existing branching fraction measurements of Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525) and J/psi->gamma f_2'(1525), we obtain the ratio of branching fractions: B(Upsilon(1S)->gamma f_2'(1525))/B(J/psi->gamma f_2'(1525))=0.09+/-0.02, approximately consistent with expectations based on soft collinear effective theory.
Measurements Of The Electric Form Factor Of The Neutron Up To Q(2)=3.4 Gev2 Using The Reaction (3)(He)Over-Right-Arrowe((E)Over-Right-Arrow, E ' N)Pp, S. Riordan, Timothy Holmstrom
Measurements Of The Electric Form Factor Of The Neutron Up To Q(2)=3.4 Gev2 Using The Reaction (3)(He)Over-Right-Arrowe((E)Over-Right-Arrow, E ' N)Pp, S. Riordan, Timothy Holmstrom
Chemistry & Physics Faculty Publications
The electric form factor of the neutron was determined from studies of the reaction 3He⃗(e⃗,e′n)pp in quasielastic kinematics in Hall A at Jefferson Lab. Longitudinally polarized electrons were scattered off a polarized target in which the nuclear polarization was oriented perpendicular to the momentum transfer. The scattered electrons were detected in a magnetic spectrometer in coincidence with neutrons that were registered in a large-solid-angle detector. More than doubling the Q2 range over which it is known, we find GEn=0.0236±0.0017(stat)±0.0026(syst), 0.0208±0.0024±0.0019, and 0.0147±0.0020±0.0014 for Q2=1.72, 2.48, and 3.41 GeV2, respectively.
Next-To-Next-To-Leading Soft-Gluon Corrections For The Top Quark Cross Section And Transverse Momentum Distribution, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Next-To-Next-To-Leading Soft-Gluon Corrections For The Top Quark Cross Section And Transverse Momentum Distribution, Nikolaos Kidonakis
Faculty and Research Publications
I present results for top quark production in hadronic collisions at LHC and Tevatron energies. The soft-gluon corrections to the differential cross section are resummed at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithm accuracy via the two-loop soft anomalous dimension matrices. Approximate next-to-next-to-leading-order differential and total cross sections are calculated. Detailed theoretical predictions are shown for the t (t) over bar cross section and the top quark p(T) distribution at the Tevatron and the LHC.
Comparative Study Of Field Enhancement Between Isolated And Coupled Metal Nanoparticles: An Analytical Approach, Greg Sun, Jacob B. Khurgin
Comparative Study Of Field Enhancement Between Isolated And Coupled Metal Nanoparticles: An Analytical Approach, Greg Sun, Jacob B. Khurgin
Physics Faculty Publications
We present an analytical model that takes into account the coupling between the surface plasmon modes in complex metal nanostructures. We apply this model to evaluate the field enhancement in the gap of two coupled Au metal spheres embedded in GaN dielectric and compare the result with that obtained by the single sphere. The results show additional improvement can be obtained in the gap depending on the width of the gap. This approach offers a clear physical insight for the enhancement and a straightforward method for optimization.
D-Dimensional Bose Gases And The Lambert W Function, Sree Ram Valluri, J Tanguay, M Gil, D J. Jeffrey
D-Dimensional Bose Gases And The Lambert W Function, Sree Ram Valluri, J Tanguay, M Gil, D J. Jeffrey
Physics and Astronomy Publications
The applications of the Lambert W function (also known as the W function) to D-dimensional Bose gases are presented. We introduce two sets of families of logarithmic transcendental equations that occur frequently in thermodynamics and statistical mechanics and present their solution in terms of the W function. The low temperature T behavior of free ideal Bose gases is considered in three and four dimensions. It is shown that near condensation in four dimensions, the chemical potential μ and pressure P can be expressed in terms of T through the W function. The low T behavior of one- and two-dimensional ideal …
Does Entropic Gravity Bound The Masses Of The Photon And Graviton?, Jonas R. Mureika, R. B. Mann
Does Entropic Gravity Bound The Masses Of The Photon And Graviton?, Jonas R. Mureika, R. B. Mann
Physics Faculty Works
If the information transfer between test particle and holographic screen in entropic gravity respects both the uncertainty principle and causality, a lower limit on the number of bits in the universe relative to its mass may be derived. Furthermore, these limits indicate particles that putatively travel at the speed of light -- the photon and/or graviton -- have a non-zero mass m≥10−68 kg. This result is found to be in excellent agreement with current experimental mass bounds on the graviton and photon, suggesting that entropic gravity may be the result of a (recent) softly-broken local symmetry. Stronger bounds emerge …
Detecting Electron Motion In Atoms And Molecules, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Detecting Electron Motion In Atoms And Molecules, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Anthony F. Starace Publications
The detection of spatial and temporal electronic motion by scattering of subfemtosecond pulses of 10 keV electrons from coherent superpositions of electronic states of both H and T+2 is investigated. For the H atom, we predict changes in the diffraction images that reflect the time-dependent effective radius of the electronic charge density. For an aligned T+2 molecule, the diffraction image changes reflect the time-dependent localization or delocalization of the electronic charge density.
Unl Physicists Model Potential 4-D Imaging Technique, Tom Simons, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Unl Physicists Model Potential 4-D Imaging Technique, Tom Simons, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Anthony F. Starace Publications
A long-standing goal of science is to be able to understand how matter behaves at the atomic and subatomic level. How electrons rearrange when atoms or molecules come together is the essence of chemistry, and the ability to manipulate those rearrangements is the goal of the emerging sphere of nanotechnology. A fuller understanding could lead to enormous scientific and technological breakthroughs. Unfortunately, significant problems confront scientists and engineers in attacking the question. Not only are atoms and molecules very small, requiring highly specialized equipment to "see" them, everything at the atomic level happens very, very fast. For example, an electron …
Crystalline Order On Catenoidal Capillary Bridges, Mark Bowick, Zhenwei Yao
Crystalline Order On Catenoidal Capillary Bridges, Mark Bowick, Zhenwei Yao
Physics - All Scholarship
We study the defect structure of crystalline particle arrays on negative Gaussian curvature capillary bridges with vanishing mean curvature (catenoids). The threshold aspect ratio for the appearance of isolated disclinations is found and the optimal positions for dislocations determined. We also discuss the transition from isolated disclinations to scars as particle number and aspect ratio are varied.
Crystalline Order On Catenoidal Capillary Bridges, Mark Bowick, Zhenwei Yao
Crystalline Order On Catenoidal Capillary Bridges, Mark Bowick, Zhenwei Yao
Physics - All Scholarship
We study the defect structure of crystalline particle arrays on negative Gaussian curvature capillary bridges with vanishing mean curvature (catenoids). The threshold aspect ratio for the appearance of isolated disclinations is found and the optimal positions for dislocations determined. We also discuss the transition from isolated disclinations to scars as particle number and aspect ratio are varied.
Metastable Anions Of Dinitrobenzene: Resonances For Electron Attachment And Kinetic Energy Release, A. Mauracher, S. Denifl, A. Edtbauer, M. Hager, M. Probst, Olof E. Echt, T. D. Maerk, P. Scheier, T. A. Field, K. Graupner
Metastable Anions Of Dinitrobenzene: Resonances For Electron Attachment And Kinetic Energy Release, A. Mauracher, S. Denifl, A. Edtbauer, M. Hager, M. Probst, Olof E. Echt, T. D. Maerk, P. Scheier, T. A. Field, K. Graupner
Physics & Astronomy
Attachment of free, low-energy electrons to dinitrobenzene (DNB) in the gas phase leads to DNB as well as several fragment anions. DNB, (DNB-H), (DNB-NO), (DNB-2NO), and (DNB-NO(2)) are found to undergo metastable (unimolecular) dissociation. A rich pattern of resonances in the yield of these metastable reactions versus electron energy is observed; some resonances are highly isomer-specific. Most metastable reactions are accompanied by large average kinetic energy releases (KER) that range from 0.5 to 1.32 eV, typical of complex rearrangement reactions, but (1,3-DNB-H)(-) features a resonance with a KER of only 0.06 eV for loss of NO. (1,3-DNB-NO)(-) offers a rare …
Precision Frequency Measurements With Interferometric Weak Values, David J. Starling, P. Ben Dixon, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell
Precision Frequency Measurements With Interferometric Weak Values, David J. Starling, P. Ben Dixon, Andrew N. Jordan, John C. Howell
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We demonstrate an experiment which utilizes a Sagnac interferometer to measure a change in optical frequency of 129 ± 7 kHz/√Hz with only 2 mW of continuous-wave, single-mode input power. We describe the measurement of a weak value and show how even higher-frequency sensitivities may be obtained over a bandwidth of several nanometers. This technique has many possible applications, such as precision relative frequency measurements and laser locking without the use of atomic lines.
Implementation Of The Clas12 Htcc Into Gemc, Nathan A. Harrison
Implementation Of The Clas12 Htcc Into Gemc, Nathan A. Harrison
Master's Theses
No abstract provided.
Movies Of Electrons In Atoms, Michael Schirber, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Movies Of Electrons In Atoms, Michael Schirber, Hua-Chieh Shao, Anthony F. Starace
Anthony F. Starace Publications
Physicists have long been able to snap atomic-scale pictures by shining a beam of electrons at a target, but filming the electronic structure of an atom as it changes in time is the next goal. A rapid "strobing" of electron pulses less than a millionth of a billionth of a second long should do the trick, according to a theoretical analysis in the 24 December Physical Review Letters. The authors demonstrate with computer simulations that ultrafast electron pulses could track the "breathing" state of an excited atom or the hopping of electrons between atoms in a molecule. Such movies open …
Parity Violation In The N + 3he → 3h + P Reaction: Resonance Approach, Vladimir Gudkov
Parity Violation In The N + 3he → 3h + P Reaction: Resonance Approach, Vladimir Gudkov
Faculty Publications
The method based on microscopic theory of nuclear reactions has been applied for the analysis of parityviolatingeffects in few-body systems. Different parity-violating and parity-conserving asymmetries and theirdependence on neutron energy have been estimated for the n + 3He → 3H + p reaction. The estimated effectsare in a good agreement with available exact calculations.
Chaos And Universality In Two-Dimensional Ising Spin Glasses, Alan Middleton, Creighton K. Thomas, David A. Huse
Chaos And Universality In Two-Dimensional Ising Spin Glasses, Alan Middleton, Creighton K. Thomas, David A. Huse
Physics - All Scholarship
Recently extended precise numerical methods and droplet scaling arguments allow for a coherent picture of the glassy states of two-dimensional Ising spin glasses to be assembled. The length scale at which entropy becomes important and produces "chaos", the extreme sensitivity of the state to temperature, is found to depend on the type of randomness. For the $\pm J$ model this length scale dominates the low-temperature specific heat. Although there is a type of universality, some critical exponents do depend on the distribution of disorder.
Conjugated Quantum Dots Inhibit The Amyloid Β (1–42) Fibrillation Process, Garima Thakur, Miodrag Micic, Yuehai Yang, Wenzhi Li, Dania Movia, Silvia Giordani, Hongzhou Zhou, Roger M. Levlanc
Conjugated Quantum Dots Inhibit The Amyloid Β (1–42) Fibrillation Process, Garima Thakur, Miodrag Micic, Yuehai Yang, Wenzhi Li, Dania Movia, Silvia Giordani, Hongzhou Zhou, Roger M. Levlanc
Department of Physics
Nanoparticles have enormous potential in diagnostic and therapeutic studies. We have demonstrated that the amyloid beta mixed with and conjugated to dihydrolipoic acid- (DHLA) capped CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs) of size approximately 2.5 nm can be used to reduce the fibrillation process. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used as tools for analysis of fibrillation. There is a significant change in morphology of fibrils when amyloid β (1–42) (Aβ (1–42)) is mixed or conjugated to the QDs. The length and the width of the fibrils vary under modified conditions. Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence supports the decrease …
Respecting Tutorial Instructors’ Beliefs And Experiences: A Case Study Of A Physics Teaching Assistant, Renee Michelle Goertzen, Rachel E. Scherr, Andrew Elby
Respecting Tutorial Instructors’ Beliefs And Experiences: A Case Study Of A Physics Teaching Assistant, Renee Michelle Goertzen, Rachel E. Scherr, Andrew Elby
Department of Physics
Effective physics instruction benefits from respecting the physics ideas that introductory students bring into the classroom. We argue that it is similarly beneficial to respect the teaching ideas that novice physics instructors bring to their classrooms. We present a case study of a tutorial teaching assistant TA, Alan. When we first examined Alan’s teaching, we focused our attention on the mismatch between his actions and those advocated by the TA instructors. Further study showed us that Alan cared about helping his students and that his teaching was well integrated with his beliefs about how students learn physics and how teachers …
Photoionization Of The Potassium Isoelectronic Sequence: Ca+ And Transition Metal Ions, Ayao M. Sossah
Photoionization Of The Potassium Isoelectronic Sequence: Ca+ And Transition Metal Ions, Ayao M. Sossah
Physics and Astronomy Dissertations
Photoionization cross section calculations are performed for the ground ([Ne]3s23p63d 2D ) and the first two excited ([Ne]3s23p63d 2D and [Ne]3s23p64s 2S ) states of potassium-like transition metal ions (Sc+2, Ti+3, V+4, Cr+5, Mn+6, Fe+7), along with photoionization calculations for K-like Ca+ ions in the ground ([Ne]3s23p64s 2S ) state and the first two excited ([Ne]3s23p63d 2D and [Ne]3s23p63d 2D ) states. The discrete N-electron final state ion system orbitals are generated using the computer program AUTOSTRUCTURE; 24 configurations are included in the configuration-interaction (CI) calculation for transition metal ions, and 30 configurations for the case of Ca+ ions. The …
Pauli Spin Blockade And Lifetime-Enhanced Transport In A Si/Sige Double Quantum Dot, C. B. Simmons, Teck Seng Koh, Nakul Shaji, Madhu Thalakulam, L. J. Klein, Hua Qin, H. Luo, D. E. Savage, M. G. Lagally, A. J. Rimberg
Pauli Spin Blockade And Lifetime-Enhanced Transport In A Si/Sige Double Quantum Dot, C. B. Simmons, Teck Seng Koh, Nakul Shaji, Madhu Thalakulam, L. J. Klein, Hua Qin, H. Luo, D. E. Savage, M. G. Lagally, A. J. Rimberg
Dartmouth Scholarship
We analyze electron-transport data through a Si/SiGe double quantum dot in terms of spin blockade and lifetime-enhanced transport (LET), which is transport through excited states that is enabled by long spin-relaxation times. We present a series of low-bias voltage measurements showing the sudden appearance of a strong tail of current that we argue is an unambiguous signature of LET appearing when the bias voltage becomes greater than the singlet-triplet splitting for the (2,0) electron state. We present eight independent data sets, four in the forward-bias (spin-blockade) regime and four in the reverse-bias (lifetime-enhanced transport) regime and show that all eight …
Do Cosmological Perturbations Have Zero Mean?, Christian Armendariz-Picon
Do Cosmological Perturbations Have Zero Mean?, Christian Armendariz-Picon
Physics - All Scholarship
A central assumption in our analysis of cosmic structure is that cosmological perturbations have zero ensemble mean. This property is one of the consequences of statistically homogeneity, the invariance of correlation functions under spatial translations. In this article we explore whether cosmological perturbations indeed have zero mean, and thus test one aspect of statistical homogeneity. We carry out a classical test of the zero mean hypothesis against a class of alternatives in which perturbations have non-vanishing means, but homogeneous and isotropic covariances. Apart from Gaussianity, our test does not make any additional assumptions about the nature of the perturbations and …
Uncertainty Associated With Modeling The Global Ionosphere, Janelle V. Jenniges, Ariel O. Acebal, Larry Gardner, Robert W. Schunk, Lie Zhu
Uncertainty Associated With Modeling The Global Ionosphere, Janelle V. Jenniges, Ariel O. Acebal, Larry Gardner, Robert W. Schunk, Lie Zhu
Physics Student Research
A study has been conducted of the effect that different physical assumptions have on global models of the electron density distribution. The study was conducted with the Ionosphere Forecast Model (IFM) and the Ionosphere Plasmasphere Model (IPM) developed by Utah State University. Both physics-based, time-dependent, global models use the same empirical models for the neutral atmosphere (MSIS) and neutral wind (Horizontal Wind Model, HWM), but the altitude range, thermal structure, number of ion species, and magnetic 2ield are different. The IFM covers the altitude range from 90-1400 km, calculates the densities for four ions (NO+, O2+, N2+, O+), has a …
Nanoparticle Doped Photopolymer With Reduced Shrinkage For Holographic Recording, Mohesh Moothanchery, Svetlana Mintova, Izabela Naydenova, Vincent Toal
Nanoparticle Doped Photopolymer With Reduced Shrinkage For Holographic Recording, Mohesh Moothanchery, Svetlana Mintova, Izabela Naydenova, Vincent Toal
Conference Papers
We demonstrate holographic recording with Si-MFI zeolite doped acrylamide based photopolymerfilm. The influence of silicate nanoparticles on photopolymer shrinkage has been studied and compared withshrinkage in undoped photopolymer layers The shrinkage of the material (1.03%) is significantly lower forrecording in Si-MFI zeolite nanoparticle doped samples than for undoped layers (1.77%).
Air Shower Simulation Using Geant4 And Commodity Parallel Computing, L. Anchordoqui, G. Cooperman, V. Grinberg, T. Mccauley, T. Paul, S. Reucroft, J. Swain, G. Alverson
Air Shower Simulation Using Geant4 And Commodity Parallel Computing, L. Anchordoqui, G. Cooperman, V. Grinberg, T. Mccauley, T. Paul, S. Reucroft, J. Swain, G. Alverson
Gene D. Cooperman
We present an evaluation of a simulated cosmic ray shower, based on GEANT4 and TOP-C, which tracks all the particles in the shower. TOP-C (Task Oriented Parallel C) provides a framework for parallel algorithm development which makes tractable the problem of following each particle. This method is compared with a simulation program which employs the Hillas thinning algorithm.
Tunable Optical Delay In Doppler-Broadened Cesium Vapor, Monte D. Anderson
Tunable Optical Delay In Doppler-Broadened Cesium Vapor, Monte D. Anderson
Theses and Dissertations
Variable-delay tunable optical delay line or optical buffers are critical for the development of all-optical networks components as well as interferometry and analytic instruments. Recent research on slow light may hold the key for the development of the first practical tunable optical delay device. In this research the linear dispersion delay effects in an alkali vapor. The hyperfine relaxation observations present insight into the complex bleach wave dynamics during a high-intensity pulsed pump in DPAL systems.
Scattering Matrix Elements For The Nonadiabatic Collision B (2PJₐ) + H2 (1Σ+G, Ν, Ј) ↔ B (2PJ’ₐ) + H2 (1Σ+G, Ν’, J’)., Luke A. Barger
Scattering Matrix Elements For The Nonadiabatic Collision B (2PJₐ) + H2 (1Σ+G, Ν, Ј) ↔ B (2PJ’ₐ) + H2 (1Σ+G, Ν’, J’)., Luke A. Barger
Theses and Dissertations
Scattering matrix elements are calculated for the nonadiabatic inelastic collision B (2Pjₐ) + H2 (1Σ+g, ν, ј) ↔ B (2Pj’ₐ) + H2 (1Σ+g, ν’, j’). This calculation utilizes the effective potential energy surfaces for this collision generated by Garvin along with a correction to the asymptotic H2 potential. Wavepackets are propagated on these surfaces using a split-operator propagator. This propagation yields correlation functions between reactant and product Møller states which are used to calculate the scattering …
Erratum: Scaled Momentum Spectra In Deep Inelastic Scattering At Hera (Journal Of High Energy Physics (2010) 06 (009)), H. Abramowicz, I. Abt, L. Adamczyk, M. Adamus, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, A. Antonov, M. Arneodo, V. Aushev, Y. Aushev, O. Bachynska, A. Bamberger, A. N. Barakbaev, G. Barbagli, G. Bari, F. Barreiro, D. Bartsch, M. Basile, O. Behnke, J. Behr, U. Behrens, L. Bellagamba, A. Bertolin, S. Bhadra, M. Bindi, C. Blohm, T. Bołd, E. G. Boos, M. Borodin, K. Borras, D. Boscherini, Margarita C. K. Mattingly
Erratum: Scaled Momentum Spectra In Deep Inelastic Scattering At Hera (Journal Of High Energy Physics (2010) 06 (009)), H. Abramowicz, I. Abt, L. Adamczyk, M. Adamus, S. Antonelli, P. Antonioli, A. Antonov, M. Arneodo, V. Aushev, Y. Aushev, O. Bachynska, A. Bamberger, A. N. Barakbaev, G. Barbagli, G. Bari, F. Barreiro, D. Bartsch, M. Basile, O. Behnke, J. Behr, U. Behrens, L. Bellagamba, A. Bertolin, S. Bhadra, M. Bindi, C. Blohm, T. Bołd, E. G. Boos, M. Borodin, K. Borras, D. Boscherini, Margarita C. K. Mattingly
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Global Dimension Of Ci: Compete Or Collaborate, Arden L. Bement Jr.
Global Dimension Of Ci: Compete Or Collaborate, Arden L. Bement Jr.
PPRI Digital Library
No abstract provided.