Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Theory Of Transient Streaming Potentials Associated With Axial-Symmetric Flow In Unconfined Aquifers, Bwalya Malama, Kristopher L. Kuhlman, André Revil

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

We present a semi-analytical solution for the transient streaming potential response of an unconfined aquifer to continuous constant rate pumping. We assume that flow occurs without leakage from the unit below a transverse anisotropic aquifer and neglect flow in the unsaturated zone by treating the water-table as a moving material boundary. In the development of the solution to the streaming potential problem, we impose insulating boundary conditions at land surface and the lower boundary of the lower confining unit. We solve the problem exactly in the double Laplace—Hankel transform space and obtain the inverse transforms numerically. The solution is used …

Effects Of Composted And Raw Manure And Ammonium Sulfate Applications On The Chemical Properties Of The Soils At Chorro Creek Ranch, San Luis Obispo, Ca., Renee Nall,, Craig Stubler, Christopher Appel, Tanner Campbell, Jose Gomez, Nathan Lurie, Russell Morgan, J. J. Scurich

Earth and Soil Sciences

The majority of agricultural systems, especially large-scale, require inputs of nutrients. In addition, many large scale dairies produce vast quantities of waste that can be potentially recycled as nutrients. This study was conducted to determine the differences in properties of soils amended with manure, compost, and fertilizer, and to assess implications of using animal waste products for forage crop fertilization. Forage crops, wheat, barley, and oat mix have been grown on the Chorro Creek Ranch part of Cal Poly farmland, for 15 years. Ammonium sulfate fertilizer has been applied at a rate of 200 lbs/acre/year for the past 4 years. …

The Lick Agn Monitoring Project: Broad-Line Region Radii And Black Hole Masses From Reverberation Mapping Of HSs, Misty C. Bentz, Jonelle L. Walsh, Aaron J. Barth, Nairn Baliber, Vardha N. Bennert, Gabriela Canalizo, Alexei V. Filippenko, Mohan Ganeshalingam, Elinor L. Gates, Jenny E. Greene, Marton G. Hidas, Kyle D. Hiner, Nicholas Lee, Weidong Li, Matthew A. Malkan, Takeo Minezaki, Yu Sakata, Frank J.D. Serduke, Jeffrey M. Silverman, Thea N. Steele, Daniel Stern, Rachel A. Street, Carol E. Thornton, Tommaso Treu, Xiaofeng Wang, Jong-Hak Woo, Yuzuru Yoshii

Physics

We have recently completed a 64-night spectroscopic monitoring campaign at the Lick Observatory 3-m Shane telescope with the aim of measuring the masses of the black holes in 12 nearby (z < 0.05) Seyfert 1 galaxies with expected masses in the range ~10⁶-10⁷ M _☉ and also the well-studied nearby active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 5548. Nine of the objects in the sample (including NGC 5548) showed optical variability of sufficient strength during the monitoring campaign to allow for a time lag to be measured between the continuum fluctuations and the response to these fluctuations in the broad Hβ emission. We present here the light curves for all …

The Lick Agn Monitoring Project: Photometric Light Curves And Optical Variability Characteristics, Jonelle L. Walsh, Takeo Minezaki, Misty C. Bentz, Aaron J. Barth, Nairn Baliber, Weidong Li, Daniel Stern, Vardha Nicola Bennert, Timothy M. Brown, Gabriela Canalizo, Alexei V. Filippenko, Elinor L. Gates, Jenny E. Greene, Matthew A. Malkan, Yu Sakata, Rachel A. Street, Tommaso Treu, Jong-Hak Woo, Yuzuru Yoshii

Physics

The Lick AGN Monitoring Project targeted 13 nearby Seyfert 1 galaxies with the intent of measuring the masses of their central black holes using reverberation mapping. The sample includes 12 galaxies selected to have black holes with masses roughly in the range 10⁶-10⁷ M _☉, as well as the well-studied active galactic nucleus (AGN) NGC 5548. In conjunction with a spectroscopic monitoring campaign, we obtained broadband B and V images on most nights from 2008 February through 2008 May. The imaging observations were carried out by four telescopes: the 0.76 m Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope, the …

Galaxy Zoo Green Peas: Discovery Of A Class Of Compact Extremely Star-Forming Galaxies, Carolin Cardamone, Kevin Schawinski, Marc Sarzi, Steven P. Bamford, Vardha N. Bennert, C. M. Urry, Chris Lintott, William C. Keel, John Parejko, Robert C. Nichol, Daniel Thomas, Dan Andreescu, Phil Murray, M. Jordan Raddick, Anže Slosar, Alex Szalay, Jan Vandenberg

Physics

We investigate a class of rapidly growing emission line galaxies, known as ‘Green Peas’, first noted by volunteers in the Galaxy Zoo project because of their peculiar bright green colour and small size, unresolved in Sloan Digital Sky Survey imaging. Their appearance is due to very strong optical emission lines, namely [O iii]λ5007 Å, with an unusually large equivalent width of up to ∼1000 Å. We discuss a well-defined sample of 251 colour-selected objects, most of which are strongly star forming, although there are some active galactic nuclei interlopers including eight newly discovered narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies. The star-forming Peas …

Assessing The Merits Of The Ctbt, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the nonproliferation regime have been weakened; perhaps no other issue demonstrates this as dramatically as the status of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), the ratification of which the U.S. Senate rejected in October 1999. Despite the U.S. rejection, the test ban has strong international support—the most recent vote to promote the CTBT in the UN General Assembly passed overwhelmingly, with 175 votes to 1 (the United States) and three abstentions. The Obama administration favors U.S. ratification of the CTBT, but this is no guarantee that Washington will ratify the test ban. …

Altruistic Task Allocation Despite Unbalanced Relationships Within Multi-Robot Communities, Ryan Morton, George A. Bekey, Christopher M. Clark

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Typical Multi-Robot Systems consist of robots cooperating to maximize global fitness functions. However, in some scenarios, the set of interacting robots may not share common goals and thus the concept of a global fitness function becomes invalid. This work examines Multi-Robot Communities(MRC), in which individual robots have independent goals. Within the MRC context, we present a task allocation architecture that optimizes individual robot fitness functions over long time horizons using reciprocal altruism.

Previous work has shown that reciprocating altruistic relationships can evolve between two willing robots, using market-based task auctions, while still protecting against selfish robots aiming to exploit …

Fire On The Landscape: Current Policies And A Changing Climate Lead Toward Higher Costs, More Severe Wildfire, Christopher Dicus

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

No abstract provided.

Challenges To Educating The Next Generation Of Wildland Fire Professionals In The United States, Leda N. Kobziar, Monique E. Rocca, Christopher Dicus, Chad Hoffman, Neil Sugihara, Andrea E. Thode, J. Morgan Varner, Penelope Morgan

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

Over the last 20 years, the duties of US fire professionals have become more complex and risk laden because of fuel load accumulation, climate change, and the increasing wildland-urban interface. Incorporation of fire use and ecological principles into fire management policies has further expanded the range of expertise and knowledge required of fire professionals. The educational and training systems that produce these professionals, however, have been slow to organize an updated and coordinated approach to preparing future practitioners. Consequently, aspiring fire professionals face numerous challenges related to scheduling conflicts, limited higher education programs in fire science, lack of coordination between …

Galaxy Zoo: ‘Hanny's Voorwerp’, A Quasar Light Echo?, Chris J. Lintott, Kevin Schawinski, William Keel, Hanny Van Arkel, Nicola Bennert, Edward Edmondson, Daniel Thomas, Daniel J.B. Smith, Peter D. Herbert, Matt J. Jarvis, Shanil Virani, Dan Andreescu, Steven P. Bamford, Kate Land, Phil Murray, Robert C. Nichol, M. Jordan Raddick, Anže Slosar, Alex Azalay, Jan Vandenberg

Physics

We report the discovery of an unusual object near the spiral galaxy IC 2497, discovered by visual inspection of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) as part of the Galaxy Zoo project. The object, known as Hanny's Voorwerp, is bright in the SDSS g band due to unusually strong [O iii]4959, 5007 emission lines. We present the results of the first targeted observations of the object in the optical, ultraviolet and X-ray, which show that the object contains highly ionized gas. Although the line ratios are similar to extended emission-line regions near luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN), the source of …

Input To The Nas Ctbt Study, David Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

De Vries Behavior In Smectics Near A Biaxiality Induced Smectic A - Smectic C Tricritical Point, Karl Saunders

Physics

We show that a generalized Landau theory for the smectic A and C phases exhibits a biaxiality induced AC tricritical point. Proximity to this tricritical point depends on the degree of orientational order in the system; for sufficiently large orientational order the AC transition is 3D XY-like, while for sufficiently small orientational order, it is either tricritical or 1st order. We investigate each of the three types of AC transitions near tricriticality and show that for each type of transition, small orientational order implies de Vries behavior in the layer spacing, an unusually small layer contraction. This result is consistent …

Complete Findings: Survey On Public Opinions And Attitudes On Outdoor Recreation In California: 2009, Arnold Schwarzeneggar, Mike Chrisman, Ruth Coleman, William W. Hendricks

Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences

A Statewide Comprehensive Outdoor Recreation Plan (SCORP) is required of every state in order to be eligible for grants from the Land and Water Conservation Fund Act. The LWCF Act requires the SCORP to include the following: a) the name of the state agency with authority to act for California in dealing with the Secretary of the Interior for the purposes of the LWCF Act, b) an evaluation of the demand for and supply of the outdoor recreation resources and facilities in the state, c) a program for the implementation of the Plan, d) certification by the governor that ample …

Toward Automating Requirements Satisfaction Assessment, E. Ashlee Holbrook, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This paper introduces the automation of satisfaction assessment: the process of determining the satisfaction mapping of natural language textual requirements to natural language design elements. Satisfaction assessment is useful because it assists in discovering unsatisfied requirements early in the lifecycle when such issues can be corrected with lower cost and impact than later. We define the basic terms and concepts for this process and explore the feasibility of developing baseline methods for its automation. This paper describes the satisfaction assessment approach algorithmically and then evaluates the effectiveness of two proposed information retrieval (IR) methods in two industrial studies - one …

Ctbt Evasion Scenarios: Possible Or Probable?, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Proceedings Of The Scheme And Functional Programming Workshop, John Clements (Editor)

Computer Science and Software Engineering

This volume contains the papers of the tenth annual Workshop on Scheme and Functional Programming, held August 22nd at Northeastern University in close proximity to the Symposium in honor of Mitchell Wand.

Using Bpm As An Interoperability Platform, Dennis Taylor, Hisham Assal, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Data mediation is an essential component in the Modeling and Simulation field (M&S). Managing multiple data sources and exchanging data among multiple systems requires sophisticated tools and a powerful process management system. Business Process Management (BPM) provides a framework for modeling and managing business activities, both manual and automated, in a consistent manner. Managing automated processes offers an opportunity to integrate external applications into the platform. By integrating automated data transformation tools into the business processes using graphical programming, we provide an approach to achieve operational interoperability among diverse applications without the need for any application to be aware of …

Conveyance Estimator Ontology: Conceptual Models And Object Models, Xiaoshan Pan, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

This paper proposes the construction of a Conceptual Model as a logical step prior to the preparation of the Object Model of an ontology to facilitate the design and development of software systems in which a high-level internal representation of context supports some intelligent capabilities. The intent of the Conceptual Model is to be expressive for human interpretation utilizing descriptions that are readily understood by laypersons, subject matter experts, and software developers who may be concerned with only a particular portion of the software system. The intent of the Object Model (as a subset of an ontology) is to be …

Increasing The Expressiveness Of Owl Through Procedural Attachments, Dennis Taylor, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

The purpose of this paper is to provide an introduction to the OWL Web ontology language, a survey focused on the current state of the art in OWL inferencing capabilities, and a historical perspective on procedural attachments. The perspective is aligned with current OWL research. Several limitations of the OWL language and proposed extensions to overcome these limitations are discussed. A framework that provides empirical testing support for evaluating the effects of procedural attachments to the OWL inferencing capabilities is outlined. The examples presented suggest that it is possible to provide rule-based extensibility support for OWL that does not limit …

Pre-Conference Proceedings Of The Focus Symposium On Knowledge Management Systems, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

No abstract provided.

The Representation Of Context In Computer Software, Hisham Assal, Kym Pohl, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

Computers do not have the equivalent of a human cognitive system and therefore store data simply as the numbers and words that are entered into the computer. For a computer to interpret data it requires an information structure that provides at least some level of context. This can be accomplished utilizing an ontology of objects with characteristics, semantic behavior, and a rich set of relationships to create a virtual version of real world situations and provide the context within which intelligent logic (e.g., agents) can automatically operate.

This paper discusses the process of developing ontologies that serve to …

Intelligent Information Management Tools In A Service-Oriented Software Environment, Jens G. Pohl

Collaborative Agent Design (CAD) Research Center

This paper draws attention to the increasing need for agile and adaptive software environments that are capable of supporting rapid re-planning during the execution of time-critical operations involving commercial end-to-end supply chain transaction sequences, as well as disaster response and military missions. It is argued that such environments are currently best served by information-centric software tools executing within a service-oriented paradigm. Service-oriented architecture (SOA) design concepts and principles are described, with a focus on the functions of the services management framework (SMF) and enterprise service bus (ESB) components. Differentiating between data-centric and information-centric services, it is suggested that only intelligent …

De Vries Behavior Of The Electroclinic Effect In The Smectic-A* Phase Near A Biaxiality-Induced Smectic-A*–Smectic-C* Tricritical Point, Karl Saunders

Physics

Using a generalized Landau theory involving orientational, layering, tilt, and biaxial order parameters we analyze the smectic-A* and smectic-C* (Sm-A*-Sm-C*) transitions, showing that a combination of small orientational order and large layering order leads to Sm-A*-Sm-C* transitions that are either continuous and close to tricriticality or first order. The model predicts that in such systems the increase in birefringence upon entry to the Sm-C* phase will be especially rapid. It also predicts that the change in layer spacing at the Sm-A*-Sm-C* transition will be proportional to the orientational order. These are two hallmarks of Sm-A*-Sm-C* transitions in de Vries materials. …

Nuclear Testing And Proliferation – An Inextricable Connection, Thomas Graham Jr., David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Capabilities Of The Ims Seismic Auxiliary Network, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Ctbt Space-Based Monitoring: Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar And National Technical Means, David W. Hafemeister

Physics

No abstract provided.

Towards Traceable Test-Driven Development, Jane Huffman Hayes, Alex Dekhtyar, David S. Janzen

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Key among the grand challenges in traceability are those that lead to achieving traceability as a by-product of the natural software development life cycle. This position paper profiles test-driven development (TDD), an emerging software development practice, in which automated tests and code satisfying them are developed in rapid succession over multiple iterations. Our position is that the nature of TDD offers unique opportunities for collecting traceability information throughout the TDD life cycle and that the provision of traceability information to the software developers during TDD will improve the process and the resulting software. We discuss the opportunities, challenges, and plans …

Chiral Sedimentation Of Extended Objects In Viscous Media, Nathan W. Krapf, Thomas A. Witten, Nathan C. Keim

Physics

We study theoretically the chirality of a generic rigid object’s sedimentation in a fluid under gravity in the low Reynolds number regime. We represent the object as a collection of small Stokes spheres or stokeslets and the gravitational force as a constant point force applied at an arbitrary point of the object. For a generic configuration of stokeslets and forcing point, the motion takes a simple form in the nearly free draining limit where the stokeslet radius is arbitrarily small. In this case, the internal hydrodynamic interactions between stokeslets are weak, and the object follows a helical path while rotating …

Memory-Encoding Vibrations In A Disconnecting Air Bubble, Laura E. Schmidt, Nathan C. Keim, Wendy W. Zhang, Sidney R. Nagel

Physics

Many nonlinear processes, such as the propagation of waves over an ocean or the transmission of light pulses down an optical fibre1, are integrable in the sense that the dynamics has as many conserved quantities as there are independent variables. The result is a time evolution that retains a complete memory of the initial state. In contrast, the nonlinear dynamics near a finite-time singularity, in which physical quantities such as pressure or velocity diverge at a point in time, is believed to evolve towards a universal form, one independent of the initial state2. The break-up of a water drop in …

Evaluating Test-Driven Development In An Industry-Sponsored Capstone Project, John Huan Vu, Niklas Frojd, Clay Shenkel-Therolf, David S. Janzen

Computer Science and Software Engineering

Test-Driven Development (TDD) is an agile development process wherein automated tests are created before production code is designed or constructed in short, rapid iterations. This paper discusses an experiment conducted with undergraduate students in a year-long software engineering capstone course. In this course the students designed, implemented, deployed, and maintained a software system to meet the requirements of an industry sponsor who served as the customer. The course followed an incremental process in which features were added incrementally under the direction of the industry sponsor and the professor. The fourteen students observed in the study were divided into three teams. …