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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Synthesis, Characterization, And Applications Of Novel Pseudostationary Phases In Micellar Capillary Electrophoresis For Separation Of Chiral And Archiral Compounds H[Electronic Resource], Cevdet Akbay
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The research presented in this dissertation involves the synthesis, characterization, and the use of novel surfactants, including both micelles and vesicles, as pseudostationary phases in micellar capillary electrophoresis (MCE) for the separation of achiral and chiral compounds. Separation of environmental pollutants such as 2 to 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was achieved using poly(sodium undecylenic sulfate). A baseline separation of all 16 PAHs was possible for the first time in MCE by a single-surfactant system. In addition, a surfactant with a phosphated head group, i.e., di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate (DEHP), was also introduced as a novel pseudostationary phase for separation of 21 weakly …
The Synthesis Of New Biotin Derivatives And Their Bioactivity, Latisha Chanette Johnson
The Synthesis Of New Biotin Derivatives And Their Bioactivity, Latisha Chanette Johnson
LSU Master's Theses
Biotin is an essential growth factor found in all living cells. It functions as a cofactor for a group of coenzymes that catalyze transcarboxylation, decarboxylation, and carboxylation reactions. Acetyl CoA carboxylase catalyzes the first committed and regulated step in fatty acid synthesis in which malonyl CoA is the product. The biotin-dependent enzyme is found in all animals, plants, and bacteria. We studied the kinetic and structural aspects of acetyl CoA carboxylase, and in 1999 we reported the bioactivity and total synthesis of a unique first generation biotin-derived inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase, 1(BP1). Kinetic studies on the activity of E. …
Precursors For Copper Chemical Vapor Deposition, Muna Bufaroosha
Precursors For Copper Chemical Vapor Deposition, Muna Bufaroosha
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The main objective of this study was to synthesize precursors that are capable of producing copper films of high quality by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). We investigated some copper(I) and copper(II) complexes as precursors for chemical or photochemical vapor deposition. In chapter 2, we synthesized a series of Cu(hfac)2(amine) adducts, where hfac- is hexafluoroacetylacetonate and the amines are: dimethylamine, isopropylamine, allylamine, pyrrolidine, and piperidine. The efficiency of these adducts compared to Cu(hfac)2(H2O) as Cu-CVD precursors was examined under hydrogen. We found that among these amine adducts, Cu(hfac)2(allylamine)2 gave the best …
Mode Specific Photoionization Dynamics In Polyatomic Molecules, Gerald Jeffery Rathbone
Mode Specific Photoionization Dynamics In Polyatomic Molecules, Gerald Jeffery Rathbone
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The work presented in this dissertation presents new work on polyatomic photoionization. In these investigations, the broad range behavior of both allowed and forbidden vibrational modes in linear triatomic systems were studied to understand mode specific aspects of photoionization. The current study is made possible by the experimental strategy of exploiting high resolution photoelectron spectroscopy and the high brightness of third generation synchrotron radiation sources. The data is taken typically tens of eV’s past the ionization potential. The strategy that I employ is to probe alternative vibrational modes which are frequently affected differently following resonant ionization. Such vibrationally resolved data …
The Ligase Detection Reaction: The Evolution Of A Mutation Detection Strategy, Hannah D. Farquar
The Ligase Detection Reaction: The Evolution Of A Mutation Detection Strategy, Hannah D. Farquar
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Early detection of genetic mutations is important for control of diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's. Early detection requires methods that detect small amounts of mutated DNA in very large amounts of normal or wild type DNA. One method to detect mutated DNA is the ligase detection reaction (LDR). Since its inception LDR has evolved greatly from a simple detection reaction after PCR amplification to PCR/RE/LDR, a scheme which uses nucleoside base analogs in PCR to convert wild type sequences to sequences containing restriction endonuclease (RE) sites which can then be cleaved leaving only mutant sequences for detection by LDR. …
Peroxynitrite-Mediated Oxidations: Nitration And Nitrosation, Rachel Bolzan
Peroxynitrite-Mediated Oxidations: Nitration And Nitrosation, Rachel Bolzan
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Using a direct ultraviolet second-derivative spectroscopy method, three peroxynitrite preparative methods were investigated for the nitrite and nitrate present either as impurities or produced during peroxynitrite decomposition: (I) ozonation of azide, reaction of hydrogen peroxide with (II) isoamyl nitrite and (III) nitrous acid. The oxidation of morpholine by peroxynitrite in the presence and absence of added carbonate gives N-nitromorpholine and N-nitrosomorpholine. Nitration and nitrosation of morpholine are catalyzed by low levels of CO2; however, excess CO2 dramatically reduces the yields of nitrosation but not nitration, and the combined yields of the products are about the same under …
Artificial Peptides Containing Ca,A- Disubstituted Amino Acids: Synthesis, Conformational Studies, And Application As Β-Strand Mimics, Yanwen Fu
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Short peptides containing Cα,α-dipropylglycine (Dpg) at alternating sequence positions were synthesized and examined for conformational behavior. Peptide assembly was performed using Fmoc-solid-phase chemistry where the coupling with PyAOP could be significantly enhanced at elevated temperature. Circular dichroism (CD) and NMR conformational studies revealed that incorporation of Dpg residues induced folded structures into peptides. It was observed that Dpg residues adopted helical conformation in a helix-promoting sequence. The resulting helical structure was comprised of consecutive β-turns whose structure was stabilized by salt bridge in aqueous solution. In this study, the preparation of sterically and polyfunctional Cα,α-disubstituted amino …
Synthesis And Properties Of Novel Macrocycles And Related Chromophoric Benzenoid Compounds, Jorge O. Escobedo Cordova
Synthesis And Properties Of Novel Macrocycles And Related Chromophoric Benzenoid Compounds, Jorge O. Escobedo Cordova
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The synthesis and properties of some macrocyclic compounds of interest are presented. Resorcinarenes with functionalized conjugated rigid rods made of oligo-p-phenylenes would lead to an entirely new class of functional, soluble, well-defined architectures impacting a variety of multidisciplinary research efforts. The general synthetic design described in this document could be readly extrapolated to include other electronic systems such as heteroaromatics and polyenes. An extensive collaborative study of chromophore formation in resorcinarene solutions is also described here. The study reveals that upon oxidation, the reversible conversion to acyclic precursors occur first, and then these precursors undergo oxidation to quinoid-type compounds (xanthenes). …
Fabricating Microfluidic Devices In Polymers For Bioanalytica Applications, Sean M. Ford
Fabricating Microfluidic Devices In Polymers For Bioanalytica Applications, Sean M. Ford
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The research presented in this document focuses on the fabrication, characterization and application of microfluidic systems fabricated in poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with the emphasis focused on the fabrication processing steps. Microfluidic devices were produced in PMMA using X-ray lithography. The fabrication methods investigated were sacrificial mask, polyimide membrane mask and embossing techniques. PMMA microfluidic devices fabricated using X-ray lithography were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and optical microscopy, while analytical techniques such as electroosmotic flow determination, separations, and fluorescent microscopy were used to characterize fluid transport in these devices. A novel method for the heat annealing of PMMA to …
Electronic And Structural Properties Of Rare Gas Cation Clusters, Jose Alejandro Gascon
Electronic And Structural Properties Of Rare Gas Cation Clusters, Jose Alejandro Gascon
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
We study structure and ground and excited state properties of rare gas cation clusters, Rg+N, for N=3-60. The main goal is to understand how the positive charge is delocalized over the cluster and the relationship between cluster geometry and delocalization. He+N, Ar+N, and Xe+N are selected as representatives of the rare gas elements. We perform Monte Carlo simulations to obtain finite temperature properties of the energy spectrum. The Hamiltonian of the system is based on a semi-empirical model whose parameters are obtained through the fitting of experimental and calculated …
Capillary And Microdevice Electrophoretic Tools For Genetic Analyses: Heteroduplex Analysis For Tuberculosis Drug Susceptibility And Ligase Detection Reaction For Colorectal Cancer Detection, Gloria Thomas
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The traditional format of electrophoresis, the slab gel, is quickly being replaced by capillary and microdevice platforms, which offer improvements in cost, resolution, speed, quantitation and automation in genetic analyses. These techniques also employ a variety of separation matrices while the slab gel is limited to agarose and polyacrylamide. The research presented here explores the use of these electrophoretic formats for the detection of single nucleotide mutations using two genetic models associated with human disease. Slab gel based heteroduplex analysis (HDA), a popular mutation scanning method, uses a specially designed universal heteroduplex generator (UHG) containing controlled variation to enhance the …
Synthesis And Study Of New Materials For The Visual Detection Of Biomolecules, Ming He
Synthesis And Study Of New Materials For The Visual Detection Of Biomolecules, Ming He
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
The visual determination of saccharides has been of interest for well over a century. Sugars are a relatively challenging class of compounds to analyze. They exhibit great structural similarity as well as transparency in the visible region. The sensing of specific saccharides could aid the monitoring of disease or industrial fermentation products. Herein I present new methods allowing for simple and rapid visual detection of sialic acid, fructose and a homologous series of prototypical neutral oligosaccharides, the linear maltodextrins, containing up to seven glucose residues. The new methods allow for selective color detection of fructose in a large excess of …
The Radiation-Induced Degradation Of Poly(Diene Sulfones) As X-Ray Resists, Gina Marie Calderon
The Radiation-Induced Degradation Of Poly(Diene Sulfones) As X-Ray Resists, Gina Marie Calderon
LSU Master's Theses
The microlithographic process, essential in the fabrication of silicon chip integrated circuits, uses high-energy radiation to transfer a pattern onto a thin film of polymer resist. Pattern transfer occurs by modifying the properties (solubility or volatility) of the polymer film exposed to radiation. Poly(olefin sulfones) exhibit a high sensitivity to x-rays, which is a desirable property for polymer resists, but typically undergo a glass transition around room temperature and a thermal degradation at moderate temperatures. The thermal properties of the poly(olefin sulfones) reduce the processing latitude for industrial microelectronics applications. Poly(unsaturated olefin sulfones) containing a carbon-carbon double bond in the …
X-Ray Spectroscopy Of Geometrically Constrained Systems, Edward Earl Doomes
X-Ray Spectroscopy Of Geometrically Constrained Systems, Edward Earl Doomes
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Hard X-rays (2 KeV or greater) are used as spectroscopic tools in the characterization of chemical systems. X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy is used to characterize multiple groups of chemicals in a systematic fashion. This thesis focuses on chemical systems that in some context have geometrical constraints on their structure. They include self-assembled n-alkanethiol monolayers that are tethered to silver substrates, cyclic sulfides, and (Bis(diphenylphosphino) alkane tetracarbonyl metal complexes. The study of n-alkanethiol monolayers on Ag(111) contains the first observation in the literature of an anomalous resonance in the 18 carbon monolayer. A new interpretation of a subthreshold …