Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Transgenic Crops: An Environmental Assessment, David E. Ervin, Sandra S. Batie, Rick Welsh, Chantal L. Carpentier, Jacqueline I. Fern, Nessa J. Richman, Mary A. Schulz

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The report focuses on the environmental impacts of transgenic crops, and covers biosafety regulations in the US and EU, intellectual property rights, and market and trade developments.

Theoretical Basis For The Ce-Qual-W2 River Basin Model, Scott A. Wells, Thomas M. Cole

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The primary objective of this research is to integrate a riverine model into the existing W2 code that would provide the capability for modeling entire watersheds. This task was accomplished by the following steps:

• Formal derivation of governing equations and solution algorithm with general channel slope

• Detailed analysis of algorithm for linking branches and smooth implementation of boundary conditions between branches

• Algorithm development and changes to basic model code (including branch definitions with slope, slope correction to solution algorithm, transfer of momentum between internal branches)

These tasks were performed with the following constraints and initiatives:

• Utilize …

Ce-Qual-W2, Version 3, Scott A. Wells, Thomas M. Cole

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

CE-QUAL-W2 is a two-dimensional water quality and hydrodynamic code supported by the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (Cole and Buchak 1995). The model has been widely applied to stratified surface water systems such as lakes, reservoirs, and estuaries and computes water levels, horizontal and vertical velocities, temperature, and 21 other water quality parameters (such as dissolved oxygen, nutrients, organic matter, algae, pH, the carbonate cycle, bacteria, and dissolved and suspended solids). A typical model grid is shown in Figure 1 where the vertical axis is aligned with gravity.

This technical note documents the development of CE-QUAL-W2, Version 3, …

Multiple Source Pools And Dispersal Barriers For Galápagos Plant Species Distribution, J. Alan Yeakley, John F. Weishampel

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

We reexamined geographic factors explaining the number of plant species on islands in the Galápagos Archipelago. We hypothesized that plant species richness (S) was related to the number of source pools and that plant species dispersal preferentially followed direct, oceanic pathways. To test different dispersal pathways from multiple source pools, the total number of islands within a given dispersal radius (i) was posed as the sum of the number of line-of-sight islands (C_i) and of the number of islands without line-of sight connection (B_i). In partial regression analyses, controlling for nearest island area (A₂) …

Smart For One, Dumb For All. Review Of: Luxury Fever: Why Money Fails To Satisfy In An Era Of Excess By Robert H. Frank, Robert Costanza

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

Book review of Luxury Fever: Why Money Fails to Satisfy in an Era of Excess. Robert H. Frank. Free Press, New York, 1999.

Portable Wood Burning Field Stove: United States Patent, John B. Hall

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

The ornamental design for a portable wood burning field stove.

Managing Our Environmental Portfolio, Robert Costanza, Herman E. Daly, Carl Folke, Paul Hawken, C. S. Holling, A. J. Mcmichael, David Pimentel, David Rapport

Institute for Sustainable Solutions Publications and Presentations

No set of issues has tended to separate economists and ecologists, especially in the mind of the public, more than those surrounding the linkages between economic growth, human carrying capacity, and the environment. The general lack of interest among the majority of economists in problems of the environment and a parallel lack of interest among the majority of ecologists in economic issues, combined with a lack of dialogue between the two groups, has allowed extreme positions to take hold in the public debate and to influence policy to an inordinate degree.

Survey Of Aquatic Plants In Corps Of Engineers Reservoirs, Kimberly D. Walker, Mark D. Sytsma

Center for Lakes and Reservoirs Publications and Presentations

A survey of aquatic plants in a selected Corps of Engineers reservoirs in Oregon was conducted. Cottage Grove, Dorena, Fern Ridge, Dexter and Willow Creek Reservoirs contained abundant aquatic plants. Potamogeton pectinatus and Potamogeton epihydrous were the most common native plant species. Myriophyllum aquaticum and Potamogeton crispus were the most widespread nonnative plants. Species richness in the reservoirs was correlated with trophic status and basin morphology. Shallow reservoirs that included extensive areas of nutrient-rich sediments that were historic flood plain soils supported the greatest biomass and number of species. Mesotrophic reservoirs had lower species diversity. Oligotrophic reservoirs with steep basin …

Variation Of Constitutive Model Formulation On Analytical Cake Filtration Models, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

Constitutive properties are required to model porosity, effective stress, porewater pressure, or permeability during cake filtration. By using an analytical cake filtration model based on Tiller (1975) with various constitutive property formulations, predictions of effective stress, permeability, and porosity distributions in a filter cake can be made. This analytical approach was only valid when spatially average values of porosity and pressure differential were constant over time. Several different constitutive property formulations were compared to data of effective stress and permeability as a function of porosity for kaolin clay in water. Also the spatial distribution of porosity in a filter cake …

An Analysis Of Pteropus Livingstonii Roost Habitat: Indicators For Forest Conservation On Anjouan And Moheli, Elise F. Granek

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Livingstone's fruit bat (Pteropus livingstonii) is an endangered and endemic species found only on the islands of Anjouan and Mohéli, Comoros. A study was conducted into the habitats selected by P. livingstonii, as part of a project to assess areas for nature reserves which will be able to protect and conserve forest resources in the islands; the bat is postulated to be a useful indicator of undisturbed forest. Known roost sites (n=9) before the survey were between 500 and 1100 m altitude, on steeply sloping land, with some indigenous forest cover present. Thirteen new potential roost sites were identified, of …

Ce-Qual-W2 Version 3: Hydrodynamic And Water Quality River Basin Modeling, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

CE-QUAL-W2 is a two-dimensional (longitudinal-vertical) water quality and hydrodynamic computer simulation model that was originally developed for deep, long, and narrow waterbodies. The current model, Version 2, has been used in over 200 river, reservoir/lake, and estuary applications throughout the U.S. and abroad. Version 2, though, cannot accommodate systems that have a significant sloping water surface since the vertical coordinate system is aligned with gravity and vertical accelerations are neglected. The governing equations for CE-QUAL-W2 were re-derived so that it could be applied to entire river basins including river-estuary, lake-river, and reservoir-river systems with channel slopes. This re-derivation is one …

Conservation Des Habitats De Roussettes De Livingstone – Les Massifs Forestiers D’Anjouan Et Moheli, Comores: Utilisation D’Indicateurs Sociaux Et Ecologiques, Elise F. Granek

Environmental Science and Management Faculty Publications and Presentations

Le déboisement sur les lles d'Anjouan et Moheli a augmenté a un taux alarmant au cours de ce siecle (PNUD 1998). Ce changement de la couverture des sols et des forets naturelles a des consequences nefastes pour toutes les especes vivant sur les iles, en particulier pour les especes vegetales et animales endemiques, et les communautes humaines locales. Pour diminuer la pression anthropique sur Ie milieu naturel, le Fonds pour l'Environnement Mondial et Ie PNUD ont mis en place un projet de cinq ans qui travaille avec Ie Ministere comorien de l'Environnement pour creer un reseau d'aires protegees dans les …

Variability In Winter Mass Balance Of Northern Hemisphere Glaciers And Relations With Atmospheric Circulation, Gregory J. Mccabe, Andrew G. Fountain, Mark Dyurgerov

Geography Faculty Publications and Presentations

An analysis of variability in the winter mass balance (WMB) of 22 glaciers in the Northern Hemisphere indicates two primary modes of variability that explain 46% of the variability among all glaciers. The first mode of variability characterizes WMB variability in Northern and Central Europe and the second mode primarily represents WMB variability in northwestern North America, but also is related to variability in WMB of one glacier in Europe and one in Central Asia. These two modes of WMB variability are explained by variations in mesoscale atmospheric circulation which are driving forces of variations in surface temperature and precipitation. …

A Determination Of Parentage, Mating System, And Genetic Diversity In A Captive Population Of The Straw-Colored Fruit Bat (Eidolon Helvum), Jan Zinck

Dissertations and Theses

Small populations tend to lose genetic variability. The magnitude of this loss is influenced by the number of founding individuals, the genetic diversity of the founders, and the species mating system. Genetic variability is the basis of adaptive evolution, and the loss of genetic variability may have harmful effects on development, growth, and survival. Therefore, a primary management goal for small, captive populations is the retention of genetic variability. Of considerable importance to conservation biology is the determination of parentage, from which mating, genetic, and demographic information can be derived. Microsatellites provide a robust molecular evolutionary tool for the study …

Modeling The Bull Run River-Reservoir System, Scott A. Wells

Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Publications and Presentations

The City of Portland, Water Bureau currently operates 2 Bull Run reservoirs, Reservoir #2 and Reservoir #1 as a water supply source in the Bull Run watershed shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. The Water Bureau wants to operate their water supply system in order to meet both water supply objectives and fish habitat objectives downstream of the Bull Run reservoirs in Bull Run River. In addition, a third Bull Run reservoir has been proposed as an additional water supply source. This reservoir also may be used to meet water supply and fish habitat objectives in Bull Run River. …