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Lead-Free Gunshot Residues As Forensic Evidence, Lashaundra A. Fambro

Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses

The analysis of gunshot residue (GSR) has been forensically relevant for many years and several methods are well characterized in scientific literature. However, the manufacture and distribution of lead-free alternatives to small caliber firearms ammunition is increasing rapidly as these types of rounds are more environmentally friendly and safer for use in indoor shooting ranges. Removing lead-containing compounds (e.g., lead styphnate) from the primer mixture eliminates a significant chemical marker vital to the legal precedent governing GSR analysis. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard ASTM E1588-95 is no longer applicable to such residues. With this emerging market, …