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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Dynamics And Speciation Of Arsenic In Drinking Water Wells In Eastern Wisconsin, Evvan Plank Dec 2019

The Dynamics And Speciation Of Arsenic In Drinking Water Wells In Eastern Wisconsin, Evvan Plank

Theses and Dissertations

Arsenic typically develops in Eastern Wisconsin groundwater as a result of oxidation of sulfide bearing minerals in the limestone bedrock (Schreiber et al. 2000). Naturally occurring arsenic exists in groundwater as oxyanions which have two oxidation states, As(III) and As(V). Under ambient pH conditions As(V) is primarily present as an anion (i.e., H2AsO4-) while As(III) tends to be uncharged (i.e., H3AsO3), making it much more difficult to remove through the existing treatment techniques such as adsorption and reverse osmosis (RO). Although many studies exist establishing arsenic concentrations across Wisconsin, there is a lack of investigations into the concentrations of each …


Sedimentological And Geochemical Analysis Of Deep-Water Deposits In The Mojón De Hierro Formation At Arroyo Garrido, Tepuel-Genoa Basin, Patagonia, Argentina, Natalie Beatrice Mcnall Aug 2019

Sedimentological And Geochemical Analysis Of Deep-Water Deposits In The Mojón De Hierro Formation At Arroyo Garrido, Tepuel-Genoa Basin, Patagonia, Argentina, Natalie Beatrice Mcnall

Theses and Dissertations

The Earth has had multiple Phanerozoic glacial intervals but the Late Paleozoic Ice Age (LPIA) was its longest and most extensive, lasting from the Late Devonian (~372 Ma) until the Late Permian (~254 Ma). The LPIA is the last complete climate shift from a greenhouse to icehouse and back to a greenhouse state and the only one to occur on a biologically complex Earth. Therefore, it provides perspectives on deep-time climatic transitions, the parameters controlling them, and the Earth’s physical, chemical and biological responses to such climate changes. Research on mid to high-latitude deposits in Gondwana provides evidence that the …


Testing The Late Paleozoic Ice Volume Paradox In The Southernmost Paraná Basin, Brazil, Nicholas David Fedorchuk May 2019

Testing The Late Paleozoic Ice Volume Paradox In The Southernmost Paraná Basin, Brazil, Nicholas David Fedorchuk

Theses and Dissertations

The late Paleozoic ice age (LPIA; ~372-259 Ma) was the last complete transition from icehouse to greenhouse conditions on a fully vegetated Earth, making it a relevant analog for modern Earth systems. High frequency glacioeustatic fluctuation of ~100-200 m during the late Paleozoic are described by some authors in low paleolatitude basins and attributed to the orbitally-driven, waxing and waning of a massive (~20-35 x 106 km2) hypothetical ice sheet. This massive ice sheet is traditionally interpreted to have covered much of southern Gondwana for >100 m.y. Meanwhile, recent studies of high-paleolatitude glacial deposits imply a much more complex pattern …


Anthropogenically Driven Changes To Shallow Groundwater In Southeastern Wisconsin And Its Effects On The Aquifer Microbial Communities, Madeline Jean Salo May 2019

Anthropogenically Driven Changes To Shallow Groundwater In Southeastern Wisconsin And Its Effects On The Aquifer Microbial Communities, Madeline Jean Salo

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates if, and to what extent, the microbial community present in the shallow groundwater of southeastern Wisconsin is affected by the influx of treated municipal wastewater effluent. The primary study area consisted of three wells located in the shallow sand and gravel aquifer along the upper Fox River in Waukesha, Wisconsin. One well is located roughly 1500 feet from the river and pumps pristine groundwater. Two riverbank inducement wells are located within 200 feet of the river and pump a mixture of groundwater and river water that contains effluent from three upstream wastewater treatment plants. Water from all …


Incorporation, Morphology, And Extinction Of Framework-Building Metazoans In Early Cambrian Reef Ecosystems From The Western Usa And Mongolia And Their Effects On Reef Diversity, David Russell Cordie May 2019

Incorporation, Morphology, And Extinction Of Framework-Building Metazoans In Early Cambrian Reef Ecosystems From The Western Usa And Mongolia And Their Effects On Reef Diversity, David Russell Cordie

Theses and Dissertations

The early Cambrian represents an important transition in the evolution of life, perhaps most vividly exemplified by reef ecosystems as they changed from microbial-supported to metazoan-supported framework reefs. Microbial reefs were initially composed of Renalcis- and Epiphyton-group calcifying microbes. Subsequent reefs began to incorporate archaeocyathan sponges within this framework. This represents a shift in the source of carbonate production, which can be quantified using thin section point counts. In archaeocyathan reefs from the western USA, carbonate contribution from metazoan framework builders increased from zero to 29.7%. Similar reefs from Mongolia increased from zero to 5.0%. Increases in Laurentian archaeocyath contributions …


Anthropogenically Driven Changes To Shallow Groundwater In Southeastern Wisconsin And Its Effects On The Aquifer Microbial Communities, Madeline Jean Salo May 2019

Anthropogenically Driven Changes To Shallow Groundwater In Southeastern Wisconsin And Its Effects On The Aquifer Microbial Communities, Madeline Jean Salo

Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates if, and to what extent, the microbial community present in the shallow groundwater of southeastern Wisconsin is affected by the influx of treated municipal wastewater effluent. The primary study area consisted of three wells located in the shallow sand and gravel aquifer along the upper Fox River in Waukesha, Wisconsin. One well is located roughly 1500 feet from the river and pumps pristine groundwater. Two riverbank inducement wells are located within 200 feet of the river and pump a mixture of groundwater and river water that contains effluent from three upstream wastewater treatment plants. Water from all …