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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Glaciers In The Canadian Columbia Basin, Technical Report, Brian Menounos, Ben M. Pelto, Sean W. Fleming, R. Dan Moore, Frank Weber, Dave Hutchinson, Janice Brahney
Glaciers In The Canadian Columbia Basin, Technical Report, Brian Menounos, Ben M. Pelto, Sean W. Fleming, R. Dan Moore, Frank Weber, Dave Hutchinson, Janice Brahney
Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications
The cryosphere - all forms of frozen water on Earth- plays a fundamental role in its climate system. Seasonal snow, mountain glaciers, ice sheets, and sea ice reflect much of the incoming shortwave radiation at high latitudes and in mountainous terrain back to space, helping to regulate the surface temperature of the planet. Accelerating concentrations of greenhouse gases (Solomon et al. 2009) are responsible for late twentieth and early twenty-first century tropospheric warming; this warming in turn drives large-scale changes in the cryosphere, with global implications that include changes in hemispheric circulation (Francis and Vavrus 2012), sea level rise (Gardner …
Climate Diagnostics Of The Extreme Floods In Peru During Early 2017, Rackhun Son, Shih-Yu Simon Wang, Wan-Ling Tseng, Christian W. Barreto Schuler, Emily Becker, Jin-Ho Yoon
Climate Diagnostics Of The Extreme Floods In Peru During Early 2017, Rackhun Son, Shih-Yu Simon Wang, Wan-Ling Tseng, Christian W. Barreto Schuler, Emily Becker, Jin-Ho Yoon
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
From January through March 2017, a series of extreme precipitation events occurred in coastal Peru, causing severe floods with hundreds of human casualties and billions of dollars in economic losses. The extreme precipitation was a result of unusually strong recurrent patterns of atmospheric and oceanic conditions, including extremely warm coastal sea surface temperatures (SST) and weakened trade winds. These climatic features and their causal relationship with the Peruvian precipitation were examined. Diagnostic analysis and model experiments suggest that an atmospheric forcing in early 2017, which was moderately linked to the Trans-Niño Index (TNI), initiated the local SST warming along coastal …
Evidence For Accelerated Weathering And Sulfate Export In High Alpine Environments, John T. Crawford, Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, M. Iggy Litaor, Janice Brahney, Jason C. Neff
Evidence For Accelerated Weathering And Sulfate Export In High Alpine Environments, John T. Crawford, Eve-Lyn S. Hinckley, M. Iggy Litaor, Janice Brahney, Jason C. Neff
Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications
High elevation alpine ecosystems—the 'water towers of the world'—provide water for human populations around the globe. Active geomorphic features such as glaciers and permafrost leave alpine ecosystems susceptible to changes in climate which could also lead to changing biogeochemistry and water quality. Here, we synthesize recent changes in high-elevation stream chemistry from multiple sites that demonstrate a consistent and widespread pattern of increasing sulfate and base cation concentrations or fluxes. This trend has occurred over the past 30 years and is consistent across multiple sites in the Rocky Mountains of the United States, western Canada, the European Alps, the Icelandic …
Pantropical Climate Interactions, Wenju Cai, Lixin Wu, Matthieu Lengaigne, Tim Li, Shayne Mcgregor, Jong-Seong Kug, Jin-Yi Yu, Malte F. Stuecker, Agus Santoso, Xichen Li, Yoo-Geun Ham, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Benjamin Ng, Michael J. Mcphaden, Yan Du, Et Al.
Pantropical Climate Interactions, Wenju Cai, Lixin Wu, Matthieu Lengaigne, Tim Li, Shayne Mcgregor, Jong-Seong Kug, Jin-Yi Yu, Malte F. Stuecker, Agus Santoso, Xichen Li, Yoo-Geun Ham, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Benjamin Ng, Michael J. Mcphaden, Yan Du, Et Al.
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which originates in the Pacific, is the strongest and most well-known mode of tropical climate variability. Its reach is global, and it can force climate variations of the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans by perturbing the global atmospheric circulation. Less appreciated is how the tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans affect the Pacific. Especially noteworthy is the multidecadal Atlantic warming that began in the late 1990s, because recent research suggests that it has influenced Indo-Pacific climate, the character of the ENSO cycle, and the hiatus in global surface warming. Discovery of these pantropical interactions provides a …
El Niño-Southern Oscillation Complexity, Axel Timmermann, Soon-Il An, Jong-Seong Kug, Fei-Fei Jin, Wenju Cai, Antonietta Capotondi, Kim Cobb, Matthieu Lengaigne, Michal J. Mcphaden, Malte F. Stuecker, Karl Stein, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Kyung-Sook Yun, Tobias Bayr, Han-Ching Chen, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Et Al.
El Niño-Southern Oscillation Complexity, Axel Timmermann, Soon-Il An, Jong-Seong Kug, Fei-Fei Jin, Wenju Cai, Antonietta Capotondi, Kim Cobb, Matthieu Lengaigne, Michal J. Mcphaden, Malte F. Stuecker, Karl Stein, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Kyung-Sook Yun, Tobias Bayr, Han-Ching Chen, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Et Al.
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.
Experimental Evidence For Drought Induced Alternative Stable States Of Soil Moisture, David A. Robinson, Scott B. Jones, Inma Lebron, Sabine Reinsch, Maria T. Dominguez, Andrew R. Smith, Davey L. Jones, Miles R. Marshall, Bridget A. Emmett
Experimental Evidence For Drought Induced Alternative Stable States Of Soil Moisture, David A. Robinson, Scott B. Jones, Inma Lebron, Sabine Reinsch, Maria T. Dominguez, Andrew R. Smith, Davey L. Jones, Miles R. Marshall, Bridget A. Emmett
Plants, Soils, and Climate Faculty Publications
Ecosystems may exhibit alternative stable states (ASS) in response to environmental change. Modelling and observational data broadly support the theory of ASS, however evidence from manipulation experiments supporting this theory is limited. Here, we provide long-term manipulation and observation data supporting the existence of drought induced alternative stable soil moisture states (irreversible soil wetting) in upland Atlantic heath, dominated by Calluna vulgaris (L.) Hull. Manipulated repeated moderate summer drought, and intense natural summer drought both lowered resilience resulting in shifts in soil moisture dynamics. The repeated moderate summer drought decreased winter soil moisture retention by ∼10%. However, intense summer drought, …
Resilience In Quaking Aspen: Recent Advances And Future Needs, Paul C. Rogers, C. Eisenberg, S. Clair
Resilience In Quaking Aspen: Recent Advances And Future Needs, Paul C. Rogers, C. Eisenberg, S. Clair
Wildland Resources Faculty Publications
Quaking Aspen (Populus tremuloides) sustainability is a topic of intense interest in forest ecology. Reports range from declines to persisting or increasing coverage in some areas. Moreover, there is little agreement on ultimate factors driving changes. Low aspen recruitment has been attributed to climate patterns, past management, herbivore increases, competitive interactions with conifers, predator and beaver extirpation, and livestock grazing. Several of these potential causes result from direct or indirect actions of human agency. On June 27–28, 2012 a group of leading aspen ecologists from diverse backgrounds convened at the High Lonesome Ranch in western Colorado to address the state …
Regional And Climatic Controls On Seasonal Dust Deposition In The Southwestern Us, Marith Reheis, Frank Urban
Regional And Climatic Controls On Seasonal Dust Deposition In The Southwestern Us, Marith Reheis, Frank Urban
Canyonlands Research Bibliography
Vertical dust deposition rates (dust flux) are a complex response to the interaction of seasonal precipitation, wind, changes in plant cover and land use, dust source type, and local vs. distant dust emission in the southwestern U.S. Seasonal dust flux in the Mojave-southern Great Basin (MSGB) deserts, measured from 1999 to 2008, is similar in summer-fall and winter-spring, and antecedent precipitation tends to suppress dust flux in winter-spring. In contrast, dust flux in the eastern Colorado Plateau (ECP) region is much larger in summer-fall than in winter-spring, and twice as large as in the MSGB. ECP dust is related to …
Assessing Models For Ionospheric Weather Specifications Over Australia During The 2004 Climate And Weather Of The Sun-Earth-System (Cawses) Campaign, Jan Josef Sojka, D. C. Thompson, L. Scherliess, Robert W. Schunk, T. J. Harris
Assessing Models For Ionospheric Weather Specifications Over Australia During The 2004 Climate And Weather Of The Sun-Earth-System (Cawses) Campaign, Jan Josef Sojka, D. C. Thompson, L. Scherliess, Robert W. Schunk, T. J. Harris
All Physics Faculty Publications
The Utah State University (USU) Global Assimilation of Ionospheric Measurements (GAIM) program is developing assimilation models to specify ionospheric weather. In this study the Gauss Markov Kalman Filter (GMKF) GAIM model was used. The period 20 March through 19 April 2004, which spanned the Climate and Weather of the Sun-Earth-System (CAWSES) first study period, has been extensively studied to validate the performance of the GAIM model. Although the USU-GAIM model has both regional and global capabilities and can assimilate data from a wide variety of ionospheric observations, for this study the GMKF model was run in a global mode using …
Climate Change And Utah, United States Environmental Protection Agency
Climate Change And Utah, United States Environmental Protection Agency
Elusive Documents
No abstract provided.
Climate Of Salt Lake City, Utah, William J. Alder, Laurence S. Nierenberg, Sean T. Buchanan, William Cope, James A. Cisco, Craig C. Schmidt, Alexander R. Smith, Wilbur E. Figgins
Climate Of Salt Lake City, Utah, William J. Alder, Laurence S. Nierenberg, Sean T. Buchanan, William Cope, James A. Cisco, Craig C. Schmidt, Alexander R. Smith, Wilbur E. Figgins
Elusive Documents
No abstract provided.
Climate Variability, Climate Change And Western Water, Kathleen A. Miller
Climate Variability, Climate Change And Western Water, Kathleen A. Miller
Elusive Documents
No abstract provided.
Global Climate Change Response Program, Water Yield In Semiarid Environment Under Projected Climate Change, United States Department Of The Interior
Global Climate Change Response Program, Water Yield In Semiarid Environment Under Projected Climate Change, United States Department Of The Interior
Water
This paper presents the practical application of a distributed parameter climate vegetation hydrologic model (CVHM) and its ability to simulate hydrologic response under existing conditions and under assumed CO2-induced climate and vegetation change. Applying the model to the Weber River basin provided a basis for determining the impacts of climate change on the hydrologic response. By using a "what if" scenario this model included the changes in plant transpiration rates and in vegetation cover under a CO2-altered climate change and the effects of these changes on water yield.
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Impacts Of Projected Climate Change On Urban Water Use, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Water
Urban water use, particularly outdoor use, responds to changes in temperature, precipitation, and other climatic parameters. This study significantly improved the capacity of an existing regional water demand model to estimate the response of both residential and commercial-industrial water demand to changes in climatic parameters. The resulting functional relationships derived from historic time-series climatic and water use data were applied to global climate scenarios for the four Wasatch Front counties of Utah.
Initial Climate Change Scenario For The Western United States, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Initial Climate Change Scenario For The Western United States, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation
Meterology
Observations of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations in recent decades have shown an accelerating upward trend due mainly to burning of fossil fuels. Physical considerations indicate that observed and projected increases in the concentrations of CO2 and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere will lead to significant global warming. Previous authors have followed both empirical and theoretical approaches to develop scenarios for changed climate conditions. The most common empirical approach is the use of analogs of global warming drawn from historical records and paleoclimates. The principal theoretical approach involves the interpretation of output for general circulation models …
Bulletin No. 47 - The Climate Of Utah, James Dryden
Bulletin No. 47 - The Climate Of Utah, James Dryden
UAES Bulletins
In reporting the meteorological observations of the Station for the years 1895 and 1896, it has been thought well to include for purposes of comparison records of temperature and precipitation at several other Utah points, as well as other data of climatological importance. The bringing together of all the known facts of our climate is a work of necessity that has been too long neglected. Observers have been patiently collecting data, some of them for a quarter of a century or more, and of the mass that has been collected very little is known outside of the periodical records of …