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Articles 1 - 22 of 22
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
How The Presence Of Plastic In The North Pacific Gyre Affects The Growth Of Thalassiosira Through Remote Sensing And Laboratory Replication, Jordynn Brennan, Hesham El-Askary
How The Presence Of Plastic In The North Pacific Gyre Affects The Growth Of Thalassiosira Through Remote Sensing And Laboratory Replication, Jordynn Brennan, Hesham El-Askary
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
Through the use of remote sensing, we are able to determine the approximate location of the garbage patch in the North Pacific Gyre. Though remote sensing does not penetrate the surface of the ocean, monthly satellite images can be analyzed to determine the rate of growth or rate of decrease of certain parameters, such as atmospheric gases, phytoplankton, and dissolved organic matter. Over the past decade, data from the Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (Giovanni program) has shown a significant increase in dissolved organic matter and chlorophyll a content in the area of the North Pacific Garbage …
Remote Sensing Estimates Of Stand-Replacement Fires In Russia, 2002–2011, Alexander Krylov, Jessica L. Mccarty, Peter Potapov, Tatiana Loboda, Alexandra Tyukavina, Svetlana Turubanova, Matthew Hansen
Remote Sensing Estimates Of Stand-Replacement Fires In Russia, 2002–2011, Alexander Krylov, Jessica L. Mccarty, Peter Potapov, Tatiana Loboda, Alexandra Tyukavina, Svetlana Turubanova, Matthew Hansen
Michigan Tech Research Institute Publications
The presented study quantifies the proportion of stand-replacement fires in Russian forests through the integrated analysis of Landsat and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data products. We employed 30 m Landsat Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus derived tree canopy cover and decadal (2001–2012) forest cover loss (Hansen et al 2013 High-resolution global maps of 21st-century forest cover change Science 342 850–53) to identify forest extent and disturbance. These data were overlaid with 1 km MODIS active fire (earthdata.nasa.gov/data/near-real-time-data/firms) and 500 m regional burned area data (Loboda et al 2007 Regionally adaptable dNBR-based algorithm for burned area mapping from …
Hyperspectral Measurements Of Wet, Dry And Saline Soils From The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys: Soil Moisture Properties From Remote Sensing, Joseph S. Levy, Anne Nolin, Andrew G. Fountain, James W. Head
Hyperspectral Measurements Of Wet, Dry And Saline Soils From The Mcmurdo Dry Valleys: Soil Moisture Properties From Remote Sensing, Joseph S. Levy, Anne Nolin, Andrew G. Fountain, James W. Head
Geology Faculty Publications and Presentations
Soil moisture is a spatially heterogeneous quantity in the McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica that exerts a large influence on the biological community and on the thermal state of Dry Valleys permafrost. The goal of this project was to determine whether hyperspectral remote sensing techniques could be used to determine soil moisture conditions in the Dry Valleys. We measured the spectral reflectance factors of wetted soil samples from the Dry Valleys under natural light conditions and related diagnostic spectral features to surface layer soil moisture content. Diagnostic water absorption features in the spectra at 1.4 mu m and 1.9 mu …
Using Remote Sensing Data To Predict The Spread Of Mosquito Borne Disease, Mary Ellen O'Donnell, Erika Podest
Using Remote Sensing Data To Predict The Spread Of Mosquito Borne Disease, Mary Ellen O'Donnell, Erika Podest
STAR Program Research Presentations
There is interest in how environmental variables derived from satellite data such as temperature, vegetation cover, and precipitation correlate to vector borne disease occurrence such as malaria and dengue fever. This study will be carried out using a decision tree based open source software called Random Forests to find correlations between the remote sensing variables and mosquito abundance. Software will be written in C# to take large amounts of data from the NASA satellite database and automatically format it for the Random Forest Software input. Correlations found, using Random Forests, between disease incidence and the variables can be used as …
Separation Of Soil Evaporation And Vegetation Transpiration By Modis Data For Central And Northern China, Tingting Li, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
Separation Of Soil Evaporation And Vegetation Transpiration By Modis Data For Central And Northern China, Tingting Li, Jinhui Jeanne Huang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Evapotranspiration(ET) plays a crucial role in the hydrologic system. To estimate evapotranspiration quantitatively in a large scale, remote sensing data has been used in a number of models and shows its applicability in the estimation of evapotranspiration. In this paper, evapotranspiration for central and northern China was derived from MODIS data. In arid and semi-arid regions, soil evaporation can be considered as the minimum water requirement for bare area, while evapotranspiration can be considered as the minimum water demand for the area covered by vegetation. Hence the separation of soil evaporation and vegetation transpiration is valuable for efficient water resources …
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Dirk Schwanenberg, Peter Krahe, Aynur Şensoy
Moving Horizon Estimation To Assimilate Snow And Soil Moisture Data Into The Hbv Hydrological Model, Rodolfo Alvarado Montero, Dirk Schwanenberg, Peter Krahe, Aynur Şensoy
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
We present a variational data assimilation approach based on a Moving Horizon Estimation (MHE) applied to the HBV hydrological model. This framework enables the modification of the model inputs precipitation and temperature as well as the model states soil moisture, upper zone storage and lower zone storage. It considers data products for snow cover, snow water equivalent and soil moisture and observed streamflow. The performance of the framework is evaluated for three test sites: i) the data–dense catchment of the upper Main River (2419 km2), Germany, for which the HBV model already produces excellent results, ii) a comparable upstream catchment …
Graphic User Interface To Preprocess Landsat Tm, Etm+ And Oli Images For Hydrological Applications, Rafael Pimentel, Javier Herrero, María José Polo
Graphic User Interface To Preprocess Landsat Tm, Etm+ And Oli Images For Hydrological Applications, Rafael Pimentel, Javier Herrero, María José Polo
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Remote sensing techniques are powerful tools for the validation and data assimilation of GIS-based calculations of physical and distributed hydrological models. The high spatial resolution of Landsat TM, ETM+ and OLI, make this the most adequate satellite images for the study of hydrological processes in Mediterranean regions. Several levels of preprocessing are required to obtain validated reflectance values from these images. Generally, these steps include radiometric calibrations and an atmospheric correction. However, over complex terrain and for specific land covers such as snow, certain problems related to radiometric saturation and shadow effects must also be taken into account. This work …
Research And Application On The Coupled Method Of Remote-Sensing And Ground-Monitoring Of Reservoir Storage Capacity, He Zhu, Hongli Zhao, Yunzhong Jiang, Li Wang
Research And Application On The Coupled Method Of Remote-Sensing And Ground-Monitoring Of Reservoir Storage Capacity, He Zhu, Hongli Zhao, Yunzhong Jiang, Li Wang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Reservoir storage capacity monitoring is the basis of reservoir operation. The relationship curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity are the significant parameters of storage capacity calculation. With the long-term operation, both on the bottom and bank of the reservoir have erosion and deposition, causing the relationship of water level-area and level-storage changes, which leads to inaccuracy of reservoir storage capacity calculation with the original curves. It is costly to revise the curves of reservoir water level-area and water level-capacity by ground measurement termly. A coupled Method of Remote-sensing and Ground-monitoring of Reservoir Storage Capacity is proposed in this …
Automated Meter Reading For Water Demand Forecast And Hydraulic Modelling Of The Municipal Water Distribution System In Mikołów, Poland, Patryk Wójtowicz, Andrzej Pawlak, Jan Studziński
Automated Meter Reading For Water Demand Forecast And Hydraulic Modelling Of The Municipal Water Distribution System In Mikołów, Poland, Patryk Wójtowicz, Andrzej Pawlak, Jan Studziński
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
This paper presents preliminary results of a project aimed at utilising automated meter reading (AMR) system for water demand forecasting and hydraulic modelling of Mikołów (Poland) water distribution system. This system will allow for near-real time collection of hydraulic data. Accurate estimation and prediction of the demand patterns of the customers is a crucial element affecting accuracy of hydraulic model. AMR will be used to analyse the behaviour of individual household-based water consumption. Calibration and validation of the model will be realised by combining existing SCADA system and mobile (temporary) measurement points. Total length of the main water distribution system …
Empirical Regression Model Using Ndvi, Meteorological Factors For Estimation Of Wheat Yield In Yunnan, China, Jing Huang, Qiang Dai, Huimin Wang, Dawei Han
Empirical Regression Model Using Ndvi, Meteorological Factors For Estimation Of Wheat Yield In Yunnan, China, Jing Huang, Qiang Dai, Huimin Wang, Dawei Han
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Crop yield estimation is of great importance to food security. NDVI, as an effective crop monitoring tool, is extensively used in crop yield estimation. However there are few studies conducted in the regions where mixed crops are grown. In this study, a statistical approach for crop area identification is proposed and applied to wheat in Jianshui County in the Nanpan River Basin, Yunnan Province of China. Based on the correlation analysis between MODIS NDVI data and crop yield, the planting areas are identified, as well as the best periods for a reliable estimation. Regression models are presented to predict the …
On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo
On The Importance Of Remote Sensing Data To Validate A Distributed Dynamic Vegetation Model Applied To A Semi-Arid Basin, Félix Francés, Guiomar Ruiz-Pérez, Marta Pasquato, Chiara Medici, María González-Sanchis, Tarcísio J. G. Fernandes, Antonio Molina, Antonio D. Del Campo
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Efforts to better understand the components of catchments’ water balance have traditionally been one of the objectives of the hydrological community. Very few hydrological models incorporate vegetation development as state variable. This is beginning to change with the recognition by the hydrological community that biological processes play a key role in catchment’s water balance. In addition, some studies confirm that vegetation density controls most of hydrological processes in semi-arid regions. However, the most of the dynamic vegetation models are too complex to be coupled with hydrological models and they incorporate variables and inputs which are difficult to be estimated across …
Monitoring Spatiotemporal Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Lake Mead With Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
Monitoring Spatiotemporal Total Organic Carbon Concentrations In Lake Mead With Integrated Data Fusion And Mining (Idfm) Technique, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Forest fires, soil erosion, and land use changes in Lake Mead watershed nearby Las Vegas wash are considered as sources of water quality impairment in the Lake Mead. These conditions result in higher concentration of Total Organic Carbon (TOC). TOC in contact with Chlorine which is often used for disinfection purposes of drinking water supply causes the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs). THM is one of the toxic carcinogens controlled by EPA’s Disinfection By-Product Rule. As a result of threat posed to drinking water of 25 million people downstream, recreation area, and wildlife habitat of Lake Mead, it is necessary to …
Precipitation Forecasting With Wavelet-Based Empirical Orthogonal Function And Artificial Neural Network (Weof-Ann) Model, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
Precipitation Forecasting With Wavelet-Based Empirical Orthogonal Function And Artificial Neural Network (Weof-Ann) Model, Sanaz Imen, Ni-Bin Chang, Y. Jeffrey Yang
International Conference on Hydroinformatics
Western drought began since 2000 caused sharp decrease by about 100 feet in the largest reservoir of North America, Lake Mead due to the precipitation pattern shift in the upstream lower Virgin River Basin. Oceans play an important role on earth’s climate via oceanic-atmospheric interactions known as climate teleconnections, which deeply affect the terrestrial precipitation patterns. This issue signifies the necessity of developing a modern hydroinformatics tool - precipitation forecasting model - to account for teleconnection signals from climate change and mitigate drought hazards impact on lake water, quantitatively and qualitatively, which cannot be achieved by using traditional Global Circulation …
Eyes In The Sky: Linking Satellite Oceanography And Biotelemetry To Explore Habitat Selection By Basking Sharks, Tobey H. Curtis, Stephan I. Zeeman, Erin L. Summers, Steven X. Cadrin, Gregory B. Skomal
Eyes In The Sky: Linking Satellite Oceanography And Biotelemetry To Explore Habitat Selection By Basking Sharks, Tobey H. Curtis, Stephan I. Zeeman, Erin L. Summers, Steven X. Cadrin, Gregory B. Skomal
Marine Sciences Faculty Publications
Background: Satellite-based oceanographic data products are a valuable source of information on potential resource availability for marine species. Satellite oceanography data may be particularly useful in biotelemetry studies on marine species that feed at low trophic levels, such as zooplanktivorous whales, sharks, and rays. The basking shark, Cetorhinus maximus, is a well-documented zooplanktivore in the western North Atlantic, yet little is known of its movements and spatial ecology in this region. A combination of satellite tag technologies were used to describe basking shark movements with respect to concurrent satellite-observed oceanographic conditions in order to test for selection of these …
Recent Cropping Frequency, Expansion, And Abandonment In Mato Grosso, Brazil Had Selective Land Characteristics, Stephanie A. Spera, Avery S. Cohn, Leah K. Vanwey, Jack F. Mustard, Bernardo F.T. Rudorff, Marcos Adami
Recent Cropping Frequency, Expansion, And Abandonment In Mato Grosso, Brazil Had Selective Land Characteristics, Stephanie A. Spera, Avery S. Cohn, Leah K. Vanwey, Jack F. Mustard, Bernardo F.T. Rudorff, Marcos Adami
Geography and the Environment Faculty Publications
This letter uses satellite remote sensing to examine patterns of cropland expansion, cropland abandonment, and changing cropping frequency in Mato Grosso, Brazil from 2001 to 2011. During this period, Mato Grosso emerged as a globally important center of agricultural production. In 2001, 3.3 million hectares of mechanized agriculture were cultivated in Mato Grosso, of which 500 000 hectares had two commercial crops per growing season (double cropping). By 2011, Mato Grosso had 5.8 million hectares of mechanized agriculture, of which 2.9 million hectares were double cropped. We found these agricultural changes to be selective with respect to land attributes —significant …
Interannual Variations And Trends In Global Land Surface Phenology Derived From Enhanced Vegetation Index During 1982–2010, Xiaoyang Zhang, Bin Tan, Yunyue Yu
Interannual Variations And Trends In Global Land Surface Phenology Derived From Enhanced Vegetation Index During 1982–2010, Xiaoyang Zhang, Bin Tan, Yunyue Yu
GSCE Faculty Publications
Land surface phenology is widely retrieved from satellite observations at regional and global scales, and its long-term record has been demonstrated to be a valuable tool for reconstructing past climate variations, monitoring the dynamics of terrestrial ecosystems in response to climate impacts, and predicting biological responses to future climate scenarios. This study detected global land surface phenology from the advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) and the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data from 1982 to 2010. Based on daily enhanced vegetation index at a spatial resolution of 0.05 degrees, we simulated the seasonal vegetative trajectory for each individual pixel …
Coordinated Investigation Of Midlatitude Upper Mesospheric Temperature Inversion Layers And The Associated Gravity Wave Forcing By Na Lidar And Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper In Logan, Utah, Tao Yuan, Pierre-Dominique Pautet, Y. Zhao, Xuguang Cai, Michael J. Taylor, Neal R. Criddle
Coordinated Investigation Of Midlatitude Upper Mesospheric Temperature Inversion Layers And The Associated Gravity Wave Forcing By Na Lidar And Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper In Logan, Utah, Tao Yuan, Pierre-Dominique Pautet, Y. Zhao, Xuguang Cai, Michael J. Taylor, Neal R. Criddle
All Physics Faculty Publications
Mesospheric inversion layers (MIL) are well studied in the literature but their relationship to the dynamic feature associated with the breaking of atmospheric waves in the mesosphere/lower thermosphere (MLT) region are not well understood. Two strong MIL events (ΔT ~30 K) were observed above 90 km during a 6 day full diurnal cycle Na lidar campaign conducted from 6 August to 13 August Logan, Utah (42°N, 112°W). Colocated Advanced Mesospheric Temperature Mapper observations provided key information on concurrent gravity wave (GW) events and their characteristics during the nighttime observations. The study found both MILs were well correlated with the development …
Melt Water Input From The Bering Glacier Watershed Into The Gulf Of Alaska, Edward G. Josberger, Robert Shuchman, Liza K. Jenkins, K. A. Endsley
Melt Water Input From The Bering Glacier Watershed Into The Gulf Of Alaska, Edward G. Josberger, Robert Shuchman, Liza K. Jenkins, K. A. Endsley
Michigan Tech Research Institute Publications
The annual runoff from the melting of large glaciers and snow fields along the northern perimeter of the Gulf of Alaska is a critical component of marine physical and biological systems; yet, most of this freshwater is not measured. Here we show estimates of melt for the watershed that contains the largest and longest glacier in North America, the Bering Glacier. The procedure combines in situ observations of snow and ice melt acquired by a long-term monitoring program, multispectral satellite observations, and nearby temperature measurements. The estimated melt is 40 km3 per melt season, ± 3.0 km3, observed over the …
Application Of A Hillslope-Scale Soil Moisture Data Assimilation System To Military Trafficability Assessment, Alejandro N. Flores, Dara Entekhabi, Rafael L. Bras
Application Of A Hillslope-Scale Soil Moisture Data Assimilation System To Military Trafficability Assessment, Alejandro N. Flores, Dara Entekhabi, Rafael L. Bras
Geosciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Soil moisture is an important environmental variable that impacts military operations and weapons systems. Accurate and timely forecasts of soil moisture at appropriate spatial scales, therefore, are important for mission planning. We present an application of a soil moisture data assimilation system to military trafficability assessment. The data assimilation system combines hillslope-scale (e.g., 10s to 100s of m) estimates of soil moisture from a hydrologic model with synthetic L-band microwave radar observations broadly consistent with the planned NASA Soil Moisture Active–Passive (SMAP) mission. Soil moisture outputs from the data assimilation system are input to a simple index-based model for vehicle …
Daily Area Of Snow Melt Onset On Arctic Sea Ice From Passive Microwave Satellite Observations 1979–2012, Angela C. Bliss, Mark R. Anderson
Daily Area Of Snow Melt Onset On Arctic Sea Ice From Passive Microwave Satellite Observations 1979–2012, Angela C. Bliss, Mark R. Anderson
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Faculty Publications
Variability in snow melt onset (MO) on Arctic sea ice since 1979 is examined by determining the area of sea ice experiencing the onset of melting during the melt season on a daily basis. The daily MO area of the snow and ice surface is determined from passive microwave satellite-derived MO dates for the Arctic Ocean and sub-regions. Annual accumulations of MO area are determined by summing the time series of daily MO area through the melt season. Daily areas and annual accumulations of MO area highlight inter-annual and regional variability in the timing of MO area, which is sensitive …
Merging Remote Sensing Data And National Agricultural Statistics To Model Change In Irrigated Agriculture, Jesslyn F. Brown, Md Shahriar Pervez
Merging Remote Sensing Data And National Agricultural Statistics To Model Change In Irrigated Agriculture, Jesslyn F. Brown, Md Shahriar Pervez
United States Geological Survey: Staff Publications
Over 22 million hectares (ha) of U.S. croplands are irrigated. Irrigation is an intensified agricultural land use that increases crop yields and the practice affects water and energy cycles at, above, and below the land surface. Until recently, there has been a scarcity of geospatially detailed information about irrigation that is comprehensive, consistent, and timely to support studies tying agricultural land use change to aquifer water use and other factors. This study shows evidence for a recent overall net expansion of 522 thousand ha across the U.S. (2.33%) and 519 thousand ha (8.7%) in irrigated cropped area across the High …
Numerical Simulation Of “An American Haboob”, A. Vukovic, M. Vujadinovic, G. Pejanovic, J. Andric, M. J. Kumjian, V. Djurdjevic, M. Dacic, Anup K. Prasad, Hesham El-Askary, B. C. Paris, S. Petkovic, W. Sprigg, S. Nickovic
Numerical Simulation Of “An American Haboob”, A. Vukovic, M. Vujadinovic, G. Pejanovic, J. Andric, M. J. Kumjian, V. Djurdjevic, M. Dacic, Anup K. Prasad, Hesham El-Askary, B. C. Paris, S. Petkovic, W. Sprigg, S. Nickovic
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
A dust storm of fearful proportions hit Phoenix in the early evening hours of 5 July 2011. This storm, an American haboob, was predicted hours in advance because numerical, land–atmosphere modeling, computing power and remote sensing of dust events have improved greatly over the past decade. High-resolution numerical models are required for accurate simulation of the small scales of the haboob process, with high velocity surface winds produced by strong convection and severe downbursts. Dust productive areas in this region consist mainly of agricultural fields, with soil surfaces disturbed by plowing and tracks of land in the high Sonoran Desert …