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- Architectural strategy (10)
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- Other research (6)
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- Districting (2)
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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Architectural Strategy For Digital Platforms: Technological And Organizational Perspectives, Jason Woodard, Joel West
Architectural Strategy For Digital Platforms: Technological And Organizational Perspectives, Jason Woodard, Joel West
C. Jason Woodard
different spatial queries such as kNN query, range query and CNN query. A comprehensive experimental study has been conducted to
On Empirical Validation Of Compactness Measures For Electoral Redistricting And Its Significance For Application Of Models In The Social Science, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, Frederic H. Murphy, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard
On Empirical Validation Of Compactness Measures For Electoral Redistricting And Its Significance For Application Of Models In The Social Science, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, Frederic H. Murphy, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
Use of optimization models in science and policy applications is often problematic because the best available models are very inaccurate representations of the originating problems. Such is the case with electoral districting models, for which there exist no generally accepted measures of compactness, in spite of many proposals and much analytical study. This article reports on an experimental investigation of subjective judgments of compactness for electoral districts. The experiment draws on a unique database of 116 distinct, legally valid districting plans for the Philadelphia City Council, discovered with evolutionary computation. Subjects in the experiment displayed, in the aggregate, remarkable agreement …
Microblogging For Engaged Teaching And Learning, Thomas Menkhoff, Kok Siew Benjamin Gan, Charles Jason Woodard, Yue Wah Chay
Microblogging For Engaged Teaching And Learning, Thomas Menkhoff, Kok Siew Benjamin Gan, Charles Jason Woodard, Yue Wah Chay
C. Jason Woodard
In this paper, we report how we put a newly developed Twitter application to work in the context of a Knowledge Management course taught at the Singapore Management University (SMU) allowing students to post and view relevant tweets in an organized manner for the benefit of collaborative class discussions and learning. Innovative elements of the ongoing project include the explorative usage of social media such as Twitter in the higher education context, student participation in providing initial evidence and qualitative feedback that tweeting is pedagogically meaningful and a newly built-in feature which can resolve tweeting challenges which occurred in class …
Architectural Control And Value Migration In Platform Industries, C. Jason Woodard
Architectural Control And Value Migration In Platform Industries, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
carry some pre-computation information of each region. We also propose multiple client-side algorithms to facilitate the processing of
Managing Complexity Through Selective Decoupling, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
Managing Complexity Through Selective Decoupling, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
Capturing Value Through Commoditization: Architectural Control In Business Ecosystems And The Prevention Of Strategic Bottlenecks, Richard Tee, C. Jason Woodard
Capturing Value Through Commoditization: Architectural Control In Business Ecosystems And The Prevention Of Strategic Bottlenecks, Richard Tee, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
On Empirical Validation Of Compactness Measures For Electoral Redistricting And Its Significance For Application Of Models In The Social Sciences, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, Frederic H. Murphy, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard
On Empirical Validation Of Compactness Measures For Electoral Redistricting And Its Significance For Application Of Models In The Social Sciences, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, Frederic H. Murphy, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
Use of optimization models in science and policy applications is often problematic because the best available models are very inaccurate representations of the originating problems. Such is the case with electoral districting models, for which there exist no generally accepted measures of compactness, in spite of many proposals and much analytical study. This article reports on an experimental investigation of subjective judgments of compactness for electoral districts. The experiment draws on a unique database of 116 distinct, legally valid districting plans for the Philadelphia City Council, discovered with evolutionary computation. Subjects in the experiment displayed, in the aggregate, remarkable agreement …
Architectural Control And Value Migration In Layered Ecosystems: The Case Of Open-Source Cloud Management Platforms, Richard Tee, C. Jason Woodard
Architectural Control And Value Migration In Layered Ecosystems: The Case Of Open-Source Cloud Management Platforms, Richard Tee, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
Our paper focuses on strategic decision making in layered business ecosystems, highlighting the role of cross-layer interactions in shaping choices about product design and platform governance. Based on evidence from the cloud computing ecosystem, we analyze how concerns about architectural control and expectations regarding future value migration influence the design of product interfaces and the degree of openness to external contributions. We draw on qualitative longitudinal data to trace the development of two open-source platforms for managing cloud-based computing resources. We focus in particular on the emergence of a layered "stack" in which these platforms must compete with both vertically …
The Evolution Of Modular Product Architectures And The Emergence Of Platform Ecosystems, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
The Evolution Of Modular Product Architectures And The Emergence Of Platform Ecosystems, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
Using Interactive Evolutionary Computation (Iec) With Validated Surrogate Fitness Functions For Redistricting, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard, Frederic H. Murphy
Using Interactive Evolutionary Computation (Iec) With Validated Surrogate Fitness Functions For Redistricting, Christine Chou, Steven O. Kimbrough, John Sullivan-Fedock, C. Jason Woodard, Frederic H. Murphy
C. Jason Woodard
We describe a novel use of evolutionary computation to discover good districting plans for the Philadelphia City Council. We discovered 116 distinct, high quality, legally valid plans. These constitute a rich resource for stakeholders to base deliberation. This raises the issue of how to deal with large numbers of plans, especially with the aim of avoiding gerrymandering and promoting fairness. Interactive Evolutionary Computation (IEC) is a natural approach here, if practicable. The paper proposes development of Validated Surrogate Fitness (VSF) functions as a workable and generalizable form of IEC.
Design Capital And Design Moves: The Logic Of Digital Business Strategy, C. Jason Woodard, Narayan Ramasubbu, Ted Feichin Tschang, V. Sambamurthy
Design Capital And Design Moves: The Logic Of Digital Business Strategy, C. Jason Woodard, Narayan Ramasubbu, Ted Feichin Tschang, V. Sambamurthy
C. Jason Woodard
As information technology becomes integral to the products and services in a growing range of industries, there has been a corresponding surge of interest in understanding how firms can effectively formulate and execute digital business strategies. This fusion of IT within the business environment gives rise to a strategic tension between investing in digital artifacts for long-term value creation and exploiting them for short-term value appropriation. Further, relentless innovation and competitive pressures dictate that firms continually adapt these artifacts to changing market and technological conditions, but sustained profitability requires scalable architectures that can serve a large customer base and stable …
Modeling Technology Evolution Using Generalized Genotype-Phenotype Maps, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
Modeling Technology Evolution Using Generalized Genotype-Phenotype Maps, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
C. Jason Woodard
Modeling open-ended technological evolution is notoriously challenging. The most successful models to date have been grounded in specific domains such as electronic circuit design. This paper presents an alternative approach based on a generalization of Kauffman’s NK model. In this approach, boundedly rational agents combine components into products and systems whose value is determined by a random fitness landscape in which components may vary in their pleiotropy, or the number of genotypic functions they enable. The authors are developing a family of agent-based models using this framework, the first of which explores the evolution of platform architectures. Preliminary results from …
Strategyproof Mechanisms For Ad Hoc Network Formation, C. Jason Woodard, David C. Parkes
Strategyproof Mechanisms For Ad Hoc Network Formation, C. Jason Woodard, David C. Parkes
C. Jason Woodard
Agents in a peer-to-peer system typically have incentives to influence its network structure, either to reduce their costs or increase their ability to capture value. The problem is compounded when agents can join and leave the system dynamically. This paper proposes three economic mechanisms that offset the incentives for strategic behavior and facilitate the formation of networks with desirable global properties.
Architectural Dualities In Complex Systems: Components, Interfaces, Technologies And Organizations, C. Jason Woodard, Joel West
Architectural Dualities In Complex Systems: Components, Interfaces, Technologies And Organizations, C. Jason Woodard, Joel West
C. Jason Woodard
Research on technological innovation and product development has long recognized the importance of product architecture, and many scholars have explored its relationship to the organizational structure of the product development process. Product architecture, in turn, has long encompassed both the allocation of functionality to components and the pattern of linkages between them. In this paper, we forge new connections among these established ideas by examining them as two pairs of dual relationships. First, we draw attention to the duality between components and interfaces. While innovation and product development researchers have historically emphasized the partitioning of products and systems into components, …
Platform Competition In Digital Systems: Architectural Control And Value Migration, C. Jason Woodard
Platform Competition In Digital Systems: Architectural Control And Value Migration, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
Digital systems give rise to complex layered architectures in which products at one layer serve as platforms for applications and services in adjacent layers. Platform owners face a difficult balancing act. On one hand, they need to make their platforms attractive to potential complementors by mitigating the threat of architectural lock-in. On the other hand, platform owners must be careful not to give away too much too soon, or risk being unable to recoup their own investments. This paper presents an agent-based model that explores this tension at both the firm and industry levels. Computational experiments show that boundedly rational …
Competition In Modular Clusters, Carliss Y. Baldwin, C. Jason Woodard
Competition In Modular Clusters, Carliss Y. Baldwin, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
The last twenty years have witnessed the rise of disaggregated “clusters,” “networks,” or “ecosystems” of firms. In these clusters the activities of R&D, product design, production, distribution, and system integration may be split up among hundreds or even thousands of firms. Different firms will design and produce the different components of a complex artifact (like the processor, peripherals, and software of a computer system), and different firms will specialize in different stages of a complex production process. This paper considers the pricing behavior and profitability of these so-called modular clusters. In particular, we investigate a possibility hinted at in prior …
Architectural Control Points, C. Jason Woodard
Architectural Control Points, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
System designers and technology strategists have long recognized the concept of an architectural control point as a way to identify parts of a system that have particular strategic importance. Despite the vast body of work on system architecture in the engineering design literature, however, few authors have attempted to define architectural control points or study them systematically. Moreover, some industry participants have questioned whether architectural control is still a valuable or achievable goal in an era of increasingly open standards. This paper offers tentative definitions of architectural control, architectural control points, and architectural strategy. In a longer version of the …
Modeling Product Development As A System Design Game, C. Jason Woodard
Modeling Product Development As A System Design Game, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
A system design game is a model of a situation in which agents’ actions determine the structure of a system, which in turn affects the system’s value and the share of value that each agent may capture through bargaining or market competition. This paper describes a class of games in which agents design interdependent products, for example software programs, which may be complements or substitutes for each other. These relationships are epresented by an object called a design structure network (DSN). Depending on the modeler’s choice of allocation rules, agents may benefit from owning critical nodes in the DSN, corresponding …
Strategic Responses To Standardization: Embrace, Extend Or Extinguish?, C. Jason Woodard, Joel West
Strategic Responses To Standardization: Embrace, Extend Or Extinguish?, C. Jason Woodard, Joel West
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
From Primordial Soup To Platform-Based Competition: Exploring The Emergence Of Products, Systems, And Platforms, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
From Primordial Soup To Platform-Based Competition: Exploring The Emergence Of Products, Systems, And Platforms, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons
C. Jason Woodard
We use an agent-based NK model to explore the conditions under which standard platforms emerge among competing products. Our findings were inconclusive. We find that the usual Darwinian conditions needed for the emergence of complexity are sufficient to yield a limited reliance upon platforms with a core of common components, simply because evolution causes the population to converge on a set of products that contain combinations that “work well,” yielding what we call “coincidental platform emergence.” Economies of scale yield more use of common components, or “production platform mergence.” Positive participation externalities initially induce the highest degree of platform emergence …
Modeling Architectural Strategy Using Design Structure Networks, C. Jason Woodard
Modeling Architectural Strategy Using Design Structure Networks, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
System architects face the formidable task of purposefully shaping an evolving space of complex designs. Their task s further complicated when they lack full control of the design process, and therefore must anticipate the behavior of other stakeholders, including the designers of component products and competing systems. This paper presents a conceptual tool called a design structure network (DSN) to help architects and design scientists reason effectively about these situations. A DSN is a graphical representation of a system’s design space. DSNs improve on existing representation schemes by providing a compact and intuitive way to express design options—the ability to …
From Primordial Soup To The Cambrian Explosion; From Adam Smith To Apple And Beyond, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons, Robert J. Larson
From Primordial Soup To The Cambrian Explosion; From Adam Smith To Apple And Beyond, C. Jason Woodard, Eric K. Clemons, Robert J. Larson
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
Local Coordination Under Bounded Rationality: Coase Meets Simon, Finds Hayek, C. Jason Woodard
Local Coordination Under Bounded Rationality: Coase Meets Simon, Finds Hayek, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
The Architecture Of Platforms: A Unified View, Carliss Y. Baldwin, C. Jason Woodard
The Architecture Of Platforms: A Unified View, Carliss Y. Baldwin, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
No abstract provided.
Spatio-Temporal Efficiency In A Taxi Dispatch System, Darshan Santani, Rajesh Krishna Balan, C. Jason Woodard
Spatio-Temporal Efficiency In A Taxi Dispatch System, Darshan Santani, Rajesh Krishna Balan, C. Jason Woodard
C. Jason Woodard
In this paper, we present an empirical analysis of the GPS-enabled taxi dispatch system used by the world’s second largest land transportation company. We first summarize the collective dynamics of the more than 6,000 taxicabs in this fleet. Next, we propose a simple method for evaluating the efficiency of the system over a given period of time and geographic zone. Our method yields valuable insights into system performance—in particular, revealing significant inefficiencies that should command the attention of the fleet operator. For example, despite the state of the art dispatching system employed by the company, we find imbalances in supply …