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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Rodent Dental Microwear Texture Analysis As A Proxy For Fine-Scale Paleoenvironment Reconstruction, Jenny H. E. Burgman
Rodent Dental Microwear Texture Analysis As A Proxy For Fine-Scale Paleoenvironment Reconstruction, Jenny H. E. Burgman
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) of fossil fauna has become a valuable tool for dietary inference and paleoenvironment reconstruction. Most of this work has utilized larger taxa with larger home ranges. These studies may result in broader-scale habitat inferences that could mask the details of complex mosaic habitats. Rodent DMTA offers an opportunity to work at finer spatial scales because most species have smaller home ranges. Rodents are also keystone species within their ecosystems, abundant, ubiquitous, and found in many fossil deposits. These attributes make them excellent proxies for environmental reconstructions. However, the application of DMTA to rodents remains relatively …
Fayetteville And Imo Shales: Punctuated Upper Mississippian Shallowing Upward Sequence, Southern Ozark Region, Northern Arkansas, Joshua Stevens
Fayetteville And Imo Shales: Punctuated Upper Mississippian Shallowing Upward Sequence, Southern Ozark Region, Northern Arkansas, Joshua Stevens
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The late Mississippian lithostratigraphic succession in the southern Ozark region, northern Arkansas, include, in ascending order, the Meramecan Moorefield Shale, Batesville Sandstone (with Hindsville Member); Chesterian Fayetteville Shale and Pitkin Limestone (with Imo Member). This interval is now interpreted as a single transgressive-regressive, unconformity-bounded, eustatic, third order cycle (Stevens and Manger, 2018). The Moorefield lowstand wedge is bound by a basal unconformity and succeeded by the transgressive Batesville Sandstone with its Hindsville Member. This succession reflects accretionary deposition along strike of the rising strand line, likely as a barrier island system, as its equivalents are shale (basinward) and limestone (laterally …
Provenance And Maximum Depositional Age Analysis Of The Moenave Formation Using Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology And Sandstone Petrography, Asher Rea Boudreaux
Provenance And Maximum Depositional Age Analysis Of The Moenave Formation Using Detrital Zircon U-Pb Geochronology And Sandstone Petrography, Asher Rea Boudreaux
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
In southwestern Utah and northeastern Arizona, Moenave Formation (latest Triassic(?)-Jurassic) is bracketed by well-studied Mesozoic units extensively sampled for detrital zircon geochronology and is poorly documented in regard to provenance, representing an important gap in knowledge. The Moenave Formation provides a unique opportunity to employ detrital zircon U-Pb geochronology and sandstone petrography relevant to completing the paleogeographic, evolutionary, and climatic story of the region. This study aims to characterize the sedimentary provenance of the Moenave Formation and to identify, or at least improve constraints on, the stratigraphic position of the Triassic-Jurassic boundary (TJB) and placement of the end-Triassic extinction (ETE), …
Dental Microwear Textures Of Paranthropus Robustus From Kromdraai, Drimolen, And An Enlarged Sample From Swartkrans: Ecological And Intraspecific Variation, Alexandria Sachiko Peterson
Dental Microwear Textures Of Paranthropus Robustus From Kromdraai, Drimolen, And An Enlarged Sample From Swartkrans: Ecological And Intraspecific Variation, Alexandria Sachiko Peterson
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The original microwear texture baseline for South African hominins was done by Scott et al. (2005) and concluded that Paranthropus robustus exhibited higher complexity values (Asfc) that are seen in occasional hard object feeders. Australopithecus africanus has higher anisotropy values (epLsar) consistent with consuming tough objects. This study expands upon this baseline by increasing the sample size from n = 9 for P. robustus and n = 10 for Au. africanus to n = 66 and n = 44, respectively. Additionally, this study incorporates multiple different sites and deposits. The P. robustus sample includes Drimolen, Kromdraai, and an expanded sample …
Lithologic Character Of The Paleozoic Sandstone Succession, Southern Ozark Region, Arkansas, And Missouri, E. C. Bello
Lithologic Character Of The Paleozoic Sandstone Succession, Southern Ozark Region, Arkansas, And Missouri, E. C. Bello
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Sandstones comprise nearly half of the Paleozoic (Upper Cambrian-Middle Pennsylvania) lithostratigraphic succession in the southern Ozark region of northern Arkansas and southern Missouri. They record five distinct, but related intervals characterized by 1) Upper Cambrian arkoses resting unconformably on Precambrian granite; 2) Lower Ordovician reworked subarkoses, sublitharentites, and quartzites; 3) Lower Ordovician to Lower Mississippian reworked orthoquartzites; 4) Upper Mississippian first cycle sandstones with few metamorphic rock fragments (mrfs); 5) Lower Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) first cycle sandstones with common mrfs and Middle Pennsylvanian (Atokan) first cycle sandstones with common to abundant mrfs. These sandstones accumulated on a gently sloping cratonic platform …
Age And Correlation Of The Moorefield Shale (Upper Mississippian) In Its Type Area, Northeastern Arkansas, O. Dalu, W. S. Coffey, W. L. Manger
Age And Correlation Of The Moorefield Shale (Upper Mississippian) In Its Type Area, Northeastern Arkansas, O. Dalu, W. S. Coffey, W. L. Manger
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
The name Moorefield was proposed by Adams and Ulrich (1904) for exposures of gray to brown, phosphatic shale with a basal limestone, overlying the Lower Mississippian Boone Formation, and underlying the Upper Mississippian Batesville Sandstone, in the vicinity of Moorefield, Independence County, northeastern Arkansas. Gordon (1944) 1) restricted the name Moorefield to the lower limestone-bearing interval, 2) applied a new name, Ruddell, to the succeeding shale section that comprises the bulk of the interval, with a type area near Moorefield, and 3) interpreted the interval contacts as unconformities. The name Ruddell was used for the revised Geological Map of Arkansas …
Paleoclimate Implications From Stable Isotope Analysis Of Sedimentary Organic Carbon And Vertebrate Fossils From The Cedar Mountain Formation, Ut, U.S.A., Garrett Andrew Hatzell
Paleoclimate Implications From Stable Isotope Analysis Of Sedimentary Organic Carbon And Vertebrate Fossils From The Cedar Mountain Formation, Ut, U.S.A., Garrett Andrew Hatzell
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Oxygen and carbon isotopic compositions of fossilized vertebrate teeth and bone were analyzed to determine isotopic values of vertebrate faunal diet from the early Cretaceous Cedar Mountain Formation of Utah. Results for δ18O of PO4 (δ18Op) (Suarez et al., 2014) from the same data set have been compared to the δ18O of CO3 (δ18Oc) portion of teeth and turtle shell to determine if diagenetic alteration of the isotopes has occurred by plotting the line of best fit equation that models the relationship between unaltered δ18OP and δ18OC of modern mammals from Iacumin et al., 1996. Results indicate slight diagenesis of …
Effects Of Instrumentation On Dental Microwear Textures: Reanalysis And Augmentation Of An Early Hominin Sample, Anna Jacquelyn Ragni
Effects Of Instrumentation On Dental Microwear Textures: Reanalysis And Augmentation Of An Early Hominin Sample, Anna Jacquelyn Ragni
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Dental microwear texture analysis has been refined to a methodology relying upon scanning confocal microscopy for its advantages of repeatability and standardized quantification. A new instrument, the Plu Neox (Sensofar Corp.) confocal profiler recently entered the market, sparking questions among dental anthropologists related to the advantages and efficacy of this new technology, which has better resolution and lighting properties than previously available white-lighted based confocal profilers. This thesis reports on three complementary studies that set out to evaluate the comparability of the Plu Neox to the Plu Standard system and assess its ability to distinguish primates on the basis of …
Morphometric Analysis Of Dinosaur Tracks From Southwest Arkansas, R. Shell, Stephen K. Boss
Morphometric Analysis Of Dinosaur Tracks From Southwest Arkansas, R. Shell, Stephen K. Boss
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Dinosaur trackways were discovered in Cretaceous De Queen Limestone strata in Howard County, Arkansas, in June 2011. Multiple trackways with variably sized tridactyl tracks were exposed in a commercial quarry, suggesting multiple theropod species or adult and juvenile tracks of a single species. Results of morphometric analyses of 32 plaster casts from selected trackways are reported in an effort to identify the specific track-making dinosaurs and differentiate large and small tracks. Track measurements included length and width of each track, the lengths and widths of each digit impression, and the angular spread (divarication) between digit impressions. Twenty-nine plaster casts were …
The Use Of Diatoms To Infer Environmental Change Of The Lower White River, Southeastern Arkansas, Ruchi Bhattacharya
The Use Of Diatoms To Infer Environmental Change Of The Lower White River, Southeastern Arkansas, Ruchi Bhattacharya
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation describes the limnology of the lower White River oxbow lakes in southeast Arkansas, inundated by the major 2008 spring flood. The flood water and sediment deposited in oxbow lakes were analyzed for water chemistry, sediment geochemistry and diatom assemblages and used as an analogue for past floods. The 2008 spring flood inundated and homogenized the entire floodplain; also represented by the predominantly planktonic diatom assemblage suggesting riverine input. Indicator species for eutrophication were also recorded consistent with the high nutrient content in the lakes. However, the variance in the surface diatom assemblage was best explained by the lake …
Large Pleistocene Box Turtle From Southwest Arkansas, Leo Carson Davis, John G. Scoggins, J. Alan Holman
Large Pleistocene Box Turtle From Southwest Arkansas, Leo Carson Davis, John G. Scoggins, J. Alan Holman
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Discovery Of Fossil Cretaceous Bird In Southwest Arkansas, Leo Carson Davis, Kathie Harris
Discovery Of Fossil Cretaceous Bird In Southwest Arkansas, Leo Carson Davis, Kathie Harris
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Pleistocene Mammals From The South Sulphur River, Hunt County, Texas, Leo Carson Davis, Kenneth M. Ball
Pleistocene Mammals From The South Sulphur River, Hunt County, Texas, Leo Carson Davis, Kenneth M. Ball
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Preliminary collecting and excavating along the South Sulphur River has produced a diverse list of fossil mammals. The pampathere, Holmesina septentrionalis, and the large armadillo, Dasypus bellus, with their southern affinities from the extinct megafauna, were found in association with Microtus pennsylvanicus, which has a northern distribution at present. This combination of species argues for climatic conditions and biotic communities during the Pleistocene that have no modern counterparts.
Efficiency In Collecting Fossils, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis
Efficiency In Collecting Fossils, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
Two hundred seventy-two kilograms of sediments and fossils were collected from 1 meter square plots on lake beach and river gravel bars to compare the efficiency of surface collecting with that of intensive laboratory processing. Collecting fossils by visual inspection of the outcrop required an average of 14 minutes 56 seconds per square meter and resulted in 319 vertebrate and 1320 invertebrate fossils. The ratio of time spent collecting and processing sediments to time spent in surface collecting fossils was 4.66:1. The ratio of invertebrates produced by the intensive laboratory process to invertebrates produced by surface collecting was 4.80:1. Vertebrate …
Sr/Mg Ratios Of Pennsylvanian Limestone Units In Northwest Arkansas, George H. Wagner, Kenneth F. Steele, Doy L. Zachry
Sr/Mg Ratios Of Pennsylvanian Limestone Units In Northwest Arkansas, George H. Wagner, Kenneth F. Steele, Doy L. Zachry
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Occurrence Of The Puma, Felis Concolor, From Svendsen Cave, Marion County, Arkansas, William L. Puckette
Occurrence Of The Puma, Felis Concolor, From Svendsen Cave, Marion County, Arkansas, William L. Puckette
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
A partial skeleton including fragmental skull and mandibles of the puma, Felis concolor, was recovered from Svendsen Cave, Marion County, Arkansas. The remains are thought to be of Late Pleistocene (Wisconsin) or Sub-recent age. Fossil records of the puma are rare and only one other Pleistocene or Sub-recent site in Arkansas, Conard Fissure, has yielded remains which could be assigned to this large felid.
The Hazen Mammoth (Mammuthus Columbi), Prairie County, Arkansas, William L. Puckette, James A. Scholtz
The Hazen Mammoth (Mammuthus Columbi), Prairie County, Arkansas, William L. Puckette, James A. Scholtz
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
In May 1965, mammoth remains were exposed during the excavation of a borrow pit for construction of Interstate Highway 40, 2 mi northeast of Hazen, Prairie County, Arkansas. The proboscidian remains consisted of a skull with tusks, mandibles, atlas and other skeletal elements. The vertebra material was scattered over approximately 150 m (1,600 sq ft) but was confined to a layer of red clayey-silt 6.7 m (22 ft) below the surface. No additional fauna or flora was recovered. The mammoth remains are referred to Mammuthus columbi (Falconer, 1857) on the basis of characteristics of the dentition, particularly the comparison of …
Proetid Trilobite From The Boone Formation In Arkansas, John D. Taylor
Proetid Trilobite From The Boone Formation In Arkansas, John D. Taylor
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Osagean Trilobites In Arkansas, John D. Taylor
Osagean Trilobites In Arkansas, John D. Taylor
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Arkansas Trilobite From Lower Ordovician Rocks, John D. Taylor
Arkansas Trilobite From Lower Ordovician Rocks, John D. Taylor
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Paleozoic Analogues Of Recent Carbonates, Tom Freeman
Paleozoic Analogues Of Recent Carbonates, Tom Freeman
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Application Of Palynology To The Study Of Tertiary Rocks Of The Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Eugene L. Jones
Application Of Palynology To The Study Of Tertiary Rocks Of The Coastal Plain Of Arkansas, Eugene L. Jones
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Interpretation Of Fracture Patterns In The Kennebago Lake Quadrangle, Maine, Robert J. Willard
Interpretation Of Fracture Patterns In The Kennebago Lake Quadrangle, Maine, Robert J. Willard
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.
Mastodon Find From Southwestern Arkansas, George E. Fay
Mastodon Find From Southwestern Arkansas, George E. Fay
Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science
No abstract provided.