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Articles 1 - 13 of 13
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
The Occurrence Of Ionospheric Signatures Of Plasmaspheric Plumes Over Different Longitudinal Sectors, E. Yizengaw, J. Dewar, J. Macneil, D. Galvan, Jeff Sanny, David Berube, B. Sandel
The Occurrence Of Ionospheric Signatures Of Plasmaspheric Plumes Over Different Longitudinal Sectors, E. Yizengaw, J. Dewar, J. Macneil, D. Galvan, Jeff Sanny, David Berube, B. Sandel
Physics Faculty Works
Plasmaspheric plumes have ionospheric signatures and are observed as storm-enhanced density (SED) in global positioning system (GPS) total electron content (TEC). These ionospheric signatures have been primarily observed over the American sector and in a few limited examples over the European sector. This study examines the longitudinal occurrence frequency of plasmaspheric plumes. We analyzed all images from the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) Extreme Ultraviolet Imager (EUV) databases for the first half of 2001 and identified a total of 31 distinct plume intervals observed during different storm events. Out of the total IMAGE EUV plumes that we identified, 12 …
Future Changes In Snowmelt-Driven Runoff Timing Over The Western Us, Sara A. Rauscher, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Michael M. Benedetti
Future Changes In Snowmelt-Driven Runoff Timing Over The Western Us, Sara A. Rauscher, Jeremy S. Pal, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Michael M. Benedetti
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
We use a high-resolution nested climate model to investigate future changes in snowmelt-driven runoff (SDR) over the western US. Comparison of modeled and observed daily runoff data reveals that the regional model captures the present-day timing and trends of SDR. Results from an A2 scenario simulation indicate that increases in seasonal temperature of approximately 3° to 5°C resulting from increasing greenhouse gas concentrations could cause SDR to occur as much as two months earlier than present. These large changes result from an amplified snow-albedo feedback driven by the topographic complexity of the region, which is more accurately resolved in a …
Improving The Computer Science In Bioinformatics Through Open Source Pedagogy, John David N. Dionisio, Kam D. Dahlquist
Improving The Computer Science In Bioinformatics Through Open Source Pedagogy, John David N. Dionisio, Kam D. Dahlquist
Biology Faculty Works
Bioinformatics relies more than ever on information technologies. This pressures scientists to keep up with software development best practices. However, traditional computer science curricula do not necessarily expose students to collaborative and long-lived software development. Using open source principles, practices, and tools forms an effective pedagogy for software development best practices. This paper reports on a bioinformatics teaching framework implemented through courses introducing computer science students to the field. The courses led to an initial product release consisting of software and an Escherichia coli K12 GenMAPP Gene Database, within a total "incubation time" of six months.
Unparticle-Enhanced Black Holes At The Lhc, Jonas R. Mureika
Unparticle-Enhanced Black Holes At The Lhc, Jonas R. Mureika
Physics Faculty Works
Based on the idea that tensor unparticles can enhance the gravitational interactions between standard model particles, potential black hole formation in high energy collisions is examined. Modifications to the horizon radius rH are derived, and the corresponding geometric cross-sections of such objects are calculated. It is shown that rH increases dramatically to the electroweak scale for masses MBH∼1–10 TeV, yielding a geometric cross-section σBH=πr2H on the order of ⩽50 pb. This suggests that unparticle physics provides a mechanism for black hole formation in future accelerators, without the requirement of extra spatial dimensions.
Eight Minutes And A Half, Gabriele U. Varieschi
Eight Minutes And A Half, Gabriele U. Varieschi
Physics Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
Carbonyl Sulfide (Ocs): Large Scale Distributions Over North America During Intex-Na And Relationship To Co2, Lambert Doezema
Carbonyl Sulfide (Ocs): Large Scale Distributions Over North America During Intex-Na And Relationship To Co2, Lambert Doezema
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Works
An extensive set of carbonyl sulfide (OCS) observations were made as part of the NASA Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment-North America (INTEX-NA) study, flown from 1 July to 14 August 2004 mostly over the eastern United States and Canada. These data show that summertime OCS mixing ratios at low altitude were dominated by surface drawdown and were highly correlated with CO2. Although local plumes were observed on some low-altitude flight legs, anthropogenic OCS sources were small compared to this sink. These INTEX-NA observations were in marked contrast to the early springtime 2001 Transport and Chemical Evolution over the Pacific experiment, which …
Should I Stay Or Should I Go? Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors 1 And 1a Control Start Codon Recognition, Sarah F. Mitchell
Should I Stay Or Should I Go? Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factors 1 And 1a Control Start Codon Recognition, Sarah F. Mitchell
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Works
Start codon selection is a key step in translation initiation as it sets the reading frame for decoding. Two eukaryotic initiation factors, eIF1 and eIF1A, are key actors in this process. Recent work has elucidated many details of the mechanisms these factors use to control start site selection. eIF1 prevents the irreversible GTP hydrolysis that commits the ribosome to initiation at a particular codon. eIF1A both promotes and inhibits commitment through the competing influences of its two unstructured termini. Both factors perform their tasks through a variety of interactions with other components of the initiation machinery, in many cases mediated …
Intrinsic Linking And Knotting Are Arbitrarily Complex, Erica Flapan, Blake Mellor, Ramin Naimi
Intrinsic Linking And Knotting Are Arbitrarily Complex, Erica Flapan, Blake Mellor, Ramin Naimi
Mathematics Faculty Works
We show that, given any n and α, every embedding of any sufficiently large complete graph in R3 contains an oriented link with components Q1, ..., Qn such that for every i≠j, $|\lk(Q_i,Q_j)|\geq\alpha$ and |a2(Qi)|≥α, where a2(Qi) denotes the second coefficient of the Conway polynomial of Qi.
The Biot-Savart Law: From Infinitesimal To Infinite, Jeffrey A. Phillips, Jeff Sanny
The Biot-Savart Law: From Infinitesimal To Infinite, Jeffrey A. Phillips, Jeff Sanny
Physics Faculty Works
In this paper, we discuss a simple apparatus and accompanying class activity that we have developed to illustrate the Biot-Savart law. Since students in introductory electricity and magnetism courses often find this law a mathematical mystery, we feel that a simple experiment such as this will provide the students a better understanding of the concepts introduced. By collecting data from several finite segment lengths, students are able to infer the 1/r2 distance dependence of the magnetic field for infinitesimal segments and the 1/r dependence for infinite wires.
Weight Systems For Milnor Invariants, Blake Mellor
Weight Systems For Milnor Invariants, Blake Mellor
Mathematics Faculty Works
We use Polyak's skein relation to give a new proof that Milnor's string link homotopy invariants are finite type invariants, and to develop a recursive relation for their associated weight systems. We show that the obstruction to the triviality of these weight systems is the presence of a certain kind of spanning tree in the intersection graph of a chord diagram.
Musical Actions Of Dihedral Groups, Alissa S. Crans, Thomas M. Fiore, Ramon Satyendra
Musical Actions Of Dihedral Groups, Alissa S. Crans, Thomas M. Fiore, Ramon Satyendra
Mathematics Faculty Works
The sequence of pitches which form a musical melody can be transposed or inverted. Since the 1970s, music theorists have modeled musical transposition and inversion in terms of an action of the dihedral group of order 24. More recently music theorists have found an intriguing second way that the dihedral group of order 24 acts on the set of major and minor chords. We illustrate both geometrically and algebraically how these two actions are {\it dual}. Both actions and their duality have been used to analyze works of music as diverse as Hindemith and the Beatles.
Cohomology Of Categorical Self-Distributivity, J. Scott Carter, Alissa S. Crans, Mohamed Elhamdadi, Masahico Saito
Cohomology Of Categorical Self-Distributivity, J. Scott Carter, Alissa S. Crans, Mohamed Elhamdadi, Masahico Saito
Mathematics Faculty Works
We define self-distributive structures in the categories of coalgebras and cocommutative coalgebras. We obtain examples from vector spaces whose bases are the elements of finite quandles, the direct sum of a Lie algebra with its ground field, and Hopf algebras. The self-distributive operations of these structures provide solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation, and, conversely, solutions of the Yang–Baxter equation can be used to construct self-distributive operations in certain categories. Moreover, we present a cohomology theory that encompasses both Lie algebra and quandle cohomologies, is analogous to Hochschild cohomology, and can be used to study deformations of these self-distributive structures. All …
Value Monoids Of Zero-Dimensional Valuations Of Rank 1, Edward Mosteig
Value Monoids Of Zero-Dimensional Valuations Of Rank 1, Edward Mosteig
Mathematics Faculty Works
Classically, Grobner bases are computed by first prescribing a set monomial order. Moss Sweedler suggested an alternative and developed a framework to perform such computations by using valuation rings in place of monomial orders. We build on these ideas by providing a class of valuations on k(x, y) that are suitable for this framework. For these valuations, we compute ν(k[x, y] ∗ ) and use this to perform computations concerning ideals in the polynomial ring k[x, y]. Interestingly, for these valuations, some ideals have a finite Grobner basis with respect to the valuation that is not …