Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
- Keyword
-
- Abstract Reasoning (1)
- Activation (1)
- Astrophysics (1)
- Behavior (1)
- CA2+ Release (1)
-
- Cells (1)
- Channels (1)
- Climate change (1)
- Coefficients (1)
- Cognitive Ability (1)
- College Science (1)
- Convective storm (1)
- Correlation (1)
- Curriculum reform (1)
- Degrees of polynomials (1)
- General Relativity (1)
- General relativity (1)
- Geometric Topology (1)
- Geophysical (1)
- High Energy Physics Theory (1)
- High Schools (1)
- Integers (1)
- Intervention (1)
- Intrinsically knotted (1)
- Intrinsically linked (1)
- Knot theory (1)
- Local Control (1)
- Mathematical constants (1)
- Mathematical theorems (1)
- Mechanics (Physics) (1)
Articles 1 - 19 of 19
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Changes In Severe Thunderstorm Environment Frequency During The 21st Century Caused By Anthropogenically Enhanced Global Radiative Forcing, Robert J. Trapp, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Harold E. Brooks, Michael E. Baldwin, Eric D. Robinson, Jeremy S. Pal
Changes In Severe Thunderstorm Environment Frequency During The 21st Century Caused By Anthropogenically Enhanced Global Radiative Forcing, Robert J. Trapp, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Harold E. Brooks, Michael E. Baldwin, Eric D. Robinson, Jeremy S. Pal
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
Severe thunderstorms comprise an extreme class of deep convective clouds and produce high-impact weather such as destructive surface winds, hail, and tornadoes. This study addresses the question of how severe thunderstorm frequency in the United States might change because of enhanced global radiative forcing associated with elevated greenhouse gas concentrations. We use global climate models and a high-resolution regional climate model to examine the larger-scale (or “environmental”) meteorological conditions that foster severe thunderstorm formation. Across this model suite, we find a net increase during the late 21st century in the number of days in which these severe thunderstorm environmental conditions …
Macroscopic Consequences Of Calcium Signaling In Microdomains: A First-Passage-Time Approach, Robert Rovetti
Macroscopic Consequences Of Calcium Signaling In Microdomains: A First-Passage-Time Approach, Robert Rovetti
Mathematics Faculty Works
Calcium (Ca) plays an important role in regulating various cellular processes. In a variety of cell types, Ca signaling occurs within microdomains where channels deliver localized pulses of Ca activating a nearby collection of Ca-sensitive receptors. The small number of channels involved ensures that the signaling process is stochastic. The aggregate response of several thousand of these microdomains yields a whole-cell response which dictates the cell behavior. Here, we study the statistical properties of a population of these microdomains in response to a trigger signal. We use a first-passage-time approach to show analytically how Ca release in the whole cell …
The Probability Of Relatively Prime Polynomials, Arthur T. Benjamin, Curtis D. Bennett
The Probability Of Relatively Prime Polynomials, Arthur T. Benjamin, Curtis D. Bennett
Mathematics Faculty Works
No abstract provided.
An Open Source Software Culture In The Undergraduate Computer Science Curriculum, John David N. Dionisio, Caskey L. Dickson, Stephanie E. August, Philip M. Dorin, Ray Toal
An Open Source Software Culture In The Undergraduate Computer Science Curriculum, John David N. Dionisio, Caskey L. Dickson, Stephanie E. August, Philip M. Dorin, Ray Toal
Computer Science Faculty Works
Open source software has made inroads into mainstream computing where it was once the territory of software altruists, and the open source culture of technological collegiality and accountability may benefit education as well as industry. This paper describes the Recourse project, which seeks to transform the computer science undergraduate curriculum through teaching methods based on open source principles, values, ethics, and tools. Recourse differs from similar projects by bringing the open source culture into the curriculum comprehensively, systematically, and institutionally. The current state of the project is described, and initial results from a pilot exercise are presented.
Interpreting Force Concept Inventory Scores: Normalizedgain And Sat Scores, Vincent P. Coletta, Jeffrey A. Phillips
Interpreting Force Concept Inventory Scores: Normalizedgain And Sat Scores, Vincent P. Coletta, Jeffrey A. Phillips
Physics Faculty Works
Preinstruction SAT scores and normalized gains (G) on the force concept inventory (FCI) were examined for individual students in interactive engagement (IE) courses in introductory mechanics at one high school (N=335) and one university (N=292), and strong, positive correlations were found for both populations (r=0.57 and r=0.46, respectively). These correlations are likely due to the importance of cognitive skills and abstract reasoning in learning physics. The larger correlation coefficient for the high school population may be a result of the much shorter time interval between taking the SAT and studying mechanics, because the SAT may provide a more current measure …
Fractal Holography: A Geometric Re-Interpretation Of Cosmological Large Scale Structure, Jonas R. Mureika
Fractal Holography: A Geometric Re-Interpretation Of Cosmological Large Scale Structure, Jonas R. Mureika
Physics Faculty Works
The fractal dimension of large-scale galaxy clustering has been demonstrated to be roughly DF∼2 from a wide range of redshift surveys. If correct, this statistic is of interest for two main reasons: fractal scaling is an implicit representation of information content, and also the value itself is a geometric signature of area. It is proposed that the fractal distribution of galaxies may thus be interpreted as a signature of holography (``fractal holography''), providing more support for current theories of holographic cosmologies. Implications for entropy bounds are addressed. In particular, because of spatial scale invariance in the matter distribution, …
Interpreting Force Concept Inventory Scores: Normalized Gain And Sat Scores, Vincent P. Coletta, Jeffrey A. Phillips, Jeffrey J. Steinert
Interpreting Force Concept Inventory Scores: Normalized Gain And Sat Scores, Vincent P. Coletta, Jeffrey A. Phillips, Jeffrey J. Steinert
Physics Faculty Works
Preinstruction SAT scores and normalized gains (G) on the force concept inventory (FCI) were examined for individual students in interactive engagement (IE) courses in introductory mechanics at one high school (N=335) and one university (N=292), and strong, positive correlations were found for both populations (r=0.57 and r=0.46, respectively). These correlations are likely due to the importance of cognitive skills and abstract reasoning in learning physics. The larger correlation coefficient for the high school population may be a result of the much shorter time interval between taking the SAT and studying mechanics, …
Global Profiles Of Compressional Ultralow Frequency Wave Power At Geosynchronous Orbit And Their Response To The Solar Wind, Jeff Sanny, D. Judnick, M. B. Moldwin, David Berube, D. G. Sibeck
Global Profiles Of Compressional Ultralow Frequency Wave Power At Geosynchronous Orbit And Their Response To The Solar Wind, Jeff Sanny, D. Judnick, M. B. Moldwin, David Berube, D. G. Sibeck
Physics Faculty Works
We investigate the global local-time profiles of compressional wave power in three ultralow frequency (ULF) bands corresponding to Pc3, Pc4, and Pc5 pulsations using magnetic field data from the geosynchronous GOES satellites. The global power profiles of the three frequency bands are studied for low, moderate, and high levels of geomagnetic activity based on the Dst index. We also consider the seasonal variation of the ULF power profiles, as well as the effects of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters. For high geomagnetic activity, we find that the greatest power is associated with compressional Pc5 pulsations in the …
Dissociation Of Eif1 From The 40s Ribosomal Subunit Is A Key Step In Start Codon Selection In Vivo, Sarah F. Mitchell
Dissociation Of Eif1 From The 40s Ribosomal Subunit Is A Key Step In Start Codon Selection In Vivo, Sarah F. Mitchell
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Works
Selection of the AUG start codon is a key step in translation initiation requiring hydrolysis of GTP in the eIF2·GTP·Met-tRNA iMet ternary complex (TC) and subsequent Pi release from eIF2·GDP·Pi. It is thought that eIF1 prevents recognition of non-AUGs by promoting scanning and blocking P i release at non-AUG codons. We show that Sui? mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae eIF1, which increase initiation at UUG codons, reduce interaction of eIF1 with 40S subunits in vitro and in vivo, and both defects are diminished in cells by overexpressing the mutant proteins. Remarkably, Sui? mutation ISQLG93-97ASQAA (abbreviated 93-97) accelerates eIF1 dissociation and Pi …
Derived Categories And The Analytic Approach To General Reciprocity Laws. Part Ii, Michael Berg
Derived Categories And The Analytic Approach To General Reciprocity Laws. Part Ii, Michael Berg
Mathematics Faculty Works
Building on the topological foundations constructed in Part I, we now go on to address the homological algebra preparatory to the projected final arithmetical phase of our attack on the analytic proof of general reciprocity for a number field. In the present work, we develop two algebraic frameworks corresponding to two interpretations of Kubota's n-Hilbert reciprocity formalism, presented in a quasi-dualized topological form in Part I, delineating two sheaf-theoretic routes toward resolving the aforementioned (open) problem. The first approach centers on factoring sheaf morphisms eventually to yield a splitting homomorphism for Kubota's n-fold cover of the adelized special linear group …
Regional Climate Modeling For The Developing World: The Ictp Regcm3 And Regcnet, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi, Xunqiang Bi, Nellie Elguindi, Fabien Solmon, Xuejie Gao, Sara A. Rauscher, Raquel Francisco, Ashraf Zakey, Jonathan Winter, Moetasim Ashfaq, Faisal S. Syed, Jason L. Bell, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Jagadish Karmacharya, Abourahamane Konaré, Daniel Martinez, Rosmeri P. Da Rocha, Lisa C. Sloan, Allison L. Steiner
Regional Climate Modeling For The Developing World: The Ictp Regcm3 And Regcnet, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi, Xunqiang Bi, Nellie Elguindi, Fabien Solmon, Xuejie Gao, Sara A. Rauscher, Raquel Francisco, Ashraf Zakey, Jonathan Winter, Moetasim Ashfaq, Faisal S. Syed, Jason L. Bell, Noah S. Diffenbaugh, Jagadish Karmacharya, Abourahamane Konaré, Daniel Martinez, Rosmeri P. Da Rocha, Lisa C. Sloan, Allison L. Steiner
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
Regional climate models are important research tools available to scientists around the world, including in economically developing nations (EDNs). The Earth Systems Physics (ESP) group of the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) maintains and distributes a state-of-the-science regional climate model called the ICTP Regional Climate Model version 3 (RegCM3), which is currently being used by a large research community for a diverse range of climate-related studies. The RegCM3 is the central, but not only, tool of the ICTP-maintained Regional Climate Research Network (RegCNET) aimed at creating south–south and north–south scientific interactions on the topic of climate and …
Connection Between Spring Conditions And Peak Summer Monsoon Rainfall In South America: Role Of Soil Moisture, Surface Temperature, And Topography In Eastern Brazil, Alice M. Grimm, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi
Connection Between Spring Conditions And Peak Summer Monsoon Rainfall In South America: Role Of Soil Moisture, Surface Temperature, And Topography In Eastern Brazil, Alice M. Grimm, Jeremy S. Pal, Filippo Giorgi
Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty Works
A link between peak summer monsoon rainfall in central-east Brazil, composing part of the South American monsoon core region, and antecedent conditions in spring is disclosed. Rainfall in this region during part of spring holds a significant inverse correlation with rainfall in peak summer, especially during ENSO years. A surface–atmosphere feedback hypothesis is proposed to explain this relationship: low spring precipitation leads to low spring soil moisture and high late spring surface temperature; this induces a topographically enhanced low-level anomalous convergence and cyclonic circulation over southeast Brazil that enhances the moisture flux from northern and central South America into central-east …
Computing Boundary Slopes Of 2-Bridge Links, Jim Hoste, Patrick Shanahan
Computing Boundary Slopes Of 2-Bridge Links, Jim Hoste, Patrick Shanahan
Mathematics Faculty Works
We describe an algorithm for computing boundary slopes of 2-bridge links. As an example, we work out the slopes of the links obtained by 1/k surgery on one component of the Borromean rings. A table of all boundary slopes of all 2-bridge links with 10 or less crossings is also included.
Virtual Spatial Graphs, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
Virtual Spatial Graphs, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
Mathematics Faculty Works
Two natural generalizations of knot theory are t he study of spatially embedded graphs, and Kauffman's theory of virtual knots. In this paper we combine these approaches to begin the study of virtual spat ial graphs.
Cohomology Of The Adjoint Of Hopf Algebras, J. Scott Carter, Alissa S. Crans, Mohamed Elhamdadi, Masahico Saito
Cohomology Of The Adjoint Of Hopf Algebras, J. Scott Carter, Alissa S. Crans, Mohamed Elhamdadi, Masahico Saito
Mathematics Faculty Works
A cohomology theory of the adjoint of Hopf algebras, via deformations, is presented by means of diagrammatic techniques. Explicit calculations are provided in the cases of group algebras, function algebras on groups, and the bosonization of the super line. As applications, solutions to the YBE are given and quandle cocycles are constructed from groupoid cocycles.
Exotic Statistics For Strings In 4d Bf Theory, John C. Baez, Derek K. Wise, Alissa S. Crans
Exotic Statistics For Strings In 4d Bf Theory, John C. Baez, Derek K. Wise, Alissa S. Crans
Mathematics Faculty Works
After a review of exotic statistics for point particles in 3d BF theory, and especially 3d quantum gravity, we show that string-like defects in 4d BF theory obey exotic statistics governed by the 'loop braid group'. This group has a set of generators that switch two strings just as one would normally switch point particles, but also a set of generators that switch two strings by passing one through the other. The first set generates a copy of the symmetric group, while the second generates a copy of the braid group. Thanks to recent work of Xiao-Song Lin, we can …
Intrinsic Linking And Knotting In Virtual Spatial Graphs, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
Intrinsic Linking And Knotting In Virtual Spatial Graphs, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
Mathematics Faculty Works
We introduce a notion of intrinsic linking and knotting for virtual spatial graphs. Our theory gives two filtrations of the set of all graphs, allowing us to measure, in a sense, how intrinsically linked or knotted a graph is; we show that these filtrations are descending and nonterminating. We also provide several examples of intrinsically virtually linked and knotted graphs. As a byproduct, we introduce the virtual unknotting number of a knot, and show that any knot with nontrivial Jones polynomial has virtual unknotting number at least 2.
Boundary Slopes Of 2-Bridge Links Determine The Crossing Number, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan
Boundary Slopes Of 2-Bridge Links Determine The Crossing Number, Jim Hoste, Patrick D. Shanahan
Mathematics Faculty Works
A diagonal surface in a link exterior M is a properly embedded, incompressible, boundary incompressible surface which furthermore has the same number of boundary components and the same slope on each component of the boundary of M. We derive a formula for the boundary slope of a diagonal surface in the exterior of a 2-bridge link which is analogous to the formula for the boundary slope of a 2-bridge knot found by Hatcher and Thurston. Using this formula we show that the diameter of a 2-bridge link, that is, the difference between the smallest and largest finite slopes of …
An Introduction To Virtual Spatial Graph Theory, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
An Introduction To Virtual Spatial Graph Theory, Thomas Fleming, Blake Mellor
Mathematics Faculty Works
Two natural generalizations of knot theory are the study of spatial graphs and virtual knots. Our goal is to unify these two approaches into the study of virtual spatial graphs. We state the definitions, provide some examples, and survey the known results. We hope that this paper will help lead to rapid development of the area.