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Edith Cowan University

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Articles 1 - 30 of 1515

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Environmental Dna Identifies Coastal Plant Community Shift 1,000 Years Ago In Torrens Island, South Australia, Nicole R. Foster, Alice R. Jones, Oscar Serrano, Anna Lafratta, Paul S. Lavery, Kor-Jent Van Dijk, Ed Biffin, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Jennifer Young, Pere Masque, Patricia S. Gadd, Geraldine E. Jacobsen, Atun Zawadzki, Andria Greene, Michelle Waycott Dec 2024

Environmental Dna Identifies Coastal Plant Community Shift 1,000 Years Ago In Torrens Island, South Australia, Nicole R. Foster, Alice R. Jones, Oscar Serrano, Anna Lafratta, Paul S. Lavery, Kor-Jent Van Dijk, Ed Biffin, Bronwyn M. Gillanders, Jennifer Young, Pere Masque, Patricia S. Gadd, Geraldine E. Jacobsen, Atun Zawadzki, Andria Greene, Michelle Waycott

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Anthropogenic activities are causing detrimental changes to coastal plants– namely seagrass, mangrove, and tidal marshes. Looking beyond recent times to past vegetation dynamics is critical to assess the response and resilience of an environment to change. Here, we develop a high-resolution multi-proxy approach, providing a new evidence base to decipher long-term change in coastal plant communities. Combining targeted environmental DNA analysis with chemical analysis of soils, we reconstructed 4,000 years of change at a temperate wetland on Torrens Island South Australia and identified an ecosystem shift that occurred ~ 1000 years ago. What was once a subtidal seagrass system shifted …

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Jamming Precoding In Af Relay-Aided Plc Systems With Multiple Eavessdroppers, Zhengmin Kong, Jiaxing Cui, Li Ding, Tao Huang, Shihao Yan Dec 2024

Jamming Precoding In Af Relay-Aided Plc Systems With Multiple Eavessdroppers, Zhengmin Kong, Jiaxing Cui, Li Ding, Tao Huang, Shihao Yan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Enhancing information security has become increasingly significant in the digital age. This paper investigates the concept of physical layer security (PLS) within a relay-aided power line communication (PLC) system operating over a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel based on MK model. Specifically, we examine the transmission of confidential signals between a source and a distant destination while accounting for the presence of multiple eavesdroppers, both colluding and non-colluding. We propose a two-phase jamming scheme that leverages a full-duplex (FD) amplify-and-forward (AF) relay to address this challenge. Our primary objective is to maximize the secrecy rate, which necessitates the optimization of the …

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Exploring Post-Covid-19 Health Effects And Features With Advanced Machine Learning Techniques, Muhammad N. Islam, Md S. Islam, Nahid H. Shourav, Iftiaqur Rahman, Faiz A. Faisal, Md M. Islam, Iqbal H. Sarker Dec 2024

Exploring Post-Covid-19 Health Effects And Features With Advanced Machine Learning Techniques, Muhammad N. Islam, Md S. Islam, Nahid H. Shourav, Iftiaqur Rahman, Faiz A. Faisal, Md M. Islam, Iqbal H. Sarker

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

COVID-19 is an infectious respiratory disease that has had a significant impact, resulting in a range of outcomes including recovery, continued health issues, and the loss of life. Among those who have recovered, many experience negative health effects, particularly influenced by demographic factors such as gender and age, as well as physiological and neurological factors like sleep patterns, emotional states, anxiety, and memory. This research aims to explore various health factors affecting different demographic profiles and establish significant correlations among physiological and neurological factors in the post-COVID-19 state. To achieve these objectives, we have identified the post-COVID-19 health factors and …

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Evaluation Of Mechanical Vapor Recompression And Easy Multi-Effect Desalination Systems In Different Climate Conditions-Sensitivity And 7e Analysis, Hamed Kariman, Mehdi Khiadani, Siamak Hoseinzadeh, Shahin Shoeibi, Abdellah Shafieian Aug 2024

Evaluation Of Mechanical Vapor Recompression And Easy Multi-Effect Desalination Systems In Different Climate Conditions-Sensitivity And 7e Analysis, Hamed Kariman, Mehdi Khiadani, Siamak Hoseinzadeh, Shahin Shoeibi, Abdellah Shafieian

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Evaporative desalination systems, such as Multi-Effect Desalination (MED) and Mechanical Vapor Recompression (MVR), play important roles in addressing this challenge. Although large-scale desalination systems possess limitations in catering to the water demands of remote regions and islands and entail the cost of water transportation to residential areas, it is imperative to concentrate on studying the feasibility of employing centralized evaporative water production systems. Firstly, in this study, the initial focus is on conducting energy and exergy analyses of MVR and Easy MED systems, with a goal of enhancing knowledge about the energy consumption, exergy destruction and exergetic efficiency of these …

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Cellulosic Rich Biomass Production With Optimized Process Parameters By Using Glycerol Pretreatment For Biofuels Applications, Muhammad Sulaiman, Hamayoun Mahmood, Haris M. Khan, Tanveer Iqbal, Nehar U. Khan, Muhammad M. Abbas, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar Jul 2024

Cellulosic Rich Biomass Production With Optimized Process Parameters By Using Glycerol Pretreatment For Biofuels Applications, Muhammad Sulaiman, Hamayoun Mahmood, Haris M. Khan, Tanveer Iqbal, Nehar U. Khan, Muhammad M. Abbas, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

In this work, we conduct acidified aqueous glycerol pre-treatment (AAG) on rice husks (RH) and utilize the response surface methodology (RSM) to assess the impact of pre-treatment parameters. The primary objective of this research is to optimize the parameters to maximize the cellulose content within RH. The parameters under consideration encompassed temperature (ranging from 80 to 110 °C), retention time (spanning 15 to 45 min), and biomass loading (varying from 5 to 10 wt. %). To achieve this optimization, we perform the Box-Behnken Design (BBD) within the framework of RSM. Additionally, we scrutinize the interactive effects of these parameters on …

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Understanding The Impact Of Microplastic Contamination On Soil Quality And Eco-Toxicological Risks In Horticulture: A Comprehensive Review, N. P. Gayathri, Geena Prasad, Vaishna Prabhakaran, Vishnu Priya Jun 2024

Understanding The Impact Of Microplastic Contamination On Soil Quality And Eco-Toxicological Risks In Horticulture: A Comprehensive Review, N. P. Gayathri, Geena Prasad, Vaishna Prabhakaran, Vishnu Priya

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The horticulture sector, essential for global food production, confronts significant challenges with prevalent pollutants, mainly microplastics. The presence of microplastics in the food chain has induced physiological stress and a multifactorial food safety concern. The complexity of the problem, arising from intricate interactions among microplastics, organisms, and ecosystems, poses a substantial challenge to food safety, necessitating an immediate strategic perspective due to the associated risks to human health and eco-toxicology. Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding their impact on terrestrial ecosystems, especially in horticulture. This study addresses the urgent need to comprehend the implications of microplastics on soil health, eco-toxicological risks, …

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Advective And Diffusive Gas Phase Transport In Vadose Zones: Importance For Defining Vapour Risks And Natural Source Zone Depletion Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Kaveh Sookhak Lari, Greg B. Davis, John L. Rayner, Trevor P. Bastow May 2024

Advective And Diffusive Gas Phase Transport In Vadose Zones: Importance For Defining Vapour Risks And Natural Source Zone Depletion Of Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Kaveh Sookhak Lari, Greg B. Davis, John L. Rayner, Trevor P. Bastow

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Quantifying the interlinked behaviour of the soil microbiome, fluid flow, multi-component transport and partitioning, and biodegradation is key to characterising vapour risks and natural source zone depletion (NSZD) of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) petroleum hydrocarbons. Critical to vapour transport and NSZD is transport of gases through the vadose zone (oxygen from the atmosphere, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), methane and carbon dioxide from the zone of LNAPL biodegradation). Volatilisation of VOCs from LNAPL, aerobic biodegradation, methanogenesis and heat production all generate gas pressure changes that may lead to enhanced gas fluxes apart from diffusion. Despite the importance of the gaseous …

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Agriculture 4.0 And Beyond: Evaluating Cyber Threat Intelligence Sources And Techniques In Smart Farming Ecosystems, Hang T. Bui, Hamed Aboutorab, Arash Mahboubi, Yansong Gao, Nazatul H. Sultan, Aufeef Chauhan, Mohammad Z. Parvez, Michael Bewong, Rafiqul Islam, Zahid Islam, Seyit A. Camtepe, Praveen Gauravaram, Dineshkumar Singh, M. A. Babar, Shihao Yan May 2024

Agriculture 4.0 And Beyond: Evaluating Cyber Threat Intelligence Sources And Techniques In Smart Farming Ecosystems, Hang T. Bui, Hamed Aboutorab, Arash Mahboubi, Yansong Gao, Nazatul H. Sultan, Aufeef Chauhan, Mohammad Z. Parvez, Michael Bewong, Rafiqul Islam, Zahid Islam, Seyit A. Camtepe, Praveen Gauravaram, Dineshkumar Singh, M. A. Babar, Shihao Yan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The digitisation of agriculture, integral to Agriculture 4.0, has brought significant benefits while simultaneously escalating cybersecurity risks. With the rapid adoption of smart farming technologies and infrastructure, the agricultural sector has become an attractive target for cyberattacks. This paper presents a systematic literature review that assesses the applicability of existing cyber threat intelligence (CTI) techniques within smart farming infrastructures (SFIs). We develop a comprehensive taxonomy of CTI techniques and sources, specifically tailored to the SFI context, addressing the unique cyber threat challenges in this domain. A crucial finding of our review is the identified need for a virtual Chief Information …

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Australian Non-Perennial Rivers: Global Lessons And Research Opportunities, Margaret Shanafield, Melanie Blanchette, Edoardo Daly, Naomi Wells, Ryan M. Burrows, Kathryn Korbel, Gabriel C. Rau, Sarah Bourke, Gresley Wakelin-King, Aleicia Holland, Timothy Ralph, Gavan Mcgrath, Belinda Robson, Keirnan Fowler, Martin S. Andersen, Songyan Yu, Christopher S. Jones, Nathan Waltham, Eddie W. Banks, Alissa Flatley, Catherine Leigh, Sally Maxwell, Andre Siebers, Nick Bond, Leah Beesley, Grant Hose, Jordan Iles, Ian Cartwright, Michael Reid, Thiaggo De Castro Tayer, Clément Duvert May 2024

Australian Non-Perennial Rivers: Global Lessons And Research Opportunities, Margaret Shanafield, Melanie Blanchette, Edoardo Daly, Naomi Wells, Ryan M. Burrows, Kathryn Korbel, Gabriel C. Rau, Sarah Bourke, Gresley Wakelin-King, Aleicia Holland, Timothy Ralph, Gavan Mcgrath, Belinda Robson, Keirnan Fowler, Martin S. Andersen, Songyan Yu, Christopher S. Jones, Nathan Waltham, Eddie W. Banks, Alissa Flatley, Catherine Leigh, Sally Maxwell, Andre Siebers, Nick Bond, Leah Beesley, Grant Hose, Jordan Iles, Ian Cartwright, Michael Reid, Thiaggo De Castro Tayer, Clément Duvert

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Non-perennial rivers are valuable water resources that support millions of humans globally, as well as unique riparian ecosystems. In Australia, the Earth's driest inhabited continent, over 70% of rivers are non-perennial due to a combination of ancient landscape, dry climates, highly variable rainfall regimes, and human interventions that have altered riverine environments. Here, we review Australian non-perennial river research incorporating geomorphology, hydrology, biogeochemistry, ecology, and Indigenous knowledges. The dominant research themes in Australia were drought, floods, salinity, dryland ecology, and water management. Future research will likely follow these themes but must address emerging threats to river systems due to climate …

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Influence Of The Atlantic Inflow On Trace Metal Enrichments In Sediments And Particulate Matter Of The Nw Alboran Sea (Sw Mediterranean), Albert Palanques, Pere Puig, Pere Masqué, Enrique Isla May 2024

Influence Of The Atlantic Inflow On Trace Metal Enrichments In Sediments And Particulate Matter Of The Nw Alboran Sea (Sw Mediterranean), Albert Palanques, Pere Puig, Pere Masqué, Enrique Isla

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Trace metal contents and fluxes in downward particulate matter and dated sediment cores of the NW Alboran Sea are analysed in this study with the aim of assessing the role of the Atlantic inflow on their transport. Increases in Zn, Cu and Pb were detected in downward particulate matter collected by sediment traps after river flooding events and after the Aznalcollar mining spill. Their arrival coincided within the recently estimated time range for river particles discharged into the Gulf of Cádiz to reach the Alboran Sea, indicating that their transfer is enhanced during events of increased river inputs of contaminated …

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Optimizing Ic Engine Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review On Biodiesel, Nanofluid, And The Role Of Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar, Sagar Shelare, Deepali Marghade, Pramod Belkhode, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Tiong S. Kiong, S. Ramesh, Armin Rajabi, Harish Venu, T. M. Yunus Khan, M. A. Mujtaba, Kiran Shahapurkar, M. A. Kalam, I. M. R. Fattah May 2024

Optimizing Ic Engine Efficiency: A Comprehensive Review On Biodiesel, Nanofluid, And The Role Of Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar, Sagar Shelare, Deepali Marghade, Pramod Belkhode, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Tiong S. Kiong, S. Ramesh, Armin Rajabi, Harish Venu, T. M. Yunus Khan, M. A. Mujtaba, Kiran Shahapurkar, M. A. Kalam, I. M. R. Fattah

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Transportation and power generation have historically relied upon Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs). However, because of environmental impact and inefficiency, considerable research has been devoted to improving their performance. Alternative fuels are necessary because of environmental concerns and the depletion of non-renewable fuel stocks. Biodiesel has the potential to reduce emissions and improve sustainability when compared to diesel fuel. Several researchers have examined using nanofluids to increase biodiesel performance in internal combustion engines. Due to their thermal and physical properties, nanoparticles in a host fluid improve engine combustion and efficiency. This comprehensive review examines three key areas for improving ICE efficiency: …

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Microplastics Fouling Mitigation In Forward Osmosis Membranes By The Molecular Assembly Of Sulfobetaine Zwitterion, Javad Farahbakhsh, Mitra Golgoli, Mehdi Khiadani, Amir Razmjou, Masoumeh Zargar Apr 2024

Microplastics Fouling Mitigation In Forward Osmosis Membranes By The Molecular Assembly Of Sulfobetaine Zwitterion, Javad Farahbakhsh, Mitra Golgoli, Mehdi Khiadani, Amir Razmjou, Masoumeh Zargar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Forward osmosis (FO) membranes have potential for the efficient water and wastewater treatment applications. However, their development has faced significant challenges due to their fouling propensity. In this study, FO membranes modified with sulfobetaine zwitterions (i.e., [2-(Methacryloyloxy)ethyl]dimethyl-(3-sulfopropyl) ammonium hydroxide) were fabricated and used for the first time to address microplastic (MP) fouling issue. Water flux, reverse salt flux (RSF), fouling, and flux recovery were evaluated for the membranes loaded with different quantities of the zwitterions ranging from 0.25 % to 2 %. The developed membranes were tested over 49 h with feed solutions containing polyethylene MPs and bovine serum albumin …

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Multi-Aspect Rule-Based Ai: Methods, Taxonomy, Challenges And Directions Towards Automation, Intelligence And Transparent Cybersecurity Modeling For Critical Infrastructures, Iqbal H. Sarker, Helge Janicke, Mohamed A. Ferrag, Alsharif Abuadbba Apr 2024

Multi-Aspect Rule-Based Ai: Methods, Taxonomy, Challenges And Directions Towards Automation, Intelligence And Transparent Cybersecurity Modeling For Critical Infrastructures, Iqbal H. Sarker, Helge Janicke, Mohamed A. Ferrag, Alsharif Abuadbba

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Critical infrastructure (CI) typically refers to the essential physical and virtual systems, assets, and services that are vital for the functioning and well-being of a society, economy, or nation. However, the rapid proliferation and dynamism of today's cyber threats in digital environments may disrupt CI functionalities, which would have a debilitating impact on public safety, economic stability, and national security. This has led to much interest in effective cybersecurity solutions regarding automation and intelligent decision-making, where AI-based modeling is potentially significant. In this paper, we take into account “Rule-based AI” rather than other black-box solutions since model transparency, i.e., human …

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Matrix Profile Data Mining For Bgp Anomaly Detection, Ben A. Scott, Michael N. Johnstone, Patryk Szewczyk, Steven Richardson Apr 2024

Matrix Profile Data Mining For Bgp Anomaly Detection, Ben A. Scott, Michael N. Johnstone, Patryk Szewczyk, Steven Richardson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), acting as the communication protocol that binds the Internet, remains vulnerable despite Internet security advancements. This is not surprising, as the Internet was not designed to be resilient to cyber-attacks, therefore the detection of anomalous activity was not of prime importance to the Internet creators. Detection of BGP anomalies can potentially provide network operators with an early warning system to focus on protecting networks, systems, and infrastructure from significant impact, improve security posture and resilience, while ultimately contributing to a secure global Internet environment. In this paper, we present a novel technique for the detection …

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Nonstationary Recharge Responses To A Drying Climate In The Gnangara Groundwater System, Western Australia, Simone Gelsinari, Sarah Bourke, James Mccallum, Don Mcfarlane, Joel Hall, Richard Silberstein, Sally Thompson Apr 2024

Nonstationary Recharge Responses To A Drying Climate In The Gnangara Groundwater System, Western Australia, Simone Gelsinari, Sarah Bourke, James Mccallum, Don Mcfarlane, Joel Hall, Richard Silberstein, Sally Thompson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The response of groundwater recharge to climate change needs to be understood to enable sustainable management of groundwater systems today and in the future, yet observations of recharge over long-enough time periods to reveal responses to climate trends are scarce. Here we present a meta-analysis of 60 years of recharge studies over the Gnangara Groundwater System of South-West Western Australia, covering a period of sustained drying consistent with climate change projections. The recharge process in the area is defined by a wet winter during which rain saturates a deep, highly permeable soil profile with very low water storage capacity. Measurements …

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Simultaneous Extraction And Quantitative Analysis Of S-Methyl-L-Cysteine Sulfoxide, Sulforaphane And Glucosinolates In Cruciferous Vegetables By Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Armaghan Shafaei, Caroline R. Hill, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Mary C. Boyce Mar 2024

Simultaneous Extraction And Quantitative Analysis Of S-Methyl-L-Cysteine Sulfoxide, Sulforaphane And Glucosinolates In Cruciferous Vegetables By Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry, Armaghan Shafaei, Caroline R. Hill, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Mary C. Boyce

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Sulfur containing compounds including glucosinolates (GLS), sulforaphane (SFN) and S-methyl-L-cysteine sulfoxide (SMCSO) have been proposed to be partly responsible for the beneficial health effects of cruciferous vegetables. As such, greater understanding of their measurements within foods is important to estimate intake in humans and to inform dietary intervention studies. Herein is described a simple and sensitive method for simultaneous analysis of 20 GLS, SFN and SMCSO by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Analytes were effectively retained and resolved on an Xbridge C18 column. Detection can be achieved using high resolution or unit resolution mass spectrometry; the latter making the method more …

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Twin Peaks: Matrix Isolation Studies Of H2s·Amine Complexes Shedding Light On Fundamental S–H⋯N Bonding, Matthew H. V. Graneri, Dino Spagnoli, Duncan A. Wild, Allan J. Mckinley Mar 2024

Twin Peaks: Matrix Isolation Studies Of H2s·Amine Complexes Shedding Light On Fundamental S–H⋯N Bonding, Matthew H. V. Graneri, Dino Spagnoli, Duncan A. Wild, Allan J. Mckinley

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Noncovalent bonding between atmospheric molecules is central to the formation of aerosol particles and cloud condensation nuclei and, consequently, radiative forcing. While our understanding of O-H⋯B interactions is well developed, S-H⋯B hydrogen bonding has received far less attention. Sulfur- and nitrogen-containing molecules, particularly amines, play a significant role in atmospheric chemistry, yet S-H⋯N interactions are not well understood at a fundamental level. To help characterize these systems, H2S and methyl-, ethyl-, n-propyl-, dimethyl-, and trimethylamine (MA, EA, n-PA, DMA, and TMA) have been investigated using matrix isolation Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and high-level theoretical methods. Experiments showed that H2S forms …

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Drought Legacy Interacts With Wildfire To Alter Soil Microbial Communities In A Mediterranean Climate-Type Forest, Anna J. M. Hopkins, Aaron J. Brace, Jess L. Bruce, J. Hyde, J. B. Fontaine, L. Walden, W. Veber, K. X. Ruthrof Mar 2024

Drought Legacy Interacts With Wildfire To Alter Soil Microbial Communities In A Mediterranean Climate-Type Forest, Anna J. M. Hopkins, Aaron J. Brace, Jess L. Bruce, J. Hyde, J. B. Fontaine, L. Walden, W. Veber, K. X. Ruthrof

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Mediterranean forest ecosystems will be increasingly affected by hotter drought and more frequent and severe wildfire events in the future. However, little is known about the longer-term responses of these forests to multiple disturbances and the forests' capacity to maintain ecosystem function. This is particularly so for below-ground organisms, which have received less attention than those above-ground, despite their essential contributions to forest function. We investigated rhizosphere microbial communities in a resprouting Eucalyptus marginata forest, southwestern Australia, that had experienced a severe wildfire four years previously, and a hotter drought eight years previously. Our aim was to understand how microbial …

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Lc-Ms/Ms Reveals Hordeins Are Enriched In Brewers’ Spent Grain, Mitchell G. Nye-Wood, Michelle L. Colgrave Mar 2024

Lc-Ms/Ms Reveals Hordeins Are Enriched In Brewers’ Spent Grain, Mitchell G. Nye-Wood, Michelle L. Colgrave

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Barley is commonly used in malting and brewing, and spent grain is repurposed for other foods. Barley contains gluten proteins called hordeins that cause intestinal damage and disease symptoms if eaten by people with celiac disease and related conditions. While the mashing process in brewing can partially hydrolyze immunogenic epitopes in hordeins, the immunogenic epitope load between the starting malt and spent grain has not been investigated. Herein, we quantified hordeins in commercially available spent grain and from matching malt. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and sandwich and competitive R5 ELISAs were used for quantification, revealing a higher abundance of gluten …

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Investigating Communication Of Findings In Environmental Impact Assessment And Developing A Research Agenda For Improvement, Alan Bond, Francois Retief, Angus Morrison-Saunders, Jenny Pope, Reece C. Alberts, Claudine Roos, Dirk Cilliers Mar 2024

Investigating Communication Of Findings In Environmental Impact Assessment And Developing A Research Agenda For Improvement, Alan Bond, Francois Retief, Angus Morrison-Saunders, Jenny Pope, Reece C. Alberts, Claudine Roos, Dirk Cilliers

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) aims to embed consideration of the significance of predicted environmental consequences (the findings) of proposed developments into approval decision making. Achieving this aim relies on adequate communication of the findings of the EIA to the stakeholders, especially the decision makers responsible for the approval decision. However, the naïve assumption that this communication of findings can be effectively achieved through the publication of a written report pervades legislation worldwide, despite decades of evidence to the contrary. As a first step towards improving such communication, this research identifies the contingent conditions associated with effectively transferring EIA findings from …

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Introducing Pour Points: Characteristics And Hydrological Significance Of A Rainfall-Concentrating Mechanism In A Water-Limited Woodland Ecosystem, Ashvath S. Kunadi, Tim Lardner, Richard P. Silberstein, Matthias Leopold, Nik Callow, Erik Veneklaas, Aryan Puri, Eleanor Sydney, Sally E. Thompson Mar 2024

Introducing Pour Points: Characteristics And Hydrological Significance Of A Rainfall-Concentrating Mechanism In A Water-Limited Woodland Ecosystem, Ashvath S. Kunadi, Tim Lardner, Richard P. Silberstein, Matthias Leopold, Nik Callow, Erik Veneklaas, Aryan Puri, Eleanor Sydney, Sally E. Thompson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The interception of rainfall by plant canopies alters the depth and spatial distribution of water arriving at the soil surface, and thus the location, volume, and depth of infiltration. Mechanisms like stemflow are known to concentrate rainfall and route it deep into the soil, yet other mechanisms of flow concentration are poorly understood. This study characterizes pour points, formed by the detachment of water flowing under a branch, using a combination of field observations in Western Australian banksia woodlands and rainfall simulation experiments on Banksia menziesii branches. We aim to establish the hydrological significance of pour points in a water-limited …

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A 2,000-Year Record Of Eelgrass (Zostera Marina L.) Colonization Shows Substantial Gains In Blue Carbon Storage And Nutrient Retention, Martin Dahl, Martin Gullström, Irene Bernabeu, Oscar Serrano, Carmen Leiva-Dueñas, Hans W. Linderholm, Maria E. Asplund, Mats Björk, Tinghai Ou, J. Robin Svensson, Elinor Andrén, Thomas Andrén, Sanne Bergman, Sara Braun, Anneli Eklöf, Zilvinas Ežerinskis, Andrius Garbaras, Petter Hällberg, Elin Löfgren, Malin E. Kylander, Pere Masqué, Justina Šapolaitė, Rienk Smittenberg, Miguel A. Mateo Mar 2024

A 2,000-Year Record Of Eelgrass (Zostera Marina L.) Colonization Shows Substantial Gains In Blue Carbon Storage And Nutrient Retention, Martin Dahl, Martin Gullström, Irene Bernabeu, Oscar Serrano, Carmen Leiva-Dueñas, Hans W. Linderholm, Maria E. Asplund, Mats Björk, Tinghai Ou, J. Robin Svensson, Elinor Andrén, Thomas Andrén, Sanne Bergman, Sara Braun, Anneli Eklöf, Zilvinas Ežerinskis, Andrius Garbaras, Petter Hällberg, Elin Löfgren, Malin E. Kylander, Pere Masqué, Justina Šapolaitė, Rienk Smittenberg, Miguel A. Mateo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Assessing historical environmental conditions linked to habitat colonization is important for understanding long-term resilience and improving conservation and restoration efforts. Such information is lacking for the seagrass Zostera marina, an important foundation species across cold-temperate coastal areas of the Northern Hemisphere. Here, we reconstructed environmental conditions during the last 14,000 years from sediment cores in two eelgrass (Z. marina) meadows along the Swedish west coast, with the main aims to identify the time frame of seagrass colonization and describe subsequent biogeochemical changes following establishment. Based on vegetation proxies (lipid biomarkers), eelgrass colonization occurred about 2,000 years ago after geomorphological changes …

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Environmental Dna Metabarcoding Of Pan Trap Water To Monitor Arthropod-Plant Interactions, Joshua H. Kestel, David L. Field, Philip W. Bateman, Nicole E. White, Karen L. Bell, Paul Nevill Mar 2024

Environmental Dna Metabarcoding Of Pan Trap Water To Monitor Arthropod-Plant Interactions, Joshua H. Kestel, David L. Field, Philip W. Bateman, Nicole E. White, Karen L. Bell, Paul Nevill

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Globally, the diversity of arthropods and the plants upon which they rely are under increasing pressure due to a combination of biotic and abiotic anthropogenic stressors. Unfortunately, conventional survey methods used to monitor ecosystems are often challenging to conduct on large scales. Pan traps are a commonly used pollinator survey method and environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding of pan trap water may offer a high-throughput alternative to aid in the detection of both arthropods and the plant resources they rely on. Here, we examined if eDNA metabarcoding can be used to identify arthropods and plant species from pan trap water, and …

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Voice Synthesis Improvement By Machine Learning Of Natural Prosody, Joseph Kane, Michael N. Johnstone, Patryk Szewczyk Mar 2024

Voice Synthesis Improvement By Machine Learning Of Natural Prosody, Joseph Kane, Michael N. Johnstone, Patryk Szewczyk

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Since the advent of modern computing, researchers have striven to make the human–computer interface (HCI) as seamless as possible. Progress has been made on various fronts, e.g., the desktop metaphor (interface design) and natural language processing (input). One area receiving attention recently is voice activation and its corollary, computer-generated speech. Despite decades of research and development, most computer-generated voices remain easily identifiable as non-human. Prosody in speech has two primary components—intonation and rhythm—both often lacking in computer-generated voices. This research aims to enhance computer-generated text-to-speech algorithms by incorporating melodic and prosodic elements of human speech. This study explores a novel …

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A Global Database Of Dissolved Organic Matter (Dom) Concentration Measurements In Coastal Waters (Coastdom V1), Christian Lønborg, Cátia Carreira, Gwenaël Abril, Susana Agustí, Valentina Amaral, Agneta Andersson, Javier Arístegui, Punyasloke Bhadury, Mariana B. Bif, Alberto V. Borges, Steven Bouillon, Maria L. I. Calleja, Luiz C. Cotovicz, Stefano Cozzi, Maryló Doval, Carlos M. Duarte, Bradley Eyre, Cédric G. Fichot, E. Elena García-Martín, Alexandra Garzon-Garcia, Michele Giani, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Renee Gruber, Dennis A. Hansell, Fuminori Hashihama, Ding He, Johnna M. Holding, William R. Hunter, J. Severino P. Ibánhez, Valeria Ibello, Shan Jiang, Guebuem Kim, Katja Klun, Piotr Kowalczuk, Atsushi Kubo, Choon-Weng Lee, Cláudia B. Lopes, Federica Maggioni, Paolo Magni, Celia Marrase, Patrick Martin, S. Leigh Mccallister, Roisin Mccallum, Patricia M. Medeiros, Xosé A. G. Morán, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Allison Myers-Pigg, Marit Norli, Joanne M. Oakes, Helena Osterholz, Hyekyung Park, Maria L. Paulsen, Judith A. Rosentreter, Jeff D. Ross, Digna Rueda-Roa, Chiara Santinelli, Yuan Shen, Eva Teira, Tinkara Tinta, Guenther Uher, Masahide Wakita, Nicholas Ward, Kenta Watanabe, Yu Xin, Youhei Yamashita, Liyang Yang, Jacob Yeo, Huamao Yuan, Qiang Zheng, Xosé A. Álvarez-Salgado Feb 2024

A Global Database Of Dissolved Organic Matter (Dom) Concentration Measurements In Coastal Waters (Coastdom V1), Christian Lønborg, Cátia Carreira, Gwenaël Abril, Susana Agustí, Valentina Amaral, Agneta Andersson, Javier Arístegui, Punyasloke Bhadury, Mariana B. Bif, Alberto V. Borges, Steven Bouillon, Maria L. I. Calleja, Luiz C. Cotovicz, Stefano Cozzi, Maryló Doval, Carlos M. Duarte, Bradley Eyre, Cédric G. Fichot, E. Elena García-Martín, Alexandra Garzon-Garcia, Michele Giani, Rafael Gonçalves-Araujo, Renee Gruber, Dennis A. Hansell, Fuminori Hashihama, Ding He, Johnna M. Holding, William R. Hunter, J. Severino P. Ibánhez, Valeria Ibello, Shan Jiang, Guebuem Kim, Katja Klun, Piotr Kowalczuk, Atsushi Kubo, Choon-Weng Lee, Cláudia B. Lopes, Federica Maggioni, Paolo Magni, Celia Marrase, Patrick Martin, S. Leigh Mccallister, Roisin Mccallum, Patricia M. Medeiros, Xosé A. G. Morán, Frank E. Muller-Karger, Allison Myers-Pigg, Marit Norli, Joanne M. Oakes, Helena Osterholz, Hyekyung Park, Maria L. Paulsen, Judith A. Rosentreter, Jeff D. Ross, Digna Rueda-Roa, Chiara Santinelli, Yuan Shen, Eva Teira, Tinkara Tinta, Guenther Uher, Masahide Wakita, Nicholas Ward, Kenta Watanabe, Yu Xin, Youhei Yamashita, Liyang Yang, Jacob Yeo, Huamao Yuan, Qiang Zheng, Xosé A. Álvarez-Salgado

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Measurements of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nitrogen (DON), and phosphorus (DOP) concentrations are used to characterize the dissolved organic matter (DOM) pool and are important components of biogeochemical cycling in the coastal ocean. Here, we present the first edition of a global database (CoastDOM v1; available at 10.1594/PANGAEA.964012, Lonborg et al., 2023) compiling previously published and unpublished measurements of DOC, DON, and DOP in coastal waters. These data are complemented by hydrographic data such as temperature and salinity and, to the extent possible, other biogeochemical variables (e.g. chlorophyll a, inorganic nutrients) and the inorganic carbon system (e.g. dissolved inorganic carbon …

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Perovskite Materials In X-Ray Detection And Imaging: Recent Progress, Challenges, And Future Prospects, Md Helal Miah, Mayeen U. Khandaker, Mohammad A. Islam, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Hamid Osman, Md Habib Ullah Feb 2024

Perovskite Materials In X-Ray Detection And Imaging: Recent Progress, Challenges, And Future Prospects, Md Helal Miah, Mayeen U. Khandaker, Mohammad A. Islam, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Hamid Osman, Md Habib Ullah

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Perovskite materials have attracted significant attention as innovative and efficient X-ray detectors owing to their unique properties compared to traditional X-ray detectors. Herein, chronologically, we present an in-depth analysis of X-ray detection technologies employing organic-inorganic hybrids (OIHs), all-inorganic and lead-free perovskite material-based single crystals (SCs), thin/thick films and wafers. Particularly, this review systematically scrutinizes the advancement of the diverse synthesis methods, structural modifications, and device architectures exploited to enhance the radiation sensing performance. In addition, a critical analysis of the crucial factors affecting the performance of the devices is also provided. Our findings revealed that the improvement from single crystallization …

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Maximizing Charge Dynamics In Znin2s4/Cn Van Der Waals Heterojunction For Optimal Hydrogen Production From Photoreforming Of Glucose, Jinqiang Zhang, Xinyuan Xu, Lei Shi, Huayang Zhang, Shaobin Wang, Hongqi Sun Feb 2024

Maximizing Charge Dynamics In Znin2s4/Cn Van Der Waals Heterojunction For Optimal Hydrogen Production From Photoreforming Of Glucose, Jinqiang Zhang, Xinyuan Xu, Lei Shi, Huayang Zhang, Shaobin Wang, Hongqi Sun

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Biomass photoreforming stands out as a promising avenue for green hydrogen, leveraging solar energy for the generation and transformation of clean and renewable energy resources. The pursuit of efficient photocatalysts is motivated by the unsatisfied hydrogen evolution performance arising from the complex and stubborn structure of biomass. Herein, we loaded 2-dimensional (2D) ZnIn2S4 onto 2D carbon nitride nanosheets, resulting in the formation of Van der Waals (VDW) heterojunctions (ZIS/CN). Band structure and morphology of CN were rationally tailored through precursor engineering to effectively magnify interfacial internal electric field and minimize diffusion pathway within the VDW heterostructure, realizing optimal charge dynamics …

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Machine Learning-Enhanced All-Photovoltaic Blended Systems For Energy-Efficient Sustainable Buildings, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Kazi Z. Mostofa, Boon K. Yap, Mohammad K. Basher, Mohammad A. Islam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar, Narottam Das, Tiong S. Kiong Feb 2024

Machine Learning-Enhanced All-Photovoltaic Blended Systems For Energy-Efficient Sustainable Buildings, Mohammad Nur-E-Alam, Kazi Z. Mostofa, Boon K. Yap, Mohammad K. Basher, Mohammad A. Islam, Mikhail Vasiliev, Manzoore E. M. Soudagar, Narottam Das, Tiong S. Kiong

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The focus of this work is on the optimization of an all-photovoltaic hybrid power generation systems for energy-efficient and sustainable buildings, aiming for net-zero emissions. This research proposes a hybrid approach combining conventional solar panels with advanced solar window systems and building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) systems. By analyzing the meteorological data and using the simulation models, we predict energy outputs for different cities such as Kuala Lumpur, Sydney, Toronto, Auckland, Cape Town, Riyadh, and Kuwait City. Although there are long payback times, our simulations demonstrate that the proposed all-PV blended system can meet the energy needs of modern buildings (up …

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Edsuch: A Robust Ensemble Data Summarization Method For Effective Medical Diagnosis, Mohiuddin Ahmed, A. N. M. B. Rashid Feb 2024

Edsuch: A Robust Ensemble Data Summarization Method For Effective Medical Diagnosis, Mohiuddin Ahmed, A. N. M. B. Rashid

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Identifying rare patterns for medical diagnosis is a challenging task due to heterogeneity and the volume of data. Data summarization can create a concise version of the original data that can be used for effective diagnosis. In this paper, we propose an ensemble summarization method that combines clustering and sampling to create a summary of the original data to ensure the inclusion of rare patterns. To the best of our knowledge, there has been no such technique available to augment the performance of anomaly detection techniques and simultaneously increase the efficiency of medical diagnosis. The performance of popular anomaly detection …

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Local Habitat Composition And Complexity Outweigh Seascape Effects On Fish Distributions Across A Tropical Seascape, Molly Moustaka, Richard D. Evans, Gary A. Kendrick, Glenn A. Hyndes, Michael V. W. Cuttler, Tahlia J. Bassett, Michael J. O’Leary, Shaun K. Wilson Feb 2024

Local Habitat Composition And Complexity Outweigh Seascape Effects On Fish Distributions Across A Tropical Seascape, Molly Moustaka, Richard D. Evans, Gary A. Kendrick, Glenn A. Hyndes, Michael V. W. Cuttler, Tahlia J. Bassett, Michael J. O’Leary, Shaun K. Wilson

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Context: The distribution of animals is influenced by a complex interplay of landscape, environmental, habitat, and anthropogenic factors. While the effects of each of these forces on fish assemblages have been studied in isolation, the implications of their combined influence within a seascape remain equivocal. Objectives: We assessed the importance of local habitat composition, seascape configuration, and environmental conditions for determining the abundance, diversity, and functional composition of fish assemblages across a tropical seascape. Methods: We quantified fish abundance in coral, macroalgal, mangrove, and sand habitats throughout the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia. A full-subsets modelling approach was used that incorporated …

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